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The New York Tinies

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Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland and the District of Columbia. The suspension is extended to all other states in March 1863.

MAY 22, 1918 -- The Entry and Departure Controls Act allows the president to "control the departure and entry in times of war or national emergency of any noncitizen "whose presence was deemed contrary to public safety." The act is extended on June 21, 1941.

JUNE 28, 1940 -- The Alien Registration Act requires the registration of all noncitizens and the fingerprinting those over 14 years of age.

FEB. 19, 1942 -- President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs Executive Order 9066, banning from "military areas" all persons "deemed necessary or desirable" to exclude from those areas. The decision forces the relocation of more than 100,000 Japanese-Americans to camps in the nation's interior.

SEPT. 22, 1950 The Internal Security Act makes it unlawful for a member of a "Communist-action" organization to "hold any nonelective office or employment under the United States, " or to "engage in any employment in any defense facility," or to "apply for or use a passport." The act also establishes a Subversive Activities Control Board with the power to determine whether an organization is a "Communist front." A provision of the act requiring Communist Party members to register with the government was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in 1965, rendering the entire act unenforceable.

OCT. 4, 1973 -- The American Civil Liberties Union calls for impeaching President Richard M. Nixon, for violating the right of political dissent; "establishment of a personal secret police which committed crimes;" interference in the trial of Daniel Ellsberg; and "usurpation of Congressional war-making powers."

OCT. 25, 1978 -- The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, passed in response to increased terrorist activity around the world, authorizes electronic eavesdropping and wiretapping in the collection of "foreign intelligence" information. The act creates a special court composed of seven federal judges, meeting in secret, that considers applications from the Department of Justice and intelligence agencies. In 1994 the act was expanded to permit covert physical searches. Electronic surveillance and physical searches are permissible in some circumstances even without a court order.

APRIL 24, 1996 -- The Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act, passed in part by the bombing of the World Trade Center in 1993, establishes membership in a terrorist organization as a ground for denying a noncitizen entry into the United States, and returns "to the border" an immigrant who has entered the country unlawfully, "regardless of the duration of his or her presence in the United States." The act also enables federal officials to use court-ordered wiretapping to investigate various immigration offenses. including fraud relating to driver's licenses, passports and other forms of identification. (pg. B6)

INDEX REFERENCES

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The New York Times

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COMPANY: AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION

NEWS SUBJECT: (Judicial (1JU36); Legal (1LE33); International Terrorism (1IN37))

INDUSTRY: (Security (1SE29)}

REGION: (Afghanistan (1AF45); Middle East (1M123); Africa (1AF90); USA (1US73); Americas (1AM92); North America (1NO39); Western Asia (1WE54); Asia (1AS61); Mediterranean (1ME20)) Language: EN

OTHER INDEXING:

(Lewis, Neil A; Marquis, Christopher; Leahy, Patrick J (Sen)) (ALIEN; ALIEN ENEMY ACT; ALIEN REGISTRATION ACT; AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION; AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION; AMERICAN MUSLIMS; ANTITERRORISM; BUSH; CHART: "CLOSEUP; CIVIL LIBERTIES; CONGRESS; CONSTITUTION; DANIEL ELLSBERG; DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE; ELIZABETH; ENTRY; FEDERAL REGISTER; IMMIGRATION REFORM; INTERNAL SECURITY ACT; JUDICIARY COMMITTEE; JUSTICE; JUSTICE DEPARTMENT; LONGER VISA WAITS; NATIONAL IMMIGRATION FORUM; STATE DEPARTMENT; SUBVERSIVE ACTIVITIES CONTROL BOARD; SUPREME COURT; US EAVESDROPPING; VERMONT DEMOCRAT) (Abdul Rahman; Abraham Lincoln; Al Qaeda; Angela M. Kelley; Ashcroft; Camarota, Colin L. Powell; Communist Party; England; Franklin D. Roosevelt; Hirshon; John Ashcroft; Laden; Leahy; Mathew Brady, Mindy Tucker; Patrick J. Leahy; Powell, Richard M. Nixon; Robert B. Hirshon; Sedition Acts; Steven Camarota; Technological; Tucker) (Terrorism; Hijacking; Airlines and Airplanes; World Trade Center (NYC); Men; Visas; Terrorism; Wiretapping and Other Eavesdropping Devices and Methods) (New York City; Washington (DC))

COMPANY TERMS: STATE DEPARTMENT

EDITION: Late Edition - Final

Word Count: 2462

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ARTICLE, BOB HERBERT, “STORIES FROM THE INSIDE," NEW YORK TIMES,
FEBRUARY 7, 2005, AVAILABLE ON WESTLAW AT 2005 WLNR 1682135

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Copyright (c) 2005 The New York Times. All rights reserved.

