Kurdish Notables and the Ottoman State: Evolving Identities, Competing Loyalties, and Shifting BoundariesSUNY Press, 2004 M01 1 - 186 pages Kurdish nationalism remains one of the most critical and explosive problems of the Middle East. Despite its importance, the topic remains on the margins of Middle East Studies. Bringing the study of Kurdish nationalism into the mainstream of Middle East scholarship, Hakan Özogálu examines the issue in the context of the Ottoman Empire. Using a wealth of primary sources, including Ottoman and British archives, Ottoman Parliamentary minutes, memoirs, and interviews, he focuses on revealing the social, political, and historical forces behind the emergence and development of Kurdish nationalism. Contrary to the assumption that nationalist movements contribute to the collapse of empires, the book argues that Kurdish leaders remained loyal to the Ottoman state, and only after it became certain that the empire would not recover did Kurdish nationalism emerge and clash with the Kemalist brand of Turkish nationalism. |
Contents
Introduction | 1 |
The Role of Kurdish Nationalism in the Emergence of the Turkish Republic | 2 |
A Brief Discussion of Nationalism | 3 |
Different Interpretations of Nationalism | 4 |
Ethnicity Nationalism and the Development of Identity | 7 |
Nationalism in the Kurdish Case | 10 |
Nationalism and Notables in the Ottoman Empire | 11 |
Boundaries of the Research | 13 |
Consequences of Ottoman Rule | 63 |
Kurdish Protonationalism? The Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries | 69 |
Bedirhan Pasha and His Revolt of 1847 | 70 |
The Naqshbandi Semdinan Family and Sayyid Ubeydullah | 72 |
Two Kurdish Cultural and Political Organizations 190820 | 77 |
Kurt Teavun ve Terakki Cemiyeti or the Society for the Mutual Aid and Progress of Kurdistan SMPK | 78 |
The Role of Preexisting Ties and Notables in the Emergence of Kurdish Nationalism | 87 |
The Naksibendi Semdinan Family | 88 |
Organization and General Arguments of the Chapters | 14 |
Evolution of Group Identity The Kurds and Kurdistan in Historical Texts | 21 |
Origin of the Kurds | 22 |
Serefhan Bitlisi | 27 |
Ahmedi Hani | 31 |
A View of An Ottoman Traveler | 33 |
Kurdistan The First Kurdish Newspaper | 35 |
Semseddin Sami 18501904 in his famous encyclopedia Kamus ulAlem defines Kurdistan as follows | 37 |
The PostWorld War I Period | 38 |
Conclusion | 40 |
StateTribe Relations Ottoman Empire and Kurdish Tribalism Since the Sixteenth Century | 43 |
Definition of Kurdish Tribes | 45 |
Kurdish Tribalism Prior to the Ottoman Conquest | 46 |
OttomanSafavid Relations and Kurdistan | 47 |
Classical Ottoman Administration | 51 |
Ottoman Administration in Kurdistan | 53 |
Decreasing Level of Autonomy | 57 |
Ottoman Administrative Policies in NineteenthCentury Kurdistan | 59 |
The Bedirhani Family | 95 |
Celadet Ali and Kamuran Ali Bedirhan | 100 |
Other Members of the SAK in the Bedirhani Family | 102 |
The Cemilpasazade Family | 103 |
Ekrem Cemilpasa | 104 |
Kadri Cemilpasa Zinar Silopi | 106 |
Shaykh Sefik Efendi Arvasi | 108 |
Mehmet Serif Pasha | 110 |
Bediiizzaman Said Nursi | 113 |
Hizanizade Bitlizli Kemal Fevzi | 115 |
Conclusion | 117 |
Concluding Remarks and Suggestions for Further Research | 121 |
Directions for further Research in the Republican Period | 125 |
Notes | 131 |
Bibliography | 159 |
| 179 | |
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Common terms and phrases
activities Anatolia Arab nationalism Armenian Arvasi autonomist autonomy Ayan became Bedirhan Bedirhani family Bitlis Bitlisi boundaries of Kurdistan Bozarslan British Bruinessen Celadet Cemilpaşa Çemişkezek chapter Cizre claims Diyarbakır document dulkadir Ekrem Cemil emergence of Kurdish Emin Ali Bedirhan established ethnic Evliya Çelebi eyalet Ferdowsi Hakkari Handan Iran Islamic Istanbul Kadri Cemil Kemal Fevzi Kemalists Kurdish emirates Kurdish identity Kurdish leaders Kurdish nationalism Kurdish nationalist Kurdish notables Kurdish organizations Kurdish society Kurdish tribes Kurdistan Province Kürdistan Teali Cemiyeti Kurds Kurds and Kurdistan Kurmanci Kürt land leadership Malmisanij Meclis-i Mehmet military Naqshbandi nationalist movements nineteenth century Nursi origin Ottoman administration Ottoman Empire Paşa Persian province region revolt ruler Safavid sancaks Sayyid Sayyid Abdulkadir Sayyid Ubeydullah secessionist Şefik Şemdinan family Şerefhan Şerefname Şerif Pasha Seyahatname Shaykh Silopi SMPK sources Sultan Tarihi term Kurd territory tion toman trans tribal Tunaya Türk Turkey Turkic Turkish Turks twentieth century Zahhak