Senator MCCARTHY. Senator, I am giving you the evidence. You can evaluate it.

Senator FULBRIGHT. I haven't seen any evidence yet.

Senator MCCARTHY. Just a minute; just a minute. I am telling you that we are giving you the information to show that he sponsored a dinner put on by a Communist-front organization. This is just part of the history, a small part of it, you understand. If this were the only evidence against Jessup, I certainly would not be in here urging that you turn down his appointment. But this is not the only evidence.

Senator FULBRIGHT. I can't follow you that if these individual cases don't amount to anything, if you put a lot of them together, then that makes it amount to something. There has to be something in each one of these cases, it seems to me-active participation in the organizations that were subversive. The fact that there were a number of zeros doesn't make it amount to one if you put them all together. There has to be some substance to each one of your pieces of evidence.

Senator MCCARTHY. If the Senator considers it as zero that a man belongs to one Communist front, then I waste my time presenting to him any evidence.

Senator FULBRIGHT. Are you going to answer my question? I am asking the questions.

Senator MCCARTHY. I am going to.
Senator FULBRIGHT. You are arguing.

Senator MCCARTHY. I am going to finish my answer. me a question and I am going to answer that question. whether I considered these zeros.

Senator FULBRIGHT. I did not. I didn't ask ered them.

You asked

You asked

you what you consid

Senator MCCARTHY. The answer is that they are important links in the entire chain. If the Senator considers belonging to an organization which has been cited three times by congressional committees as a front forum doing the work of the Communist Party, if the Senator considers that a zero in the evidence against Jessup, then I am wasting my time on this side.

Senator FULBRIGHT. I asked you if you knew whether he was a member of the institute, and you will not answer. You don't know. I asked you, Is he a member of the American Russian Institute?

Senator MCCARTHY. I told you, Senator, that the only evidence of his affiliation with the American Russian Institute which I have is being presented to you today. That is that he sponsored this dinner for a Communist-front organization.

Now, I am about to read the description of this organization. Senator FULBRIGHT. Before you read that, I think we should clarify .what part he played in it. Is all that you know he did, that is, he allowed his name to be used as a sponsor for a dinner?

Senator MCCARTHY. This indicates that he sponsored the dinner. That is the only evidence we have with regard to this particular Communist front.

Senator FULBRIGHT. Do you know whether he attended the dinner or not?

Senator McCARTHY, I do not know that he attended the dinner.

89965-51-2

Senator FULBRIGHT. You readily admit that many of those named on here are considered to be very outstanding citizens?

Senator MCCARTHY. I have told you that about 10 times, Senator. I repeat it again.

Senator FULBRIGHT. Do you know of his participation in this particular dinner?

Senator MCCARTHY. Let's take your first question. You have asked me a question which I have answered 10 times. I will answer it again. You said, "Do you know there are names of some good people amongst the sponsors?" I have said over and over and over again that that

is true.

Senator FULBRIGHT. You don't need to say it again.

Senator MCCARTHY. They would not be successful unless they could get some good people who loaned their names.

Senator FULBRIGHT. I want to know if there is anything else. Is this all that shows his affiliation with this institute?

Senator MCCARTHY. With this particular Communist front, I told you three times; yes.

Senator FULBRIGHT. All right. That is all. You do not know whether he attended the dinner.

Senator MCCARTHY. You have heard me answer that, Senator. Senator SPARKMAN. I think we can proceed without arguing. Just answer the questions.

Senator MCCARTHY. Senator, I will answer them as I think they should be answered.

If the Chair decides to strike the answer, O: K.

Senator SPARKMAN. We are not making decisions to strike any answers, but I am just afraid that by the haggling between the two tables, we are simply delaying the hearing. I think we can ask understandable questions that can be answered briefly and in an understandable manner.

Let's proceed on that basis.

Senator MCCARTHY. I hope the committee does, otherwise it is reminiscent of another committee before which I appeared some time

ago.

Official citations: American Russian Institute for Cultural Relations with the Soviet Union (also known as the American Russian Institute).

