Hearings

Expressing the sense of the House with respect to the establishment of an international consortium under the auspices of the United Nations for the purpose of controlling illicit traffic in drugs:

Mr. Podell (for himself, Mr. Udall, Mr. Mikva, Mr. Rees, and Mr. Clark), H. Res. 117.

For the control of international traffic in drugs:

Mr. Mailliard (for himself, Mr. Morgan, Mr. Fascell, Mr. Gallagher, Mr.
Monagan, Mr. Frelinghuysen, and Mr. Broomfield), H. Con. Res. 129.
Mr. Talcott, H. Con. Res. 180.

To amend sec. 620 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to suspend, in whole or in part, economic and military assistance and certain sales to any country which fails to take appropriate steps to prevent narcotic drugs produced or processed, in whole or in part, in such country from entering the United States unlawfully, and to restrict immigration from and travel to any such country: Mr. Murphy of New York, H.R. 9387.

Relative to control of the production and traffic in illegal drugs:

Mr. Frey (for himself, Mr. Biester, Mr. du Pont, Mr. Halpern, Mr. Hastings, Mr. Hogan, Mr. Keating, Mr. Kemp, Mr. Lent, Mr. McClory, Mr. McKevitt, Mr. McKinney, Mr. Peyser, Mr. Ruth, Mr. Schneebeli, and Mr. Steele), H. Con. Res. 352.

To amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to provide for international drug control assistance:

Mr. Scheuer, H.R. 7492; Mr. Scheuer (for himself, Mr. Badillo, Mr. Blackburn, Mr. Burke of Massachusetts, Mr. Cleveland, Mr. Collins of Illinois, Mr. Cotter, Mr. Drinan, Mr. Dulski, Mr. Eckhardt, Mr. Edwards of California, Mr. Fraser, Mr. Halpern, Mr. Horton, Mr. Metcalfe, Mr. Mikva, Mr. Morse, and Mr. Rees), H.R. 7906; Mr. Scheuer (for himself, Mr. Corman, Mr. Harrington, Mr. McCormack, and Mr. Meeds), H.R. 8012; Mr. Scheuer (for himself and Mr. Riegle), H.R. 8171; Mr. Scheuer (for himself and Mr. Begich), H.R. 8262.

To amend sec. 620 of the Foreign Assistance of Act of 1961 to prohibit foreign assistance from being provided to foreign countries which do not act to prevent narcotic drugs from unlawfully entering the United States:

Mr. Hamilton, H.R. 6137; Mr. Rangel, H.R. 6709; Mr. Rangel, H.R. 6882; Mr. Griffin, H.R. 7582.

Mr. Rangel (for himself, Mr. Hamilton, Mr. Dellums, Mrs. Abzug, Mr. Adams, Mr. Baring, Mr. Bell, Mr. Brasco, Mr. Byrne of Pennsylvania, Mrs. Chisholm, Mr. Clay, Mr. Cleveland, Mr. Collins of Illinois, Mr. Conyers, Mr. Diggs, Mr. Dingell, Mr. Dulski, Mr. Esch, Mr. Fauntroy, Mr. Fulton of Pennsylvania, Mr. Galifianakis, Mr. Gaydos, Mr. Gibbons, Mr. Gray, and Mr. Halpern), H.R. 7820; Mr. Hamilton (for himself, Mr. Dellums, Mr. Rangel, Mr. Harrington, Mr. Hawkins, Mr. Hechler of West Virginia, Mr. Helstoski, Mr. Henderson, Mr. Hillis, Mr. Hogan, Mr. Horton, Mr. Jacobs, Mr. Keating, Mr. Kee, Mr. Metcalfe, Mr. Mikva, Mrs. Mink, Mr. Mitchell, Mr. Moorhead, Mr. Nix, Mr. Obey, Mr. Perkins, Mr. Pike, Mr. Podell, and Mr. Preyer of North Carolina), H.R. 7821.

