risk of life, which must necessarily attend the pursuit of extensive commerce. He travelled and resided in Russia for ten years. He was a true Christian philosopher, and did not look upon riches as the one thing needful; he only wished for health, peace, and competence. He had seen the vanity of great wealth, and that it did not give happiness, which can flow only from the temper and the mind. He returned to London, where he was greatly respected and esteemed. He was the first person who carried an umbrella in London, such as he had used in Persia, which at that time was considered very singular. He was always very pious, and exact in his attendance at Church. He read prayers to his sister and her family every morning at eight o'clock. He used to tell a story of a coachman whom he had hired: he said to the man, "I shall expect you to attend at eight o'clock every morning for twenty minutes to hear prayers." "Why," said the man," I have no great objection, if your Honour will consider that in my wages." We may know from that proposal, that there were not many coachmen who could read at that period in London, viz. in 1748, when no Sunday schools existed.

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Mr. Hanway was very active, and if he saw the poor tradesmen and labourers discontented, and ready to complain, and abuse the government, and follow any turbulent leader who wished to collect a mob, and cry out for liberty, Mr. Hanway used to take his umbrella, and walk amongst the mob, telling them of the laws of Persia and Russia, where

their eyes and tongues would be both taken out; while his mild placid countenance and temper made the mob (which at that time appeared occasionally) disperse by degrees, and return to their work. He would talk to them with sincere anxiety for their happiness, being a true philanthropist, who wished to see cheerful faces, for which the family of John Bull are not remarkable; yet the gravity, and firm, good, solid mind of the English in general, is superior to the giddy frivolity of the continent. Mr. Hanway was sure to give good advice to the lower class. If he had been bred to the Church, he would have preached well. He would tell them, "If you had lived in Russia with frost and snow for six months, and where the poor are slaves, or in Greenland, where the poor man must live by catching fish in the most cold and stormy climate, having no other food, England would appear like a Paradise to you; perfect happiness is not to be found any where in this poor world; but there is in Britain that happiness and comfort which foreigners do not understand or enjoy,

"In sober pleasures, honest cares,

Health and peace, and humble prayers."

Mr. Hanway chose to print his travels at his own expence, that he might not lead any bookseller into an engagement which might be productive of loss. He engaged the best artists for engraving the plates, maps, &c. The first edition, in four volumes, quarto, 1200 copies, cost him for engraving

only, 7007. This edition was published in London in 1753. The public received them with universal approbation. The united testimony of men of taste and learning gave to the work the stamp of merit. These volumes went through four editions. Travels from the most authentic source were very scarce at that period. The close application to this object had impaired the health of Mr. Hanway, and he went to Tunbridge Wells for a few weeks; and his health being improved, he went to Paris, and afterwards to Lisle, Brussels, Antwerp, and Amsterdam. He returned to London, and to Tunbridge Wells, where he lived in the most intelligent and fashionable society.

Mr. Hanway next published his excellent plan for paving, cleansing, and lighting the streets of Westminster. He published two volumes in 1757, on a journey from Portsmouth to Kingston, octavo, in which he gave lively and interesting descriptions, and particularly observations on tea-drinking as a pernicious custom. These two volumes went through two editions.

The various useful and benevolent plans proposed and promoted by Mr. Hanway for the welfare of the public, rendered his character most respectable and popular amongst all ranks. His sincerity, and disinterested goodness and ardour, were conspicuous to all. His name was affixed to every proposal for the benefit of mankind, and was sure to bring with it more money than his own benefaction; for the subscribers were confident that

their bounty would be most faithfully expended under Mr. Hanway's direction.

He made great exertions to alleviate the distress of young chimney sweepers; and a subscription was made to give them better clothes, and measures were taken that as many as wished it might be transferred to the Navy, with advantages; as they were acknowledged to be excellent sailors, and expert in climbing the masts. Mr. Hanway made improvements in the Lock hospital, and in a maritime school at Chelsea.

In 1783 Mr. Hanway, finding that his health declined, resigned his office at the Victualling Board; but he immediately received from his Majesty (George the Third) a grant of his whole salary, (by way of pension) for life. This he owed to the personal knowledge of the King, who had long known and esteemed his virtues and labours. He now had leisure to promote by every means the establishment of Sunday schools, as well as a plan for the relief of many poor black people who wandered about in London. But his health declined more and more in consequence of a general decay; and he died September 5, 1786, universally respected.

THE RIGHT HONOURABLE

SELINA COUNTESS DOWAGER OF

HUNTINGDON.

THIS remarkable and pious lady was born in August 1707; she was the second daughter of Washington, Earl of Ferrers: she married Theophilus, Earl of Huntingdon, in June, 1728, by whom she had four sons and three daughters, of whom the Countess of Moira was the only survivor, the mother of Lord Rawdon, who was afterwards the Earl of Moira, and the Marquis of Hastings, the Governor-General of India.

The Countess of Huntingdon had been a widow forty-five years, and so long has a fine bust of her, by Kent, been placed on the tomb of her deceased lord, at Ashby-de-la Zouch, in the county of Leicester, where by her will she directed that her remains (dressed in a suit of white silk, which she wore at the opening of a chapel at Goodman's Fields) should be deposited, in as plain a manner as possible, the coffin to be covered with black, and the clergyman who officiated to receive a compliment of ten pounds.

Her ladyship had very extensive religious engagements, as being at the head of a very nu

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