Rational BuildingMacmillan and Company, 1894 - 367 pages |
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Common terms and phrases
abaci abacus abutment adopted aisles angle Anglo-Norman apse architects architecture archivolts arranged building buttress capital carry Cathedral centimetres centre Chalons-sur-Marne chancel chapels choir church circular civil column composed construction constructors corbels cradle-vaults curve Dame diagonal arches diameter Dijon dome drawing edifices equilibrium exterior extrados facing Figure filling filling-stones flying-buttress France gable gallery give Gothic architecture Gothic builders Gothic vaults horizontal projection Ile-de-France impost interior intersection intrados lintel lower bed masonry materials means method metres Middle Ages monuments mortar nave necessary oblique obtain open-work outer piers pillars pointed arch pressure principle radius resistance result ribs Roman groined vault Romanesque roof rows of stones semicircle semicircular arch skew-backs soffites solid story structure surface thick thirteenth century thrust tion transverse arch triangles triforium twelfth century upper Urbain vertical voussoirs wall wall-arches weight wish
Popular passages
Page 292 - Renaissance in the end of the twelfth and the beginning of the thirteenth century...
Page 15 - ... Because they could gather together at one place a number of men (monks) united by a single paramount thought, subject to discipline, freed from military service, and possessors, in the name of the Church, of the land on which they lived. 2. Because the religious orders acquired property and improved it under a regular administration; because they joined in amicable intercourse with neighboring establishments; because they plowed the uncultivated lands, laid out roads, and with the fruits and...
Page 42 - ... building, given certain material conditions and limitations. 'The adoption of the pointed arch was surely the result of observations which the builders had made upon the dislocation of semi-circular arches. Some had been pleased to see in the use of the pointed arch a symbolical or mystical idea; they had pretended to demonstrate that these arches had a deeper religious meaning than the semi-circular arch. But men were quite as religious at the beginning of the twelfth century as at the end,...
Page 194 - ... buildings and I would not guarantee that they would not sooner have arrived at results more judicious and more logical than those obtained in our time, for they would have taken that substance frankly for what it is, profiting by all the advantages that it presents and without trying to give it other forms than those appropriate to it.
Page 231 - Part of this edifice fell down less than a century after the completion of the choir ; and yet it was designed in such a way as to enable it to stand for centuries. This disaster, which has completely altered its character, was due to...
Page 281 - ... apartments; to make- lateral corridors obstruct all the light from one of the faces of the building ; staircases cut across the middle of window openings ; mezzanine stories at the expense of large windows, so that a given architectural style, Fig.
Page 2 - The methods of the constructor must necessarily vary according to the nature of the materials, the means at his disposal, the requirements which he must satisfy, and the civilization in the midst of which he is placed.
Page 318 - The architecture and the construction of the Middle Ages cannot be separated, for that architecture is nothing else than a form commanded by that very construction. There is not a member, however minute it be...
Page 80 - ... Viollet-le-Duc had determined to exploit the underlying principles of Gothic in the terms of the new materials now available. 'Gothic', he says, 'is primarily a useful study because it establishes true principles to which we ought to submit today. If the Gothic builders had had at their disposal cast iron in large pieces, they would have availed themselves eagerly of this sure means of obtaining supports as slender as possible yet rigid, and perhaps they would have used it with more skill than...
Page 294 - C are exterior openings communicating by a throat with the air inlets intended to give a vigorous draft to the fire built on an elevated grate and to establish a sufficient 1 See