danger of its development. The decisive effect of volunteer action in Stockholm in 1909 has been described above. In this country also volunteers came forward readily during the recent strikes to act as special constables and, where necessary, to assist in securing the supply of provisions. The idea has been taken up by the Press, and various suggestions have been made for putting it into a practical form. The creation of a volunteer force capable of performing the daily work necessary for the preservation of life and health in a great city is a huge undertaking, but the doubt is not as to its possibility but as to the willingness of the public to take the trouble and submit to the self-sacrifice involved in such an enterprise.
It is evident that in all civilised countries a feeling of discontent fostered by the increasing influence of democratic ideas, the spread of education and the accumulation of wealth, pervades the wage-earning classes, and threatens the stability of the existing organisation of society. Social history shows that under this system, itself the outcome of natural forces, the conditions of labour have steadily and continuously improved; and it is reasonable to believe that, given social stability, the same process will continue, and the economical problem of a fair distribution of wealth will in time be solved. But, like all natural processes, its action is extremely slow. The average wage-earner, who cannot be expected to know or understand the reasons for thinking that slowness of development is an inevitable condition of human progress, is naturally impatient and listens readily to those who assure him that the revolution they recommend will hasten the process. The question is how this natural impatience can be reconciled with the preservation of social stability. In this country the urgency of the question has been greatly increased by the events of the past summer.
It was inevitable that, sooner or later, the principle of the solidarity of labour should appear here as elsewhere; and with its coming a new era in the history of the never-ending strife between Capital and Labour has been inaugurated. It must be recognised that in future there will be an ever-present possibility of the development of some trade dispute into a widespread revolt of
Labour which may approximate to a general strike. It is true that the rank and file of the great army of Labour in this country are not in the least likely to be actuated by any wish to destroy society; but their great power is now to a great extent under the control of men who desire this end, and the absence of destructive intention on the part of the wage-earners will not lessen the disastrous result of the policy of their leaders. It is fortunate that, owing to premature action and incomplete organisation, the mischief caused by the recent attempt to bring about a general strike was comparatively small; but the organisation of labour is making rapid progress, and, when the next attempt is made, it is probable that its effects will be far more serious. The warning given by the late strike is unmistakable and timely; and it is to be hoped that the public will pay due heed to it and take measures for defence before it is too late. No better method for reconciling the claims of labour with economical possibilities and with the maintenance of social order has been suggested than collective bargaining. This method is for the present discredited, but it seems possible that the creation of an efficient volunteer service, by destroying all possibility of the success of a general strike, might put an end to attempts to bring it about, and might thus lead to the re-establishment of collective bargaining for the adjustment of disputes. If this should come to pass, the prospects of industrial peace would be brighter, and the unpleasant experience of the late strikes would be recognised as a blessing in disguise.
TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTEENTH VOLUME OF THE QUARTERLY REVIEW.
[Titles of Articles are printed in heavier type.
articles are printed in italics.]
Acton, Lord, his Historical Work, 166 characteristics, ib.-literary work, 167, 182-capacity for the arrangement of knowledge, 168- historical criticisms, 169-literary judgments, 170-compared with Treitschke, ib.-metaphysical in- terest in history, 171-pupil of Döllinger, ib. his theological standpoint, 172-176-lectures on the French Revolution, 176–189— incompatibility of liberty and equality, 177-treatment of Church questions, 178-praise of Abbé Sieyes, 179-causes for the State appropriation of Church property, 180-his estimate of Mounier and Mirabeau, 182-on the downfall of the monarchy, 183-his tribute to the work of M. Aulard, 184- opinion of Danton, 186-the fall of the Girondins, 187-depiction of Robespierre, 188. Adam, Madame, her revelation of Gambetta's real character, 363 et seq.
Anthology, The Greek, 23
vitality of the language, 24- characteristics of the poems, 24, 31-the life depicted, 25-child- hood, ib.-youth, 26-middle age, ib.-old age, 27-J. W. Mackail's prose translation, ib.-difficulties
of verse translation, 28-various collections of English versions, 28- 30, 36-sadness, the general tone of the poems, 32-patriotism, 33— tendencies of philosophy, 34-36— character of the literary epitaphs, 36-the poems of Meleager, 38- of P. Silentiarius, ib.-apprecia- tion of the beauty of flowers, 39— idealisation of the beauties of nature, ib.-dread of the sea, 40- wit and humour, 41. Architecture, Gothic and Renais- sance, 139-characteristics of Ro- man, 140-superseded insular style, 141-church-building, 142-adop- tion of the pointed arch, 143-result of the abandonment of the basilica form, 144-causes for the adoption of the vaulted roof, 145-develop- ment of Gothic, 146-transition from Romanesque to Pointed, ib. -Early English style, 147-size of windows, ib. -Decorated and Per- pendicular styles, 148-domestic architecture, 149 examples of Norman, ib.-monasteries, 150— castles and manor houses, 151- development of Renaissance, 152- Tudor and Elizabethan mansions, 154-examples of mixed work, 155 -chief master-builders, 156-erec- tion of country-houses, 157-the work of Inigo Jones, ib.-Wren, 158-influence of antiquaries, 159
-revival of Gothic, 160-164-the Classic style, 161-views of Pugin and Ruskin, ib.
Argentina, trading relations with Great Britain, 62.
Atkinson, J. J., his essay on 'Primal Law,' 104.
Aulard, A., The French Revolu-
tion: a Political History,' 184. Australia, characteristics of the aborigines, 102. See Primitive Man.