Citation of the California State Legislative Committee on Un-American Activities, report 1948, pages 169 and 327 :

"A direct agent of the Soviet Union, engaged in traitorous activities under the orders of Stalin's consular service in the United States. Founded in 1926 * * * the semiofficial status of the American Russian Institute is established."

Then again, the Massachusetts House Committee on Un-American Activities cited it as "A Communist Organization supported by 'intellectuals.'"

COORDINATING COMMITTEE TO LIFT THE SPANISH EMBARGO

Communist front No. 3: The Coordinating Committee To Lift the Spanish Embargo.

Official citations: Coordinating Committee To Lift the Spanish Embargo. Cited as "one of a number of front organizations, set up during the Spanish Civil War by the Communist Party in the United States and through which the party carries on a great deal of agitation."

That citation is from the Special Congressional Committee on UnAmerican Activities, House of Representatives, report, March 29, 1944, pages 137 and 138.

It was again cited as a Communist front by the California State Legislative Committee on Un-American Activities, report, 1947. I believe that is on page 210.

Communist front No. 4.

PROCEDURAL QUESTIONS

Senator SPARKMAN. Wait; I want to ask some questions.

Senator FULBRIGHT. I want to raise a point. If all we are going to do is to read out statements without making certain there was any substantial affiliation between Mr. Jessup and the organizations concerned, I do not see that we do anything of any value.

Senator SPARKMAN. I agree with you.

Senator FULBRIGHT. The witness is unable to give any evidence of any connection between Mr. Jessup and the organizations which he describes.

I do not see that it has any pertinency to the inquiry.

Senator SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Chairman, let me suggest that the witness go ahead and present his case in his own way, and we can evaluate it.

Senator FULBRIGHT. That raises another point. I have some questions. The witness comes in and announces that he has very limited time, that he has an engagement, and I presume as soon as he finishes his statement he will leave; and there will be no opportunity to ask any question that would bear upon the question. He is already nervous about his plane.

Senator MCCARTHY. If that disturbs the Senator, I will be glad to stay over at least an hour after I finish, unless the committee takes up any time asking questions as I go through it. If the Senator is worried about my not being here to answer questions, I repeat I will stay here at least an hour, or let's make that an hour and a half. necessary, I can put off this trip. I think this is more important. When I say an hour and a half, that means that unless the time is taken up questioning as I go through the exhibits I can remain an hour and a half.

If

Senator SPARKMAN. I thought it was established in the beginning; in fact, as I recall the witness himself invited questions as we go along, and, frankly, I think the orderly way to develop this would be for the witness to present one of his cases, and then let members of the committee ask questions on that case.

I understand you to say you have six different Communist-front organizations. If we cannot finish all six today, why certainly we can come back later and take up where we leave off.

But it seems to me the orderly way to do that is to develop it case by case, since you are presenting it case by case. And I hope that all members of the committee will ask questions, because all we are trying to do here is to develop the facts, and I hope that every one of us will look at this just as objectively as we can and that we will not take the position that we are trying to establish a particular case. We want to get the facts as they actually exist.

Now, I want to ask some questions.

Senator MCCARTHY. Let me answer that. First, let me say that I do welcome the Senators' interruptions. I think when a question arises they should interrupt. The reason I offered to stay here after the case had been completed, was because of Senator Fulbright's worry for fear that I was going to get up and leave if I were allowed to pursue my testimony without interruption. I don't care whether the Chair allows me to present all the evidence first, and then examines me, or whether they interrupt, as you see fit.

Let me make this clear, however, Senator. You are talking about six cases. The Communist-front affiliations are not a case. The case consists of not only the Communist-front affiliations, but the money he received from the party, letters he wrote, and the Communists he hired, the Communists he recommended for high jobs, the entire picture which I intend to develop are the case, so don't make the mistake of thinking that the only evidence against Jessup is his affiliation with six Communist fronts. That is one link in the chain of evidence which Philip Jessup forged.

Senator SPARKMAN. I did not intend to suggest any such thing. I simply took the Senator's own statement that he had six different front organizations to present.

