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The claws of a grisly bear form a proud collar for a chief; a piece of the scalp of an enemy with a tuft of long hair hangs on the stem of the war-pipes; the wing of a red-bird, or the beak or plumage of a raven adorns their locks; the skin of a rattle-snake is worn round the arms of the chiefs; the skin of a polecat bound round the leg is the order of the garter among the Indians.

Oh, if we could scorn

Hate, and pride, and fear!

A blood-red cross was on his arm, a dragon on his breast. Europe and Afric on each other gaze.

The adjective is the enemy of the noun.

Over the rills and the crags and the hills, over the lakes and the plains.

Assyria, Greece, Rome, Carthage, where are they?

Then the little Hiawatha

Learned of every bird its language;
Learned their names and all their secrets;
How they built their nests in summer,
Where they hid themselves in winter.

All things rejoiced beneath the sun, the weeds,
The river, and the cornfields, and the reeds.

His diet was of wheaten bread, and milk, and oats, and straw.

On the green banks of Shannon, when Sheelah was nigh,
No blithe Irish lad was so happy as I.

This is the cat, that killed the rat, that eat the malt, that lay in the house that Jack built.

The levelling of forests, the draining of morasses, and the extirpation of mischievous animals, are the first objects of man's labour when he reclaims the earth to his use.

I know each lane, and every alley green,
Dingle, or bushy dell, of this wild wood.

No other rivers such fine salmon feed(s),
Nor Taff, nor Tay, nor Tyne, nor Thames,
Nor Trent, nor Tweed.

17. (§ 13.) Tell out the verbs, and say transitive or intransitive (see §§ 4, 5, 13)—

I heard the dash of oars.
On the bay the moonlight lay.

The hermit good lives in that wood.
The loud wind never reached the

ship. We rode together, my father and I. The water trickled from his coat. The wind sways the pines. All things pass away. Great kings have long arms. Shouts arose. The island lies nine leagues away. Gather ye rosebuds. The stream runs fast. Leaves fall. Chameleons feed on light and air. Nations perish. I fear not wave nor wind. The child's countenance brightened with joy.. Loan oft loses both itself and friend. I made a footing in the wall. Fond memory brings the light of other days around me. Here lies old Hobson. He never learned to fail. A necessary act incurs no blame. He shook the fragment of his blade. Within an antique oratory stood the boy. Day brought back my night. I sat alone. The mower whets his scythe. Seasons return. From these gates sorrow flies far. The arctic sun rose broad above the wave. He returned my favours. All heads must come to the cold tomb. The white owl in the belfry sits. Against the sun the shadow went. If you strike in anger you do not punish, you take revenge. Birds of a feather flock together. The stars shone through the rents of ruin. The floor gave way. Morn came and went. I still bear up, and steer right onward. Night invests the sea, and wishéd morn delays. The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, the furrow followed free. Tempests round us gather. Beyond the mark the arrow flew. Boys fly kites. The groom walked the horse home. Still they rowed amidst the roar. The clock struck

the hour for retiring. He stood on a tower in the wet. He could not bear the reproaches of his friend. He looks the whole world in the face.

18. ($5, 13.) Tell out all the copulative and transitive verbs

Calm was his life, and quiet was his death. There's ice about the mere. Perseverance conquers difficulty. The boy remained a dunce. The farmer grows turnips. He grows wiser every day. A wiser and a better man he rose the morrow morn. She drifted a dreary wreck. We were a noisy crew. A boastful tyrant hurled his threats. The soul of chivalry was individual honour. There is even a happiness that makes the heart afraid. Wentworth became the king's adviser. A day to childhood seems a year. Comfortable men gather about great fires, and yet feel cold. The withered leaves lie dead. He looked every inch a king. The lovely stranger stands confessed a maid in all her charms. And fast the miserable ship becomes a lifeless wreck. Each face grew dark. The child had been his father's solace and his care. Silent and pale the father stands. A land of slaves shall ne'er be mine. Burning Sappho loved and sung. The icy earth swung blind and blackening in the moonless air. Ships lay rotting on the sea.

19. (§ 14.) Let the pronoun I be the subject of each verb, and then say whether it is transitive or intransitive

Scratch, kill, employ, creep, remain, eat, talk, drink, look, see, strike, break, write, sow, steal, feel, shout, fall, raise, sit, ring, wring, fight, crawl, rejoice, go, sail, slide, swim, paint, live, die, dye, save, waste, play, run, stand, destroy, injure, hurt, smash, split, sink, float, drift, say, speak, tell, give, promise, spoil, win, fear, hear, listen, split, sound, stray, throw, shrink, leave, depart, shoot, wind, shake, set, rise, lie, lay, fell.

