INDEX

A

Absolutism; of Hobbes, 43, 44; of Schopenhauer, 43; according
to Kant, 43, 44, 125-128; to Locke, 44.

Alexander I. of Russia; So.

Alexander the Great; 31, 103.

Alsace-Lorraine; annexation of, 90; 92, 95.

Ambrose, Saint; 15.

Amphictyonic League; 16, 22.

Aquinas, Thomas; on fighting clergy, 18; on war, 18, 19.
Arbitration; as a substitute for war, 79, 81, 87; difficulties settled
by, 80; where it is useless, 82, 83, 86.

Aristotle; on war, 7, 8; and rights of an enemy, ib.; 31; on the
relation between politics and ethics, 162.

Cicero; on the conduct of war, 22; 41.

Clement of Alexandria; 15.

Clergy, fighting; Origen on, 14, 15; Wycliffe, 18; Erasmus, ib.;
Aquinas, ib.

Cobden, Richard; 64.

Corvinus, Matthias; 109.

Cowper, William; 5, 38, 123.

Crusades, wars of the; 16, 103.

D

Dante, Alighieri; on mediation, 46; on universal monarchy, 68, 69.
Disarmament; 88-93; Czar's proposal of, 90; practicability of,
90-93.

Dubois, Cardinal; 36.

E

Empire; of Rome, 9, 20, 68; world-, spiritual, 23, 32, 69; of
Alexander the Great, 31, 68; Frankish, 69; Holy Roman 69;
of Napoleon I., 69.

Erasmus, Desiderius; and European peace, 17; on war, 18, 19; on
fighting clergy, 18; 32.

F

Farrar, J. A.: 18.

Federation; Kant's idea of, 60, 68, 69, 128—137; 88, 92, 93, 95,

97; probable results of, 98, 99; 100, 134.

Fichte, J. G.; 69, 99.

Finland; 92, 95.

Fischer, Kuno; 62, 67.

Fleury, Cardinal; 55.

Frederick the Great; 66, 126.

G

Gentilis, Albericus; 21, 32.

Golden Age; 3, 41.

Government; origin of, according to Plato, 5; according to Hume,
5, 52; to Cowper, 5, 6; to Hobbes, 40—42, 118, 119; to Kant,
51-54, 152-154; to Rousseau, 52; to Locke, 53; representative,
65-68, 120, 121, 124–128.

Greeks; their attitude to other nations, 7; to an enemy, ib.; their
Sacred Wars, 16; the Amphictyonic League, 16.

Grotius, Hugo; his De Jure Belli et Pacis, 24-27; and the Fus
Gentium, 24, 25; and the Law of Nature, 25; on peace, 27;
32, 40, 131.

H

Hague Conference (1899); 86, 90.

Hegel, G. W. F.; 57; on war, 71, 72, 75.
Henry IV. of France; 30, 32, 33, 36.

Hobbes, Thomas; his theory of the state of nature and origin of
government, 4, 40-42, 51, 118, 119, 133; 6, 26, 27, 28, 37;
his influence on Kant, 40, 46; his views on revolution, 41, 188;
of the relations between states, 43—46, 128, 131; on the
conduct of war, 45; 89, 120, 124, 159.

Holls, Fred. W.; 86.

Hooker, Richard; 52; on the depravity of man, 173.

Hume, David; on the origin of government, 5, 52; on the state
of nature, 40, 41; on the original contract, 52; 108, 109, 162.

I

International Law; the development of, 20-24; its connection
with the Reformation, 21, 24; in Greece and Rome, 22, 23.
Intervention; 64, 93, 94, 112, 113.

J

Jews; war among the, 9-11; their dream of peace, 32.
Justin; 15.

K

Kant, Immanuel; 26, 37; his indebtedness to earlier political
writers, 40, 46; his theory of human development, 47-49; and
how this is possible, 49-51, 54; on the foundation of the state,
51-54, 152-154; the relations between states and individuals,
54, 55, 117-120, 128, 173, 174; the necessity for reform within
the state, 55, 56, 168; the political and social conditions of his
time, 57-59; his attitude to war, 58, 133, 135, 136, 137, 149—
151; on the growing power of commerce, 59, 65, 142, 157; his
idea of federation, 60, 68, 69, 128-137, 192; and ideal of
perpetual peace, 61, 129, 196; the conditions of its realization,
62-69; on representative and other constitutions, 65-68, 120—
128, 152, 153, 167; his opinion of the English constitution, 66;
his disapproval of universal monarchy, 68, 69, 155, 156; 79,
83, 89, 100, 105; on the right of way, 137-142; on nature's
guarantee of a perpetual peace, 143-157; on the relation
between politics and morals, 161-196; on revolution, 167, 168,
186-188.

Laveleye, Émile de; 81.

Lawrence, T. J.; 9, 78, 81.

L

Leibniz, Gottfried W.; 36; his criticism of St. Pierre, 37, 38; 58, 106.
Locke, John; and the golden age, 3, 4; on the original contract,

53; on revolution, 53, 188; 67, 133.

Lorimer, James; 34, 80.

Louis Philippe; 76.

Luther, Martin; on war, 19.

M

Machiavelli, Nicolo; 162.

Maine, Henry; on Grotius and the Jus Gentium, 24, 25.

Maistre, Joseph de; 71.

Martineau, James; 102.

Mennonites; and war, 14.

Military service; of Christians, 14, 16, 18, 19; compulsory, 89;

voluntary, III.

Mill, John Stuart; 80.

Moltke, Graf von; 71, 73-75.

Monarchy, universal; the ideal of Dante, 68, 69; disapproved by
Kant, 68, 69, 155, 156; and Fichte, 69.

Montesquieu, Baron de; on self-preservation, 83; on armed peace,
88; 159.

More, Thomas; 32.

Morley, John; 3.

N

Napoleon Bonaparte; Empire of, 69; 71, 72, 76, 77.

Napoleon, Louis; 80.

National Debt; 63, 64, 111, 112.

Origen; on military service, 14, 15.

Original Contract; 40; as understood by Rousseau, 52; by Hobbes,
52, 53; by Hooker, 52; by Hume, ib.; by Kant, ib.; by Locke, 53.

Paris Congress (1856); 86.

P

Paulsen, Friedrich; 43, 52, 53, 66, 78.

Peace, perpetual; the dream of, 29-33: projects of, by Penn, 30;
by Henry IV., 30, 33, 34; by St. Pierre, 30, 32, 34-37; Rousseau's
attitude to, 38-40; 106; for Kant an ideal, 61, 129; the articles
of, 62-69; 107-142, 158-160; the guarantee of, 143-157.
Peace Societies; 70, 75, 78, 79, 80, 86, 87; and disarmament, 88;
96, 97, 100, 101, 102.

Penn, William; 30.

Plato; on the origin of the state, 5; on war, 8; 41; on the relation
between ethics and politics, 162.

Poland; 92, 93, 95.