Mr. Dellums (for himself, Mr. Rangel, Mr. Hamilton, Mr. Rarick, Mr. Riegle, Mr. Roncalio, Mr. Rostenkowski, Mr. Roush, Mr. Roy, Mr. Roybal, Mr. Runnels, Mr. Ruppe, Mr. Ryan, Mr. Schwengel, Mr. Stokes, Mr. Van Deerlin, Mr. Charles H. Wilson. Mr. Wolff. Mr. Zion, and Mr. Badillo). H.R. 7822: Mr. Hamilton (for himself, Mr. Rangel, Mr. Dellums. Mr. Burke of Massachusetts, Mr. Frenzel, Mr. Hungate, Mr. Leggett, Mr. Link, Mr. Miller of Ohio, Mr. Rosenthal, Mr. Sarbanes, Mr. St Germain, and Mr. Seiberling), H.R. 8093; Mr. Sisk, H.R. 8949; Mr. Rangel (for himself and Mr. Gude), H.R. 9194.

To amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, relating to U.S. contributions to international organizations and programs, to provide a program to control illegal international traffic in. Mr. Minish, H.R. 3831.

To amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, to provide for programs of assistance to restrict and eliminate illegal international traffic in. Mr. Halpern, H.R. 9607.

To curb illegal production and illegal international traffic in narcotics and dangerous drugs. Mr. Minish, H. Con. Res. 179.

To provide for increased international control of the production of and traffic in, opium, and for other purposes, Mr. Rangel, H.R. 4608.

(Following is an analysis and summary of the major types of bills listed above:)

The legislation referred to the Subcommittee on Europe deals with the problems connected with the illegal international control of the production of, and traffic in, narcotics.

Basically these bills fall into two general categories: those that would require the President to discontinue economic and military assistance to any country which fails to cooperate with the United States in its effort to control the illegal entry of narcotics into the United States and those that would direct the President to take action in the United Nations and in other international organizations to gain widespread support in this area. There are at least 200 sponsors and co-sponsors of the various legislative proposals referred to the Subcommittee. There are, however, different approaches taken to achieve these -objectives.

Following is a brief description of each type of bill, listing the prinicipal

sponsor:

a. The Rodino Amendment

The Rodino amendment would amend section 620 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 by adding a new subsection (v).

It would direct the President to discontinue economic and military assistance, sales under Title I of P.L. 480 to any country when the President determines that that country has failed to take appropriate steps to stop nartcoties produced in whole or in part in that country from entering the United Sates. The suspension shall continue until the President determines that such country has taken appropriate steps to control the illegal production of, and traffic in, narcotics.

The amendment would authorize the President to assist foreign countries in their efforts to prevent unlawful entry of drugs into the United States.

There have been 28 bills of this type referred to the Subcommittee. They are H.R. 1539, 4412, 4413, 4414, 4415, 4416, 5032, 5713, all introduced by Rodino with 121 co-sponsors.

In addition, H.R. 129, 250, 364, 1168, 1367, 2491, 3125, 3239, 3326, 3581, 4108, 4146, 4362, 4373, 4384, 4609, 4505, 7410, 7426, 7472 were submitted by other Members.

b. The Hamilton Amendment

(1) The Hamilton amendment would require the Comptroller General to review annually the effectivenss of measures being taken by each foreign country to prevent narcotic drugs, produced in whole or in part in such country from entering the United States and whether that country has taken effective measures to prevent narcotic drugs from entering the United States. A report would be submitted to the Congress not later than March 31 each year.

(2) If a foreign country has not taken appropriate action to control the illegal production and traffic in narcotics within 90 days all economic assistance shall be discontinued unless the President

(a) Finds that such country is cooperating, or

(b) Finds that the overriding national interest of the U.S. requires that aid be continued, or he may ask Congress to waive the provisions of this Act. (3) The President is authorized to assist foreign countries in their efforts to prevent the unlawful entry of narcotic drugs into the United States.

There have been 8 bills of this type referred to the Subcommittee. They are H.R. 6137 and 7821 with 24 co-sponsors submitted by Mr. Hamilton. H.R. 6709, 6882, and 7820 with 24 co-sponsors submitted by Mr. Rangel; H.R. 7822 by Mr. Dellums with 19 co-sponsors, and H.R. 7582 and 7771.

c. The Minish Amendment (H.R. 3831)

The Minish Amendment would amend Chapter 3 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, relating to U.S. contributions to international organizations and programs to provide for a program to control illegal traffic in narcotics.

It would:

1. Earmark 10 per cent of the annual U.S. contribution to the U.N. Development Program to establish a multilateral fund to support activities designed to end the illegal traffic in narcotics;

2. Require the President to direct the Permanent U.S. Representative to the United Nations to support this multilateral undertaking;

3. Require the President to direct the Permanent U.S. Representative to the U.N. to prepare a protocol to the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotics which would empower the United Nations to collect, investigate and publish information relating to illegal production and traffic in narcotics.

