RECOMMENDS to all Governments concerned that they take urgent and adequate measures to effect a careful screening of all displaced persons, refugees, prisoners of war and persons of similar status, with a view to identifying all war criminals, Quislings and traitors; and, in such screening, give high priority to all persons or groups of persons who use duress or incite other persons to the use of duress towards refugees, displaced persons, prisoners of war and persons of similar status, with the aim:

(a) of preventing them from expressing the desire to return to their country of nationality or formal habitual residence; or

(b) of raising obstacles in any form to written or oral contact with duly accredited representatives of the Government of the country of their nationality or former habitual residence.

Transfer to the United Nations of the Advisory Social Welfare Functions of UNRRA

[This resolution authorizes the Secretary-General, in consultation with the Economic and Social Council, to make provision for continuing important UNRRA advisory functions in the field of social welfare and to report on the measures taken to the Social Commission which, in turn, is requested to formulate recommendations for continued action in this field. The General Assembly adopted this resolution unanimously on December 14, 1946.]

WHEREAS Article 66 of the Charter of United Nations provides: 1. The Economic and Social Council shall perform such functions as fall within its competence in connection with the carrying out of the recommendations of the General Assembly;

2. It may, with the approval of the General Assembly, perform services at the request of Members of the United Nations and at the request of specialized agencies;

3. It shall perform such other functions as are specified elsewhere in the present Charter or as may be assigned to it by the General Assembly;

WHEREAS the Economic and Social Council, on 30 September 1946, recommended the transfer to the United Nations of certain urgent and important advisory functions in the field of social welfare carried on by UNRRA, special consideration being given to the needs of children.

WHEREAS THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY, after examining the report and the recommendations presented by the Secretary-General in document

A/132, recognizes the necessity of transferring to the United Nations the urgent and important advisory functions in the field of social welfare carried on by UNRRA.

THEREFORE THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,

A. AUTHORIZES the Secretary-General:

1. In consultation with the Economic and Social Council, to make provision, with the cooperation of the specialized agencies where appropriate, for the continuance of the urgent and important advisory functions in the field of social welfare carried on by UNRRA; and for this purpose:

2. To include in the budget of the United Nations for 1947 the funds necessary for the assumption of the following functions, all of which are necessary for the accomplishment of an effective program:

(a) for a requisite number of social welfare experts to provide, on the request of Governments which show the need for them, such advisory services and to put into practice over an appropriate period new technical methods in any branch of social welfare;

(b) for enabling a requisite number of (suitably qualified) social welfare officials to observe, and familiarize themselves with the experience of other countries administering social welfare programs;

(c) for providing advice, demonstration and instruction in connection with the manufacture of prosthetic appliances and the vocational training of physically handicapped persons and for furnishing the necessary demonstration equipment and tools;

(d) for the furnishing to the Member countries which have been devastated during the war of technical publications helpful in the training of social welfare workers.

The furnishing of the experts shall be undertaken by the SecretaryGeneral in agreement with the Governments concerned, and the selection of grant-holders shall be made by the Secretary-General on the basis of proposals received from Governments. The amount of service to be furnished to the various Governments shall be decided by the Secretary-General, and shall be reviewed by the Social Commission at its next session. The kind of service mentioned under (a), (b), (c) and (d) to be rendered to each country shall be decided by the Government concerned.

B. REQUESTS the Secretary-General to report to the Social Commission on the measures which he takes in compliance with the terms of the present resolution, and requests the Commission during its first session to formulate recommendations concerning the continued action required to carry on the essential advisory activities of UNRRA in the field of social welfare.

International Children's Emergency Fund

[This resolution establishes an International Children's Emergency Fund to be administered for the benefit of children of countries which were victims of aggression and of countries receiving assistance from UNRRA, and for child health purposes generally. It was unanimously adopted by the General Assembly on December 11, 1946.]

I. THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,

HAVING given consideration to the resolution adopted by the Economic and Social Council at its third session recommending the creation of an International Children's Emergency Fund to be utilized for the benefit of children and adolescents of countries which were the victims of aggression, and recognizing the desirability of establishing such a Fund in accordance with Article 55 of the Charter of the United Nations;

THEREFORE DECIDES:

1. There is hereby created an International Children's Emergency Fund to be utilized and administered, to the extent of its available

resources:

(a) for the benefit of children and adolescents of countries which were victims of aggression and in order to assist in their rehabilitation;

(b) for the benefit of children and adolescents of countries at present receiving assistance from the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration;

(c) for child health purposes generally, giving high priority to the children of countries victims of aggression.

2. (a) The Fund shall consist of any assets made available by UNRRA or any voluntary contributions made available by Governments, voluntary agencies, individual or other sources. It shall be authorized to receive funds, contributions or other assistance from any of the foregoing sources; to make expenditures and to finance or arrange for the provision of supplies, material, services and technical assistance for the furtherance of the foregoing purposes; to facilitate and coordinate activities relating thereto; and generally to acquire, hold or transfer property, and to take any other legal action necessary or useful in the performance of its objects and purposes;

(b) The Fund, in agreement with the Governments concerned, shall take such measures as are deemed appropriate to ensure the proper utilization and distribution of supplies or other assistance which it provides. Supplies or other assistance shall be made available to

Governments upon approval by the Fund of the plans of operation drawn up by the Governments concerned. Provision shall be made for:

(i) the submission to the Fund of such reports on the use of supplies and other assistance as the Fund may from time to time require; (ii) equitable and efficient dispensation or distribution of all supplies or other assistance, on the basis of need, without discrimination because of race, creed, nationality status or political belief.

(c) The Fund shall not engage in activity in any country except in consultation with, and with the consent of, the Government concerned;

(d) The Fund shall appeal to all voluntary relief agencies to continue and intensify their activities and shall take the necessary measures in order to cooperate with these agencies.

3. (a) The Fund shall be administered by an Executive Director under policies, including the determination of programs and allocation of funds, established by an Executive Board in accordance with such principles as may be laid down by the Economic and Social Council and its Social Commission;

(b) The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall appoint the Executive Director, in consultation with the Executive Board;

(c) The Executive Board shall be composed of representatives of the following Governments:

The Economic and Social Council, on the recommendation of the Executive Board, may designate other Governments as members of the Board. Membership may be changed by the General Assembly,

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on the recommendation of the Economic and Social Council, at any time after the first three years of the Fund's existence. The Board may, as occasions arise, invite representatives of specialized agencies for consultation on matters within their competence;

(d) The Board may designate from among its members such committees as it deems advisable in the interest of effective administration. The Board shall elect its own Chairman and its Vice-Chairman, and shall meet whenever convened by the Chairman, or upon the request of any three of its members. The first meeting of the Board shall be convened by the Secretary-General of the United Nations, at the earliest date feasible after the adoption of this resolution. Each member of the Board shall have one vote. A majority of the Board shall constitute a quorum and it shall vote by a majority of the members present and voting. Subject to the foregoing, the Board may establish its own rules of procedure.

4. (a) Staff and facilities required for the administration of the Fund shall be provided to the Board by the Secretary-General. The Fund may also utilize such staff, equipment and records as may be made available by the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration during the period of its existence;

(b) The United Nations shall make no charge to the Fund on account of staff and facilities, so long as these can be provided from the established services of the Secretariat and within the limits of the United Nations budget. If additional funds are necessary, money for such purposes shall be provided by the Fund;

(c) To the maximum extent feasible, the utilization of the staff and technical assistance of specialized agencies, in particular the World Health Organization or its Interim Commission, shall be requested, with a view to reducing to a minimum the separate personnel requirements of the Fund.

5. The Secretary-General shall not pay from the funds received to finance the United Nations budget any claims arising from the operation of the Fund, but the Executive Board is authorized to pay from the Fund claims arising from its operation.

6. The Secretary-General shall submit to the General Assembly an annual audit of the accounts of the Fund.

7. The Executive Board shall make periodic reports of its operations at such times and in such form as the Economic and Social Council shall provide.

8. A report shall be submitted to the fourth session of the Economic and Social Council containing a recommended program and estimate of expenses incurred and to be incurred for the Fund for 1947 which shall be subject to the approval of the Council.