State-sponsored Terrorism: Report, Том 4U.S. Government Printing Office, 1985 - Всего страниц: 186 |
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Action active acts Africa agencies American Armed Forces assistance attacked U.S. businesses attempt authorities base Beirut bombing brigade called carried Chief close command Communist connections coordination countries course create Cuba Cuban deal Defense definition democratic Department direct effective elements Emerged enemies established Europe facilities federal foreign Founded Front goals guerrilla ideological Independence intelligence interests involved Iran Islamic Islamic Republic Joint kind leader Lebanon Libya low-intensity measures meeting military forces Movement National Liberation objective October officers operations organizations Party People's person personnel planning political Popular prepared present President propaganda Resistance responsibility Revolutionary role Secretary situations society South Soviet Union sponsor sponsorship Staff state-sponsored terrorism strategic SWAPO Syria territory terrorist acts terrorist groups terrorist incidents threat U.S. Army U.S. diplomatic U.S. military United violence warfare weapons
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Стр. 25 - ... violent acts or acts dangerous to human life that are a violation of the criminal laws of the United States or of any State, or that would be a criminal violation if committed within the jurisdiction of the United States...
Стр. 17 - acts of terrorism" means criminal acts directed against a State and intended or calculated to create a state of terror in the minds of particular persons, or a group of persons or the general public.
Стр. 81 - The threat or use of violence for political purposes by individuals or groups, whether acting for, or in opposition to, established governmental authority, when such actions are intended to shock, stun, or intimidate a target group wider than the immediate victims.
Стр. 82 - International terrorist activities means any activity or activities which: (a) involves killing, causing serious bodily harm, kidnapping, or violent destruction of property, or an attempt or credible threat to commit such acts; and (b) appears intended to endanger a protectee of the Secret Service or the Department of State or to further political, social or economic goals by intimidating or coercing a civilian population or any segment thereof, influencing the policy of a government or international...
Стр. 19 - On the other hand, the diverse origins and semantic justifications of this sort of act are irrelevant to the victims. Moreover, the definitional focus of each sovereign government depends first and foremost on the nature of its internal and external policies. Every sovereign state reserves to itself the political and legal authority to determine what is and what is not terrorism in the context of domestic and foreign affairs. For instance, the United Kingdom applies the term to the Irish Republican...
Стр. 81 - Domestic terrorism is the unlawful use, or threatened use, of force or violence by a group or individual based and operating entirely within the United States or its territories without foreign direction committed against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives.
Стр. xiii - The deliberate employment of violence or the threat of use of violence by sovereign states or sub-national groups encouraged or assisted by sovereign states to attain strategic and political objectives by acts in violation of law intended to create overwhelming fear in a target population larger than the civilian or military victims attacked or...
Стр. 29 - Army manual on countering terrorism defines it as "the calculated use of violence or threat of violence to attain goals that are political, religious, or ideological in nature. This is done through intimidation, coercion, or instilling fear.
Стр. 81 - terrorism" means premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by sub-national groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience.
Стр. 82 - Within the territory of the State against which the act is directed and the alleged offender knows or has reason to know that a person against whom the act is directed is not a national...