formance. His persecuting predecessor had so impoverished the see, that there was scarcely a living left to it sufficient for the maintenance of a learned man. * The Capon,' he used to say, • has devoured all. To supply the want of able ministers thus occasioned, he travelled through his diocese, preaching in all parts, with exertions greater than his constitution could support. This service was needful in those times; but it was only when Jewell addressed all Christendom from his study, that his great abilities and sound learning were adequately employed. Not Paul's Cross alone, according to the prediction of Parkhurst, who lived to see his prediction verified, but all Europe also, rang from side to side, with the challenge which he delivered at that Cross in his famous sermon, calling upon the Romanists to produce any evidence that the Romish doctrine concerning the mass and the monstrous superstition connected therewith, were known during the first six hundred years of the church. That challenge was accepted, but to the utter discomfiture of his opponents: and at this very day the champions of our church may find weapons of proof ready for their use in Jewell's armoury.

When this great man was dying, he called his household about his bed, and said to them-confessing then a second time that strength had failed him in the hour of trial-It was my prayer always unto Almighty God, since I had any understanding, that I might honour his name with the sacrifice of my flesh, and confirm his truth with the oblation of this my body unto death, in defence thereof; which, seeing he 'hath not favoured me in this, yet I somewhat rejoice and solace myself, that it is worn away and exhausted in the labours of my holy calling.' Speaking too, at that solemn hour, of his works, he said, I have contended in my writings, not to detract from the credit of my adversary, nor to patronize any error (to my knowledge), nor to gain the vain applause of the world; but according to my poor abilities, to do my best service to God and his church. He had not completed his fiftieth year, but when his attendant, praying in the last hour beside his bed, came to the words · Cast me not away in the time of age,' he made this application to himself; "he is an old man, he is truly grey-headed, and his strength faileth him who lieth on his death-bed. The comprehensive elegy' upon Jewell in Abel Redivivus has been erroneously ascribed to Fuller; the compiler, and in part only, the author of that volume. Some of the poetry, he telīs us, was written by Quarles, and indeed these verses bear his stamp.

Holy learning, sacred arts,
Gifts of nature, strength of parts,

Fluent

Fluent grace, an bumble mind,
Worth reform'd, and wit refin'd;
Sweetness both in tongue and pen,
Insight both in books and men,
Hopes in woe and fears in weal,
Humble knowledge, sprightly zeal,
A liberal heart and free from gall,
Close to friend and true to all,
Height of courage in Truth's duel,
Are the stones that made this Jewel.
Let him that would be truly blest

Wear this Jewel in his breast.' But Fuller has, in another work, not less characteristically, pronounced his eulogy in prose : So devout in the pew where he prayed ; diligent in the pulpit where he preached; grave on the bench where he assisted; mild in the consistory where he judged ; pleasant at the table where he fed; patient in the bed where he died; that well it were if in relation to him secundum usum Sarum were made precedential to all posterity.' But the Romanists, with their wonted charity and their wonted truth, reported that the eloquence and power of argument which he had used to the bane of so many souls, was derived from a familiar devil, whom he kept in the shape of a favourite cat! What a contrast does the life of Jewell afford to that of St. Edmund !

The Church of England is beholden to Jewell, not for his own works alone, which were of such excellent service in his own time, but for that great work of Hooker also, which is for all ages. Hooker must have been apprenticed to some poor trade, if Jewell had not allowed a pension for his maintenance and education seven years before he was qualified for the university, and then placed and contributed to support him there. Few of our readers can be unacquainted with the instance of his playful and fatherly kindness to good Richard,' as he called him, which is so beautifully told by Izaak Walton, and which, to those who understand what these men were, and what the debt we owe to them, is perhaps the most touching recollection connected with Salisbury Cathedral;

More sweet than odours caught by him wbo sails
Near spicy shores of Araby the blest,
A thousand times more exquisitely sweet,
The freight of holy feeling which we meet

In thoughtful moments, wafted by the gales
From fields where good men walk, or bowers wherein they rest.'
Hooker was not the only object of this proper episcopal bounty,
Bis Jewell maintained several students at the university; and
had, moreover, always in his house some six or more boys taken

6

6

from humble life for their promising parts and good dispositions, to be brought up in learning. He foresaw too surely what consequences must result from the impoverishment of the church, and the consequent ignorance of the clergy, and in his own person did all that an individual could do, both by precept and example, toward averting the evil.

It would have been fortunate for Hooker if Jewell's life had been prolonged to a good old age, and it had been fortunate for the see also, which was grievously injured during Elizabeth's reign, when, through her favour, Sir Walter Raleigh despoiled it of the castle, park, and parsonage of Sherbourne ; a transaction of which that remarkable person had the sin and the shame without ever enjoying what he had so unworthily obtained. He got it,' says Sir John Harrington,' with much labour and travail, and cost, and envy, and obloquy, to him and his heirs, habendum et tenendum—but ere it came to guudendum, see what became of him!' Bishop Coldwell, who consented to this spoliation, is called by his contemporaries the second party delinquent in this plain

• . sacrilege,' and seems to have been tempted to such betrayal of his trust by habits of reckless expenditure, no bishop of Sarum having died so notoriously in debt. His friends even buried him

suddenly and secretly,' sine lur, sine crux, sine clerico, as the old by-word is, lest his body should be arrested.' The alienation was confirmed by his successor Bishop Cotton, who is excused because he must otherwise have incurred the evil of a tedious suit against a powerful enemy. He was remarkable for having nineteen children by one wife, whose name was Patience-upon which Harrington takes occasion to say, 'the name I have heard in few wives, the quality in none.'

