SUGGESTIONS TO AUTHORS AND EDITORS This Style Manual is intended to facilitate Government printing. Careful observation of the following suggestions will aid materially in expediting publication and reducing printing expenditures. As a general rule, copy will be printed in conformity with this Style Manual, unless otherwise authorized by the Public Printer. Copy should be carefully edited in accordance with the style here laid down before being sent to the Government Printing Office. Changes on proof sheets add greatly to the expense and delay the work. Copy should be sent flat, with the sheets numbered consecutively, and typewritten, if possible, on one side of the paper only unless reprint. If both sides of reprint copy are to be used, a duplicate must be furnished if available. Each page should begin with a paragraph. If a paragraph runs over to another sheet, the sheets will be cut and pasted by the copy editor to retain the paragraph intact. Tabular matter should be written on sheets separate from the text, as it is handled separately during composition. Legible copy, not faint carbon copies, must be furnished. This is most essential for copy in foreign languages and copy containing figures. Proper names, foreign words, and technical terms should be written plainly and verified. Signatures and figures should be written plainly. Manuscript and typewritten copy in a foreign language should be marked accurately to show capitalization, punctuation, accents, etc. Reference marks in text and tables should be arranged consecutively from left to right across each page. (See table, p. 86.) Photographs, drawings, etc., for illustrations should accompany the manuscript, each bearing the name of the publication in which it is to be inserted and the figure or plate number. The proper place for each text figure should be indicated on the copy by inserting its number and title. A requisition for work containing illustrations must be accompanied by a letter certifying that the illustrations are necessary and relate entirely to the transaction of public business (U.S.C., title 44, sec. 118). The total number of illustrations and the processes of reproduction desired should also be indicated. Instructions should be given on the margin of each illustration if enlargement or reduction is necessary. If a publication is composed of several parts, a scheme of the desired arrangement must accompany the first installment of the copy. Samples should be furnished if possible. They should be plainly marked, showing whether they illustrate the desired style of type, size of type page, paper, trim, lettering, or binding. All corrections should be made on first proofs submitted, as later proofs are intended for verification only. Plate corrections will be made only when absolutely necessary. 27672°-33-1 1 Corrections should be marked on the margins of a proof sheet opposite the indicated errors, not by writing over the print or between the lines. All queries on proof must be answered. Corrections in proofs read by authors or department readers must be indicated as follows: 6. C. 712 1 stet. tr It does not appear that the earliest printers had e any method of correcting errors before the form was on the press/ The learned The learned correctors of the first two centuries of printing were notproofreaders in our sense/they were rather what we should erm office editors. Their labors not were chiefly to see that the proof corresponded to the copy, but that the printed page was correct in its latinity that the words were there, and that the sense was right. They cared but little. about orthography, bad letters or purely printer errors, and when the text seemed to them wrong they consulted fresh authorities or altered it on their own responsibility. Good proofs in the mot# modern sense, were possible until professional readers were employed/ men who had first a r. printer's education, and then spent many years in the correction of proof. The orthography of English, which for the past century has under gone little change, was very fluctuating until after the publication of Johnson's Dictionary, and capitals, which have been used with considerable reg-lead ularity for the past 80 years, were previously used i tr. on the miss for hit plan. The approach to reguit larity, so far as we have may be attributed to the growth of a class of professional proofreaders, and it is to them that we owe the correctness of modern printing. More erfors have been found in the Bible than in any other one work. For many gen lead. erations it was frequently the case that Bibles were brought out stealthily, from fear of govern[mental interference. They were frequently Out; see copy. printed from imperfect texts, and were often modified to meet the views of those who publised them.The story is related that a certain woman in Germany, who was the wife of a printer, and had become disgusted with the continual asser コ h l.c./ who 3/f/rom. tiong of the superiority of man over woman which she had heard, hurried into the composing room gland in 1632, in printing the seventh commandment |