...international law is concerned with the actions of sovereign states, and provides no punishment for individuals ("crimes against international law are committed by...abstract entities, and only by punishing individuals . . . can . . . international law be enforced"), and that the defendants were under Hitler's orders...

...sovereign States, and provides no punishment for individuals . . . these contentions must be rejected. . . Crimes against international law are committed by...crimes can the provisions of international law be enforced.1 This statement was in the nature of an explanatory gloss upon the provision of Article 6...

...submission that violations of international law could not be attributed to individuals, said: 'Grimes against international law are committed by men, not...crimes can the provisions of international law be enforced.'2 The realization that, in the matter of observance of the obligations of international law,...

...international law is concerned with states and not individuals and their punishment, the Tribunal declared: "Crimes against international law are committed by...crimes, can the provisions of international law be enforced".140 Answering the contention of the accused that as high officials of the German State they...

...for which there was to be individual responsibility, while in its judgment the Tribunal emphasized limitation maritime et délimitation terrestre 1021...Unies sur le Droit de la Mer 1027 Index 1037 Pref enforced'.84 Article I of the Draft Code of Offences against the Peace and Security of Mankind, 1954,...

...however, adopt the basic principle of individual responsibility laid down in the Nurnberg judgment: Crimes against international law are committed by...crimes can the provisions of international law be enforced.24 The ILC took note of Assembly resolution 489 (V) of December 12, 1950 whereby a committee...

...the status, rights and duties of enemy nations as well as enemy individuals.102 It followed, then, the Tribunal concluded, that "[c]rimes against international...crimes can the provisions of international law be enforced."103 The Tribunal further suggested that Article 228 of the Versailles Treaty, referred to...

...recognized..." stated the International Military Tribunal in its judgement in Nuremberg in 1946, holding that "crimes against international law are committed by men, not by abstract entities."3 One can no longer hold such a view to be controversial, the debate over whether the individual...

...issue that was dealt with at Nuremberg. In its judgment the Nuremberg Tribunal expressed the dictum: "Crimes against international law are committed by...crimes can the provisions of international law be enforced."41 Supporters of ratification successfully rebuffed attempts to rewrite the convention to...

...not direct subjects of international laws of war, the Nuremberg International Military Tribunal held: "Crimes against international law are committed by...crimes can the provisions of international law be enforced."38 Clearly, what these cases suggest is that, not only do individuals have obligations under...