Australian Commonwealth, Ten Years of the, 305-motives of Federation, 306-inter-State free trade, 306 — fruit of manhood suffrage, 307-summary of legis- lation, 307-311-growing influence of Labour, 312-Mr Deakin, 311- 316-the question of State control, 316-the Labour party, 317-Mr Fisher, 318-aims of the Labour party, 318-320-quality of their candidates, 320 the bettering of conditions, 321- the Labour caucus, 322-326-a Fusion, 324- 326-confidence in Labour minis- ters, 324-contrasts with England, 326-Australian defence and the Imperial Navy, 327-329-immigra- tion, 329-333-British opinion and the truth, ib.
Austria-Hungary, result of the an- nexation of Bosnia and Herze- govina, 247-relations with Ger- many, 247, 259-revival of the idea of 'trialism,' 260. Avebury, Lord, 'Origin of Civilisa- tion,' 107.
Bacon, Sir Reginald, and the British submarine, 468.
Balfour, Rt Hon. A. J., M.P., on commercial treaties with the Dominions, 270, 286-his character as a leader of the Unionist party, 294, 298-want of foresight, 295- speech on the Referendum, 296. Bible, The English, 505-the ter- centenary celebrations, 505-recent
works, 506-the Authorised Ver. sion, 507-522-a literary na ment, 507-Matthew's Bible, - Tindale's work, 509-512-Coe dale, 513-517-the Psalter, ali- the Great Bible, 517-Gene Bible, 518-the Bishops' Bible, 519 -details of the revision, 520-the Rheims New Testament, 521- cess of preparing the Authorise Version, 522-bases of the work. 524-527-the Douay version, 527– verbal improvements, 523-the Re- vised Version, 529-need for some new revision, 530.
Bismarck, his relations with Gam betta, 353, 357.
Blomfield, R., A History of Renais sance Architecture in England." 156.
British Diplomacy and Trade, 442 -need for more consular energy, 443 lack of intelligent official direction, 444-information pigeon- holed, 445-details of the service, and comparisons, 446-urgent need of capable representatives, 447- the British Consular Service, 448 --Commercial Attachés, 449-the question of means, ib.—great trad- ing possibilities, 450-the cost, British and American, ib.-con sular salaries, 451-anomalous ap pointments, ib.-superintendents wanted, 452-Chambers of Com merce, ib. comparisons with America, 454-German enterprise. 455-457-Mr Philander Knox, 457 -Mexico, 458-the Monroe Doc trine and trade, 459-American in- consistencies, 460-negligence of the Press, 461.
British Medical Association, de- mands on the Insurance Bill, 203. Brown, Prof. Hume, History of Scotland,' 398.
Campbell, The Rev. A. J., "The Making of Scotland,' 397. Canada, commercial treaty-making rights, 269, 287-contributions to Imperial defence, 278-preferential proposals, 279 - Reciprocity Bill, 280, 286.
Chamberlain, Rt Hon. J., M.P., his proposal of an Advisory Council of Empire, 271-Imperial Preference scheme, 274.
Chéradame, André, 'The Strength and Weakness of the Triple En- tente,' 244.
Church Law, English, and Divorce, 531. See Divorce. Clarke, Dr, quoted on Australian socialism, 318.
Clay, Sir Arthur, 'Syndicalism and Labour,' 575.
Clodd, Edward, Primitive Man on
His Own Origin,' 97. Colquhoun, Archibald R., 'The Im- perial Conference,' 263. Colum, P., character of his plays, 237.
Conference, The Imperial, 263— result of six, 264-the alliance theory as opposed to organic unity, 265-Lord Salisbury's speech on opening the Conference of 1887, on Imperial union, 266-question of defence, 266-268, 271, 276, 283— commercial union, 268, 272-rights of Canada, 269, 287-Ottawa Con- ference of 1894, 270-Conference of 1897, ib.-rejection of the proposal for an Advisory Council of Empire, 271 - Naval Conference of the Australian Colonies in 1899, ib.- Conference of 1902, 273-result of Mr Chamberlain's preference scheme, 274-Conference of 1907, 275-proposed establishment of a secretariat, ib. Mr. Haldane's scheme of military defence, 277—
debate on naval contribution, 278 -preferential proposals, 279-Con- ference of 1911, 280-Sir J. Ward's suggestion of an Imperial Council of Defence, ib.-admission of over- sea representatives to the Com- mittee, 281-proposed Standing Committee, 282-decision of the Premiers on the Declaration of London Bill, 283-result of Sir W. Laurier's proposed Commission to visit all Dominions, 284-286- revision of commercial treaties, 286.
Craik, Sir Henry, 'Century of Scottish History,' 400.
Crammond, Edgar, 'British Invest- ments Abroad,' 43.
Cromer, Earl, Paraphrases and Translations from the Greek,' 29.
Darwin, C., 'The Descent of Man,' 104.
Deakin, Mr, and Australian politics, 311 et seq.
Dickins, L., and M. Stanton, 'An Eighteenth Century Correspond- ence,' 160.
Dimnet, Abbé, 'The Real Gambetta,' 352.
Divorce, English Church Law and, 531-the principle of indis- solubility, 532-the early law, 533 -the breach with Rome, 534-dis- appearance of papal authority, 535 -the royal authority, ib. — the 'Submission,' 536-the new order established, 537-result of that revolution, 538-divorce a vinculo, 539-the code of Canon Law, ib.— 'Reformatio Legum Ecclesiasti- carum,' 539-545-never acted on, 544-continuance of the pre-Re- formation system, 545-effect of adultery, 546-the innocent party, ib.- the Parr case, ib. - Act of 1857, 548-the Canons of 1604, 549- 551. Dobrizhoffer, M., An Account of the Abipones,' extraet from, 104.
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