Fuller has not stated" which bishop of Salisbury it was, who, when he held the small living of Hogginton, had to deal with ' a peremptory anabaptist.' This stiff personage said to him,

it goes against my conscience to pay you tithes, except you can show me a place of scripture whereby they are due to you.' The doctor returned,' why should it not go as much against my conscience that you should enjoy your nine parts, for which you can show no place of scripture? To whom the other rejoined, ' But I have for my land deeds and evidences from my fathers, who purchased, and were peaceably possessed thereof, by the laws of the land.' The same is my title,' said the doctor, being confirmed unto me by many statutes of the land, time out of mind.' • Thus he drove that nail, which was not of the strongest metal, or sharpest point, but which would go best for the present.' It was argumentum ad hominem fittest for the person he was to meddle with, who afterwards peaceably paid his tithes unto him.' This

may

6

6

may probably have been Bishop Davenant, who was a Cambridge man, and was raised to that see on his return from the synod of Dort. Davenant left to his college a rent-charge of thirty-one pounds ten shillings, for the founding of two Bible clubs, and to purchase books for the use of the college.

During the calamitous years of the Great Rebellion the see was held by Duppa, who proved himself alike worthy of his station in prosperous and in adverse times. Among the many legacies which he bequeathed for charitable and religious purposes, was one of £500 to be expended in the repair of Salisbury Cathedral. The sum appears to have been ill-spent in what Mr. Britton notices as some

material but not very tasteful alterations' in the choir. There was no want of munificence in the bishops of that age. During the short time that Exeter was held by the villainous Gauden, he, in his impatience to be translated to a richer see, left both the Bishop's Palace and the Cathedral as he found them; the former in possession of a sugar-baker, and 'put to the sweet use of that trade; the latter divided between the Presbyterians and Independents, and disfigured in the manner of a Scotch cathedral. And there were shops in it! That base impostor was not permitted to enjoy the fruits of his wickedness. Soon after his departure the leases fell in unexpectedly, (for he had complained that neither rent nor fine were expectable for a long time in any such proportion as could support him ;') and his successor, Seth Ward, from the funds which were thus at his disposal, expended nearly £25,000 upon the cathedral. Bishop Ward carried with him the same spirit when he was removed to Salisbury. There he employed Sir Christopher Wren to survey the cathedral, and repaired both it and the palace at his own expense. There too he built and endowed his College of Matrons, for the support of ten clergymen's widows. A college he named it , and used to express his dislike if at any time he heard it called an hospital; for, said he,' many of these persons are well descended, and have lived in good reputation. I would not have it said of them that they were reduced to an hospital, but retired to a college, which has a more honourable sound. There was the grace as well as the virtue of charity in this-qualities which man has too often put asunder, when they never ought to be divorced.

Ward just lived till the Revolution. Of the bishops who have held the see since that epoch, it is sufficient to mention Burnet, Hoadley, Sherlock and Douglas, as names which must always be conspicuous in the history of the English church, and in English literature. To these the name of Burgess may now be added. It has been our fortune to differ in opinion from this exemplary prelate upon certain disputed points of criticism; but with far greater satisfaction do we bear testimony to his erudition, his beneficence, and that regard to the interests of his diocese, which will long be remembered and felt in the diocese of St. David's. The records of every English cathedral are not less rich in the names of men, who having ably and well discharged their duties while they lived, have in like manner left their works and their example to posterity—a reflection of which Englishmen might well be proud, if gratitude were not the emotion which we ought to feel toward that Providence under which the Church of England has been cleared of Romish superstitions, and delivered from Romish tyranny; raised from its ruins when it had been overthrown by sectarian madness; and from that time upheld in peace, to the blessing of these kingdoms.

Concerning the alterations in Salisbury Cathedral, which were made when the late excellent Bishop of Durham held that see, and which called forth so much discussion some thirty years ago, Mr. Britton has rather intimated than expressed his opinion. This good has arisen from the injury which was done there, that in subsequent undertakings of the same kind, the architect has come to his work with greater respect for the structures upon which he was employed, and a mind more embued with the principles of Gothic architecture. A beautiful example of this may be seen at Winchester, where every thing that has been done is consonant to the character of the building. Nevertheless it should seem that these national monuments, for such pre-eminently they are, ought, as such, to be under national superintendence. Most of them have funds for keeping them in repair; there is now little danger that these funds should be diverted from their proper purpose, (as they sometimes have been in former times,) nor that, when directed to the use for which they were appropriated, they should be injudiciously and injuriously applied." But these funds do not exist in every instance, nor are they always adequate to the required expenditure; and moreover there are other churches, originally of the same class, which when they lost their rank, were despoiled of their revenues also, and which are now suffering from time so greatly, that if their decay remain much longer unremedied, it must become irremediable. There is Hexham, for example, which for our own honour, as well as in becoming respect to our forefathers, ought to be preserved, while it is yet possible to preserve it. May we not then venture to suggest that these monuments of elder piety and of surpassing art, have a claim upon that national liberality which, not with the assent merely, but with the approbation of all parties in the state, has of late years most worthily been displayed in enriching our national collections with those treasures which it becomes a great