GWS.. GWS Sea..... GPW GC GPW 1929. GWS 1929. H. III.... H. IV... HR H. V.... H. IX.. H. X. Roerich Pact.. UCMJ. ABBREVIATIONS Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field, 12 August 1949. Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded, Sick and Shipwrecked Members of Armed Forces at Sea, 12 August 1949. Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Pris- Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civil- Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condi- Hague Convention No. III Relative to the Opening of Hague Convention No. IV Respecting the Laws and Annex to Hague Convention No. IV, 18 October 1907, Hague Convention No. V Respecting the Rights and Hague Convention No. IX Concerning Bombardment Treaty on the Protection of Artistic and Scientific Section I. Persons entitled to be treated as prisoners of war; VIII. Religious, intellectual, and physical activities. 110-114 44 XIV. Relations of prisoners of war with the exterior. 145–153 51 55 60 62 72 79 83 84 87 *This manual supersedes FM 27-10, 1 October 1940, including C 1, 15 November 1944. IV. Aliens in the territory of a party to the conflict. 274–285 108 V. Regulations for the treatment of internees____ 286-342 112 III. Rights of the population of occupied territory. 379-387 144 388-392 147 III. Supplies and services from neutral territory......- 525–531 187 wounded and sick in neutral territory------ 532-546 188 547-551 191 VI. Railway material.. 552 192 APPENDIX: INDEX OF ARTICLES OF THE 1949 GENEVA CON- INDEX.. 194 198 CHAPTER 1. BASIC RULES AND PRINCIPLES 1. Purpose and Scope Section I. GENERAL The purpose of this Manual is to provide authoritative guidance to military personnel on the customary and treaty law applicable to the conduct of warfare on land and to relationships between belligerents and neutral States. Although certain of the legal principles set forth herein have application to warfare at sea and in the air as well as to hostilities on land, this Manual otherwise concerns itself with the rules peculiar to naval and aerial warfare only to the extent that such rules have some direct bearing on the activities of land forces. This Manual is an official publication of the United States Army. However, those provisions of the Manual which are neither statutes nor the text of treaties to which the United States is a party should not be considered binding upon courts and tribunals applying the law of war. However, such provisions are of evidentiary value insofar as they bear upon questions of custom and practice. 2. Purposes of the Law of War The conduct of armed hostilities on land is regulated by the law of land warfare which is both written and unwritten. It is inspired by the desire to diminish the evils of war by: a. Protecting both combatants and noncombatants from unnecessary suffering; b. Safeguarding certain fundamental human rights of persons who fall into the hands of the enemy, particularly prisoners of war, the wounded and sick, and civilians; and c. Facilitating the restoration of peace. 3. Basic Principles a. Prohibitory Effect. The law of war places limits on the exercise of a belligerent's power in the interests mentioned in paragraph 2 and requires that belligerents refrain from employing any kind or degree of violence which is not actually necessary for military purposes and that they conduct hostilities with regard for the principles of humanity and chivalry. |