XII Preamble of the Organic Pact of the Inter-American System The Inter-American Conference for the Maintenance of Continental Peace and Security RECOMMENDS: That the Ninth International Conference of American States, in drafting the Preamble of the Organic Pact of the Inter-American System, consider the following consideranda proposed by the Delegation of Peru: "The High Contracting Parties, representing their peoples; "Determined to continue encouraging the peaceful advance of their peoples toward the complete redemption of the Continent through the constant practice of loyal and understanding cooperation, free of all ambitions of power; "Inspired by an unqualified desire to live in peace in order to dignify the life labors of the American man through the prevalence of goodness and morality and through the indispensable fulfillment of his fundamental right to tranquility and well-being; "Aware of the necessity for providing a complete and unified defense of the liberty, independence, democracy, law and the material goods accumulated within the Continent by the genius and labor of its sons; "Conscious that the provisions for defense must respect, as a natural corollary of love of peace, the strict requirements of what is necessary and appropriate to the objective, without prejudicing the fundamental principle of the American juridical structure and without contradicting the unanimous desire for peace to which this structure is dedicated" ... XIII American Educational Charter for Peace WHEREAS: The Constitution of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization establishes in its introductory clauses the following postulate: that since wars begin in the minds of men, it is in the minds of men that the bulwarks of peace should be erected, and that this Organization has the purpose of contributing to international peace and security through collaboration among the nations by means of education, science and culture, strengthening universal respect for justice, the rule of law, human rights and fundamental liberties; The Inter-American Conference on Problems of War and Peace, in its Resolution XXIX considers that peace cannot rest exclusively on political and economic measures; that the Inter-American System cannot develop and be strengthened as long as the citizens of the different Republics of this Continent are not profoundly imbued with the principles of peace, justice and equality among States and individuals, and that the Declaration of Mexico consecrates the principle that education and material well-being are indispensable to the development of democracy; For the maintenance of the peace and security of the Continent, in addition to treaties of a political and economic character, it is necessary for the American Nations to harmonize the moral standards of their educational systems with a set of principles common to all, to promote understanding and closer relations among the American. peoples and to intensify the training of citizens through a sound orientation of the will and intelligence toward the strengthening of peace, The Inter-American Conference for the Maintenance of Continental Peace and Security RESOLVES: To entrust the formulation of the American Educational Charter for Peace to the Governing Board of the Pan-American Union for presentation to the Ninth International Conference of American states for consideration and study. XIV Tribute to Senator Vandenberg The Inter-American Conference for the Maintenance of Continental Peace and Security recalls with gratitude the services rendered by Senator Arthur Vandenberg in the Committee on Regional Arrangements of the Conference of San Francisco in obtaining approval of the United States proposal, which later became Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations, by virtue of which it has been possible to conclude the first-treaty which develops the principle of collective self-defense, and it applauds the cooperation which in a lofty and comprehensive spirit he has given in the discussion of the InterAmerican Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance. XV Tribute to Minister Raul Fernandes The Inter-American Conference for the Maintenance of Continental Peace and Security, at the close of its labors, expresses its applause and recognition to His Excellency Raul Fernandes, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Brazil and President of the Conference, whose high juridical culture and outstanding statesmanship have beneficially influenced all initiatives of the Conference and forever will be associated with the spirit of the Pact which has been concluded. STATEMENTS Argentina: The Argentine Delegation declares that within the waters adjacent to the South American Continent, along the coasts belonging to the Argentine Republic in the Security Zone, it does not recognize the existence of colonies or possessions of European countries and it adds that it especially reserves and maintains intact the legitimate titles and rights of the Argentine Republic to the Falkland (Malvinas) Islands, the South Georgia Islands, the South Sandwich Islands, and the lands included in the Argentine Antarctic sector, over which the Republic exercises the corresponding sovereignty. Guatemala: Guatemala wishes to place on record that it does not recognize any right of legal sovereignty of Great Britain over the Territory of Belice, called British Honduras, included in the Security Zone, and that once again, it expressly reserves its rights, which are derived from the Constitution of the Republic, historical documents, juridical arguments and principles of equity which have on appropriate occasions been laid before the universal conscience. Mexico: Only because the Delegation of Guatemala has seen fit to make the preceding declaration, the Delegation of Mexico finds it necessary to reiterate that, in case there should occur a change in the status of Belice, there cannot fail to be taken into account the rights of Mexico to a part of the said territory, in accordance with historical and juridical precedents. Chile: The Delegation of Chile declares that, within the waters adjacent to the South American Continent, in the extension of coast belonging to the Republic of Chile, comprised within the Security Zone, it does not recognize the existence of colonies or possessions of European countries and it adds that it especially reserves and maintains intact the legitimate title and rights of the Republic of Chile to the lands included in the Chilean Antarctic zone, over which the Republic exercises the corresponding sovereignty. United States of America: With reference to the reservations made by other Delegations concerning territories located within the region defined in the Treaty, their boundaries, and questions of sovereignty over them, the Delegation of the United States of America wishes to record its position that the Treaty of Rio de Janeiro has no effect upon the sovereignty, national or international status of any of the territories included in the region defined in Article 4 of the Treaty. In witness whereof, the Plenipotentiaries listed above sign the present Final Act, in the English, French, Portuguese and Spanish languages, in the city of Rio de Janeiro, on the second of September nineteen hundred forty-seven. The Secretary General shall deposit the original in the archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Brazil, which will send certified copies to the Governments of the American Republics and to the Pan American Union. [Here follow the signatures to the Final Act.] |