February 7, 2005

Section: A

Stories From The Inside

Bob Herbert

Bob Herbert Op-Ed column says horror stories from scandalous interrogation camp that United States operates at Guantanamo Bay are coming to light in spite of government's 'obsessively reinforced barriers of secrecy'; cites case of Shafiq Rasul, British citizen seized in Afghanistan in aftermath of 9/11 and subjected to two years of physical abuse and isolation before British intelligence officials proved he and two others had been in England during time they were accused of being in Al Qaeda training camp; says Bush administration has turned Guantanamo into place devoid of due process and rule of law; holds that Congress and courts should uproot this evil practice (M)

"During the whole time we were at Guantanamo," said Shafiq Rasul, "we were at a high level of fear. When we first got there the level was sky-high. At the beginning we were terrified that we might be killed at any minute. The guards would say to us, 'We could kill you at any time. They would say, 'The world doesn't know you're here. Nobody knows you're here. All they know is that you're missing, and we could kill you and no one would know...

The horror stories from the scandalous interrogation camp that the United States is operating at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, are coming to light with increased frequency. At some point the whole shameful tale of this exercise in extreme human degradation will be told. Por the time being we have to piece together what we can from a variety of accounts that have escaped the government's obsessively reinforced barriers of secrecy.

We know that people were kept in cells that in some cases were the equivalent of animal cages, and that some detainees, disoriented and despairing, have been shackled like slaves and left to soil themselves with their own urine and feces. Detainees are frequently kicked, punched, beaten and sexually humiliated. Extremely long periods of psychologically damaging isolation are routine.

This is all being done in the name of fighting terror. But the best evidence seems to show that many of the people rounded up and dumped without formal charges into Guantanamo had nothing to do with terror. They just happened to be unfortunate enough to get caught in

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The New York Times

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one of Uncle Sam's depressingly indiscriminate sweeps. Which is what happened to Shafiq Rasul, who was released from Guantanamo about a year ago. His story is instructive, and has not been told widely enough.

Mr. Rasul was one of three young men, all friends, from the British town of Tipton who were among thousands of people seized in Afghanistan in the aftermath of Sept. 11, 2001. They had been there, he said, to distribute food and medical supplies to impoverished Afghans.

The three were interviewed soon after their release by Michael Ratner, president of the Center for Constitutional Rights, which has been in the forefront of efforts to secure legal representation for Guantanamo detainees.

Under extreme duress at Guantanamo, including hundreds of hours of interrogation and long periods of isolation, the three men confessed to having been in a terrorist training camp in Afghanistan. They also said they were among a number of men who could be seen in a videotape of Osama bin Laden. The tape had been made in August 2000.

For the better part of two years, Mr. Rasul and his friends, Asif Iqbal and Rhuhel Ahmed, had denied involvement in any terror activity whatsoever. But Mr. Rasul said they eventually succumbed to long months of physical and psychological abuse. Mr. Rasul had been held in isolation for several weeks (his second sustained period of isolation) when an interrogator showed him the video of bin Laden. He said she told him: "I've put detainees here in isolation for 12 months and eventually they've broken. You might as well admit it now."

"I could not bear another day of isolation, let alone the prospect of another year," said Mr. Rasul. He confessed.

The three men, all British citizens, were saved by British intelligence officials, who proved that they had been in England when the video was shot, and during the time they were supposed to have been in Al Qaeda training camps. All three were returned to England. where they were released from custody.

Mr. Rasul has said many times that he and his friends were freed only because their alibis were corroborated. But they continue to worry about the many other Guantanamo detainees who may be innocent but have no way of proving it.

The Bush administration has turned Guantanamo into a place that is devoid of due process and the rule of law. It's a place where human beings can be imprisoned for life without being charged or tried, without ever seeing a lawyer, and without having their cases reviewed by a court. Congress and the courts should be uprooting this evil practice, but freedom and justice in the United States are on a post-9/11 downhill slide.

So we are stuck for the time being with the disgrace of Guantanamo, which will forever be a stain on the history of the United States, like the internment of the Japanese in World

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War II.

The New York Times

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NEWS SUBJECT:

INDEX REFERENCES

(International Terrorism (1IN37); Sept 11th Aftermath (1SB05))

INDUSTRY: (Security (18E29))

REGION: (Afghanistan (1AF45); Cuba (1CU43); United Kingdom (1UN38); Burope (1EU83); USA (1US73); Americas (1AM92); England (1EN10); North America (1N039); Caribbean (1CA06); Western Burope (1WE41); Western Asia (1WE54); Asia (1AS61); Latin America (1LA15)}

Language: EN

OTHER INDEXING:

(Herbert, Bob; Rasul, Shafiq; Bush, George W (Pres}} (CONGRESS; OSAMA) (Asif Iqbal; Bob Herbert; Bush; Michael Ratner; Rasul; Rhuhel Ahmed; Shafiq Rasul) (Guantanamo Bay Naval Base (Cuba); Freedom and Human Rights; Terrorism; Torture; Prisoners of War) (Op-Ed) (Afghanistan, Great Britain, Afghanistan)

COMPANY TERMS: AL QAEDA (TERRORIST GROUP)

EDITION: Late Edition - Final

Word Count. 871

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END OF DOCUMENT

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