4. Express the sense of the Congress that economic assistance furnished under Section 201 should take into consideration the contribution that each country is making toward the international control of narcotics. It is also the sense of the Congress that the President consider withholding assistance from those countries which fail to cooperate.

d. The Rangel Bill (H.R. 4608)

The Rangel bill would provide for increased international control in the production of, and traffic in, opium. It would be called the "International Opium Control Act."

(1) The bill would urge the President to enter into negotiations with foreign countries in order to provide for a uniform international system of enforcement standards and penalties for illegal opium producers and traffickers.

(2) Would require the U.S. to propose the creation of a special opium control staff to investigate and propose specific actions to eliminate production of and traffic in opium.

(3) Establish a Committee composed of the Under Secretaries of executive departments who are engaged in the enforcement of laws dealing with the production, processing, selling, or use of opium in order to coordinate U.S. activities on the international narcotics control organizations.

(4) Urges the President to enter into negotiations to

(a) obtain authority for the staff of such organization to conduct investigations in member countries;

(b) further cooperation and coordination between the staff and law enforcement agencies in the member countries;

The Rangel bill also amends the Foreign Assistance Act by adding a new Title III (A) entitled "Opium Control." It authorizes the President

(1) to provide assistance to any friendly country to assist in the elimination of the production of opium. Such assistance shall help

(a) such country develop substitute crops;

(b) provide employment opportunities for those who become unemployed as a result of eliminating poppy growing;

(2) curtail Foreign Assistance if the President determines that country is permitting traffic to continue, he must cut off aid and seek international sanctions against that country through the United Nations.

(3) creates an Executive Committee on International Opium Control. The Committee will be composed of the Secretary of State as Chairman, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Attorney General, and one Senator and one Representative from each party and two members to be appointed by the President from public life. The Committee shall study what other countries are doing and shall report no later than February 1 of each year with its findings and legislative proposals. Expenses of the Committee shall be paid by the Secretary of State from funds otherwise available under the Foreign Assistance Act.

e. The Scheuer Amendment

The Scheuer amendment would amend the Foreign Assistance Act by adding a new Title III (A)-"International Drug Control Assistance." It would (a) Authorize the President to furnish assistance to any friendly country to encourage that country to control or eliminate the production, processing or distribution of narcotics or psychotropics within its boundaries and to any

international organization such as the U.N. Special Drug Abuse Control Fund for such purposes.

(b) Any assistance so provided would be used to

(1) assist in developing suitable alternate crops,

(2) provide employment opportunities for those displaced as a result of such action.

(3) strengthen law enforcement capabilities in such countries, and to (4) Develop treatment, rehabilitation and preventive education programs. There have been 3 bills of this type referred to the Subcommittee: H.R. 7492 and 8012 by Mr. Scheuer, and H.R. 7906 by Mr. Scheuer and 17 co-sponsors.

f. H. Res. 117, by Congressman Bertram Podell, states that the President, acting through the U.S. Delegation to the United Nations, should propose the establishment of an International Consortium for the Control of Narcotics Production under the auspices of the United Nations. Such international control program should provide for the payment of direct subsidies to poppy growers for the growing of other crops. Such program would also include preemptive buying of opium and its derivatives. The costs would be shared by all members of the Consortium.

g. The Mailliard Concurrent Resolution

The Mailliard resolution would encourage the President to

(1) direct the Permanent U.S. Representative to the United Nations to support international efforts to control the illegal production of, and traffic in, narcotics. (2) direct the Permanent U.S. Representative to the United Nations to urge the U.N. to give prompt consideration to strengthening the 1961 Single Convention. The resolution also expresses the sense of the Congress that in furnishing assistance under Section 201 of the Foreign Assistance Act, the President should take into account the contribution that each country is making to control the production of and traffic in narcotics.

There have been 3 resolutions of this type referred to the Subcommittee: H. Con. Res. 129, 179, and 180. H. Con. Res. 129 has been co-sponsored by Congressmen Thomas E. Morgan, Dante B. Fascell, Cornelius E. Gallagher, John S. Monagan, Peter H. B. Frelinghuysen, and William S. Broomfield.