The point I am trying to make is that in the very beginning the Senator took these up topic by topic, and in his very opening statement, said he would welcome questions at any time, and we started out with that and we have questioned the Senator on the first two or three.

Senator MCCARTHY. Go right ahead.

Senator SPARKMAN. It seems to me that we should not change now, but should proceed as we were.

Senator MCCARTHY. I am not asking the committee to change. I am here to do what the committee wants me to do. I am here to present the evidence. I will follow any rules the Chair lays down. I am not trying to set the rules for the committee. I merely told the Chair before that when the question was asked I intended to answer it fully.

LETTER TO NEW YORK TIMES, JANUARY 31, 1939

Senator SPARKMAN. I wanted to ask a few questions on this organization to lift the Spanish embargo. I have looked at the excerpt which the Senator has submitted from that bulletin, but I have also taken the trouble to look at the full bulletin, and I do find the quotation in it that the Senator gives from Charles C. Burlingham and Philip C. Jessup. But I find that that was an excerpt in turn that had been taken from a very lengthy letter that these two gentlemen had written to the New York Times, and the excerpt which is given indicates it is the very last sentence in the letter to the New York Times under date of January 31, 1939.

Frankly, when I saw the leaflet as the Senator had put it out, I thought it was something that was written particularly for this publication, but I find that what happened is that the people who put out this publication had lifted a sentence from a very lengthy letter written by these two gentlemen to the New York Times under date of January 31, 1939.

Here it is, if you would like to see it.

Senator MCCARTHY. I do not want to look at it. I have the one covering the situation more fully. I am taking the Senator's word for that.

OTHERS QUOTED IN BULLETIN OF COORDINATING COMMITTEE TO LIFT THE SPANISH EMBARGO

Senator SPARKMAN. Now let me say further to the Senator that I find that in the whole bulletin a great many people are quoted. The very first quotation is from Henry L. Stimson. The next is Dorothy Thompson; the next is Francis M. Shea, dean of the University of Buffalo Law School; A. F. Whitney, president of the Brotherhood of Railway Trainmen; Donald Richberg, former chairman of the NRA Board; Stanley M. Isaacs, president, Borough of Manhattan. I won't name all of them, but they go on and on. I should have gone on to the one from Charles C. Burlingham and Philip C. Jessup. That is the ninth given in that list.

Here is one from Helen Keller, and a great many others that I will not take the time to name.

Senator MCCARTHY. Senator, let's also

Senator SPARKMAN. Wait a minute. Let me finish this statement, because I want the Senator to comment on it after I have finished it. Then I find collective statements. Here is one from 5,000 American lawyers; 148 American writers; 106 leading American musicians; 70 leading social workers; 30 distinguished psychologists; 94 leading Americans; 92 distinguished Americans; members of the National Academy of Science; faculty of Northwest University; 196 Pacific Coast University professors; 69 faculty members of the Yale University; National Federation of Settlements; faculty members of Oberlin College; 34 faculty members of the University of Illinois; Republican members of the House Foreign Affairs Committee; and then by various organizations-I won't take time to read the namesand then they give comments from the New York times, the "Voice of the People," an Italian language paper; Chicago Daily News; Greensboro, N. C., News; St. Louis, Mo., Star Times; New York Herald Tribune; Washington Post; Bethlehem, Pa., Bulletin; Portland, Oreg., Oregonian; Roanoke, Va., World; Indiana Gazette; Dallas Morning News; Richmond Times-Dispatch; New York Sun; Cincinnati Inquirer; Pauls Valley, Okla., Democrat; Worcester, Mass., Gazette; Martins Ferry, Ohio, Times; Christian Science Monitor; New Republic; Nation; Churchman; Advance; Zion's Herald; the Presbyterian Tribune, and so forth and so on.

Now all of those are given in there, and what I want to ask the Senator is this: Why list and present to this committee just the one simple statement?

Senator MCCARTHY. I didn't lift the statement. That is only one page from the document.

Senator SPARKMAN. It is one excerpt from one page. Here is a photostat of the whole document, and that particular statement appears right here.

There is the whole page.