20. (§ 14.) Put pronouns instead of nouns where they are required

Once upon a time a goose fed the goose's goslings by a pond side, and in such a case the goose was extreme in the goose's pride. If any other animal chanced to pass that way, the goose at once made at the animal. The pond, the goose said, was the goose's, and the goose would maintain the goose's right in the pond, and support the goose's honour, while the goose had a bill to hiss or a wing to flutter.

A hen-crow once stole a piece of cheese and flew away with the cheese to the branch of a large beech tree where the crow perched with the cheese in the crow's beak. A fox had been watching the crow and thought the fox would like to taste the cheese, but the fox did not know how to get the cheese. At last the fox made up the fox's mind to try this trick. The fox told the crow that the crow was indeed a fine bird, and that the fox knew the crow could sing a sweet song if the crow chose, and with a smile the fox asked the crow to please the fox by singing the fox a tune. The crow began to sing and the cheese fell out of the crow's beak. The fox ate the cheese up and went off laughing.

21. (§ 14.) Tell out the nouns which the pronouns in

italics stand for

The king was in his counting-house. The queen was in her parlour. The ranger on his couch lay warm. Men must reap the things they sow. Augustus Cæsar boasted that he found Rome built of brick, and left it marble. The old man said unto his sons, "Saddle me the ass," and they saddled him. Now morning lifts her dewy veil. Evil on itself shall back recoil. Away we go, my boat and I. (Wordsworth.) A weary palmer worn and weak I wander for my sin. The poppies show their scarlet coats. Sweet bird! thy bower is ever green, thy sky is ever clear. "What is the use of thee, thou gnarled sapling?" said a young

larch tree to a young oak. My son, if sinners entice thee, consent thou not.

The body of my brother's son

Stood by me, knee to knee;
The body and I pulled at one rope,

But he said nought to me. (I=mariner.)

The porter sits down on the weight which he bore.

The frost

performs its secret ministry. The knight made answer to the maid, while to his heart he held her hand.

There is not wind enough to twirl
The one red leaf, the last of its clan,
That dances as often as dance it can.

This is the cat that killed the rat, that ate the malt, that lay in the house that Jack built.

We have a pretty witty king

Whose word no man relies on;
Who never said a foolish thing,
And never did a wise one.

The evil that men do lives after them. A knight seldom stirred from his house without a falcon on his wrist, or a greyhound that followed him. The man whom John went to see came here to see him.

22. (§ 14.) Tell out the pronouns in the following— And she took up her white, white hands,

And struck him on the breast.

Across the waters I am come. Say naught to him as he walks through the hall, and he'll say naught to you. He his hand put up to feel the wound. A slumber did my spirits seal. We were a noisy crew. Sport that wrinkled care derides. There was an old woman who lived in a shoe.

Had you seen but his look, you'd have sworn on a book
He'd have conquered a whole armada.

There is a reaper whose name is death. He is taller than I. Thee the all-beholding sun shall see no more.

I sat me down. We were the first that ever burst into that She saw me not. We rode together, my father and I.

silent sea.

Who steals my purse steals trash;

But he that filches from me my good name,

Robs me of that which not enriches him,

And makes me poor indeed.

23. (§ 14.) Read the following sentences without

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The skipper had taken his little daughter to bear him company. He wrapped her in his seaman's coat.

For Winter came: the wind was his whip;

One choppy finger was on his lip.

He had torn the cataracts from the hills,
And they clanked at his girdle like manacles.

Gabriel thus bespake the fiend:

Satan, I know thy strength, and thou knowest mine.

"Oliver Cromwell sent to his general to warn him that he was in danger from the king's soldiers, who were coming up to surprise him. As soon as he received Cromwell's letter, he accepted his advice, and as he could not defend himself, he hastily returned."

The sun, that measures heaven all day long,

At night doth bait his steeds the ocean-waves among.

Here is a pretty young maiden

Who wants to confess her sins.

The friend, whom Wallace trusted, betrayed him. This is he whom my sword shall slay. Thy neighbour is he whom thou hast power to aid and bless.

24. (§ 15.) Tell out the single-word adjectives

Out of the houses the rats came tumbling;
Great rats, small rats, lean rats, brawny rats,
Brown rats, black rats, grey rats, tawny rats.

There are seven pillars of Gothic mould
In Chillon's dungeons deep and cold.

A brave old man was he. Lavish nature paints the purple year. The rock, beaten and buffeted, stood. The black hen laid a fresh egg. The sunniest things throw sternest shade. Green leaves hang, but the brown must fly. Great kings have long arms. But when he came, though pale and wan,

He looked so great and high;

So noble was his manly front,
So calm his steadfast eye,

The rabble rout forbore to shout,

And each man held his breath.

The stream is strong, and the water deep.

He himself was tall
The white

and thin, with sharp blue eyes and light loose hair. snow lay on the narrow pathway. The place was dark. a sadder and a wiser man.

He rose

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