Abourezk, Hon. James, a U.S. Senator from the State of South Dakota.... Becker, Herbert, director; Dick Smith; Bruce Green; and Raymond McGee, representing the California Indian Legal Services, Berkeley, 239 1 127, 129 Glazier, Henry, Paiute, chairman, Bridgeport Indian community, and James, Albert, Wyott chairman, Nelson Hopper, Pomo, and Matt Calc, Johnson, Vernon, executive director, Intertribal Council of California, accompanied by Terry Brown, chairman, ITCC executive board of Masten, Peter, chairman, Hoopa Valley Reservation, representing the San Diego County Tribal Chairman's Association; Don Calac, chairman of the Rincon Reservation, Escondido, Calif.; Gerald Kane, chairman of the Bishop Reservation; Alex Garfield, chairman of the Tule River Reserva- tion; and Willie Colegrove, member of the Hoopa Tribe and voluntary consultant to the California Tribal Chairmen's Association__ Owens, Dr. Kenneth N., professor of history and ethnic studies, Cali- Patencio, Ray, chairman, Agua Calienta Band of Mission Indians, Palm Springs, Calif., accompanied by Raymond Simpson, attorney, and Elmer Savilla, president, Quechan Tribe, Yuma, Ariz__ Savilla, Elmer, president, Quechan Tribe, Yuma, Ariz__ Williams, Timm, Yurok, chairman; Jim Medina, Cherokee, executive director, representing the California Rural Indian Health Board, Berk- eley, Calif.. Tunney, Hon. John V., a U.S. Senator from the State of California___. Bruce, Louis R., Commissioner, Bureau of Indian Affairs, letter to Nicholas Villa and the Ione Band of Indians, Ione, Calif., dated October 18, 1972__ Frizzel, Kent, solicitor, Department of the Interior, letter to Elmer Savilla, president, Quechan Tribal Council, dated August 17, 1973----- Savilla, Elmer, president, Quechan Tribal Council, letter to the Interior Andrade, Ronald, executive director, region IX, American Indian Council, Eaglestaff, Sam, director, American Indian Center, San Francisco, Calif., Edmonds, Randy, director, United American Indian Council, Los Angeles, Page 397 240 256 Marin, CeCe, director, Intertribal Friendship House, Oakland, Calif_ Martin, Ken, president, the California Indian Education Association, accompanied by Morgan Otis and David Risling-- 250 371 ADDITIONAL MATERIAL "A Preliminary Survey of American Indian Involvement in the Federal Government," report-- 268 Consultant's report to the Community Relations Office, San Francisco 386 423 CALIFORNIA INDIAN OVERSIGHT HEARINGS MONDAY, AUGUST 27, 1973 U.S. SENATE, SUBCOMMITTEE ON INDIAN AFFAIRS, OF THE COMMITTEE ON INTERIOR AND INSULAR AFFAIRS, Sacramento, Calif. The subcommittee met, pursuant to notice, at 9 a.m., in the Resources Building, Sacramento, Calif., Hon. James Abourezk, presiding. Present: Senators Abourezk and Tunney. Also present: Forrest Gerard and Sherwin Broadhead. Senator ABOUREZK. The Indian Affairs Subcommittee is now in session. OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. JAMES ABOUREZK, A U.S. SENATOR FROM THE STATE OF SOUTH DAKOTA This is an open public hearing before the Subcommittee on Indian Affairs to take testimony from Indian people and others interested in Indian affairs. This hearing, at Sacramento and San Francisco, Calif., and Albuquerque, N. Mex., is a continuation of a series of factfinding oversight hearings that the subcommittee embarked upon earlier at Washington, D.C., and at Pine Ridge, S. Dak., near Wounded Knee. The primary purpose of these hearings is to gather findings and information from the Indian people themselves and others closely involved in the Indian field for the development of an aggressive legislative program to restructure the present Federal-Indian relationship. Rather than scheduling a specífic bill before the subcommittee, this hearing has purposely been structured on an open forum basis to accommodate the Indian people and others who will be testifying today. It is my belief that this type of hearing will provide a better opportunity for the committee to hear directly from the Indian people on those issues and problems that you consider to be of major impor tance in the Indian field. If any of the witnesses desire to address their comments to specific legislative measures pending before the committee, this will be welcome. There is no need for me to impress upon the audience that the Indian people and the Government together are faced with a formidable challenge in their joint efforts to improve the social and economic conditions of Indian people wherever they may reside. Our committee is dedicated to fulfilling its role in this undertaking and the extent to which we are successful will depend to a large degree on the kind of record we develop through hearings such as this. (1) Because of our desire to hear testimony from as many witnesses as possible, we have requested each witness to present his testimony within a specified period of time. Your cooperation in this regard will insure that all witnesses will have an opportunity to be heard. However, I want to emphasize that your written statements and other pertinent documents submitted for the official hearing record will appear in full when the hearings are printed. Before calling the first witness, I want to express my extreme pleasure at having the opportunity to bring the subcommittee to you today and to meet many of you in person. The first witness is one of my Senate colleagues and one of my good friends in the Senate, and I might say that, outside of the Indian Affairs Subcommittee itself, there are very few people in the U.S. Senate who have concerned themselves with this problem as has Senator John Tunney. I think the people of California and the Indian people especially are very fortunate to have Senator Tunney, his efforts and energies and interests serving them in the Senate in Washington. I am very pleased to have him as the first witness and to ask him to testify if he is ready now. STATEMENT OF HON. JOHN V. TUNNEY, A U.S. SENATOR FROM THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA Senator TUNNEY. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. Let me say, speaking for myself and for many friends of mine who are Indians in California, that I and we deeply appreciate the energy you have shown since you have taken over as chairman of the Indian Affairs Subcommittee. I cannot remember if the Senate Indian Affairs Subcommittee has ever held a field hearing in California. If it has held such a hearing it has been a long, long time ago and I think that the dedication and the zeal which you have shown since you have taken over the chairmanship is something that has been desperately needed by the Indian people of our country, and these few hearings which you are holding during the recess, where you could have been vacationing, are demonstrative of your very sincere and compassionate interest in the problems of the Indian people and I want to thank you very much for giving me the opportunity to share a thought with you today. Mr. Chairman, I would like to begin my remarks by saying that I think that not only have you demonstrated leadership in bringing the hearings out to the field, giving the Indian people an opportunity to testify, but I also am strongly supportive of two pieces of legislation which you have introduced. One is the resolution to create a study commission to study Indian problems for 2 years and then make recommendations to the Congress as to what ought to be done. It has been many years since such a study has been achieved by the Congress and I think one is desperately needed. I think that what is needed with this study is one which represents the input of the Indian people rather than a study by bureaucrats in which bureaucrats talk to bureaucrats and decide among themselves what would be good for the Indian people. I recognize many problems in our country have been studied and restudied with no |