or vedas, which the Bramins appear to be reading to him. This memorial was originally designed by Lady Jones to be sent to Calcutta ; but the East-India company having determined to erect one there at their own expense, it was presented to this college, and that which it was meant should be placed here by the friends of Sir William Jones, was transferred to the University church. Under the window in the ante-chapel is another fine monument, also by Flaxman, to the memory of Sir Robert Chambers, a member of this college, the gift of Lady Chambers.

Merton college is entered by an embattled tower, erected in the early part of the fifteenth century. The subject of the ancient sculpture over the centre of the gate is, by some antiquaries, believed to be the history of St. John the Baptist, and a relic of the church dedicated to that saint. The statues under the rich Gothic canopies are those of King Henry III. and the founder.

The first quadrangle is formed by the east end of the chapel, part of the hall, the warden's lodgings, and apartments for the members. The second quadrangle is one hundred and ten feet by one hundred. At the south end of it is the entrance into the gardens, in which is a fine terrace formed on part of the city wall, whence there is a view of Merton Fields and the Wide Walk of Christ church. Part of the south end of this quadrangle has lately been repaired, and the architectural ornaments over the garden gateway restored.

The chapel of this college is particularly deserving of notice. The ante-chapel, for more than one hundred and fifty years, was wainscotted with very old and beautifully carved wood-work, in the Grecian and Gothic styles, taken, it is supposed, from the inner chapel. At each end were two large screens, which in part prevented the sight of the beautiful windows, and entirely hid the architecture of the north entrance, and a very ancient and curious monument, erected in catholic times, at the south end. On removing these wainscots and screens, one of the wedges having been drawn from the wall, showed the lower part of a small column of stone, which induced an opinion that the same column supported an arch on each side of the grand west window. This conjecture proved correct, for Mr. Evans discovered, and has since, with the approbation of the college, displayed to view two beautiful arches, supported by columns, forming altogether a complete body of grand columns to support the tower of this chapel; and, were one other improvement to take place—were the architect's original design restored by removing the ceiling which now forms a belfry-it would display an ancient and well-conceived roof of superb Gothic carved work unequalled in this university.

This chapel exhibits some very singular specimens of Gothic architecture. The north window, in the ante-chapel, contains two ranges of seven lights; the windows of the choir display no common splendor of painted glass, in the representation of saints, martyrs, and associated decorations; but the great object of interest in this chapel is the eastern window, which possesses uncommon beauty, from the proportion of its parts, the fancy of its tracery, and the attractive effect of its whole design. It is a most exquisite specimen of fine taste, and is called the Catharine Wheel window, one of the only three now in England. From its situation in this chaste and perfect Gothic chapel, it may certainly be considered as the finest in the kingdom: although it is said by some artists that its height is not in due proportion with its breadth. Its paintings, which represent the principal events of the life of Christ, in six compartments, were executed in the year 1700 by W. Price.

Worcester college is situated on the banks of the Isis, at the western extremity of the university. On entering the college, the visiter is struck by the contrast between the old buildings on the west and the elegant new buildings opposite. The new buildings were finished in 1756. At the eastern end are the chapel, library, and hall. The latter is ornamented with fluted Corinthian columns; and at the upper end is a fine painting of a Dutch fish-market, the fish by Snyders; over the fireplace is a whole-length portrait of Sir Thomas Cookes, the founder, by Sir Godfrey Kneller; and in other parts of the hall are portraits of Dr. Clarke, Dr. Eaton, &c.

Christ Church is the largest and most magnificent foundation in Oxford, and owes its origin to Cardinal Wolsey, who, in 1524 and 1525, obtained a bull from the pope. authorizing him to suppress twenty-two inferior priories and nunneries, and apply their revenues in support of the intended college. The original plan of this foundation provided for one hundred and sixty persons, who were to apply themselves to the study of the sciences at large, as well as to polite literature. The cardinal settled on this society a clear annual revenue of two thousand pounds, and commenced the

present building for the use of the members under the name of "Cardinal's College." After his disgrace and death, the king, who had in the first instance seized its revenues and arrested its progress, was induced to patronise the institution, and re-endowed it for the support of a dean and twelve canons, under the name of "King Henry the Eighth's College."

The hall of this college was built by Wolsey, and strikes every eye with its magnificence, the grandeur of its proportions, and the propriety of its ornaments. It is unrivalled as a refectory by any room in the kingdom. In the reign of Charles I. the present approach was built, but the name of the architect is not known; the vaulted roof is supported by a single pillar in the centre of a square, and by groins at the angles. The new staircase and lobby were opened in 1800. The roof of the hall is highly ornamented, and the large window at the upper end of the south side is suited to its position, and very much admired for its fine-carved Gothic canopy. This stately apartment is one hundred and fifteen feet in length, forty in breadth, and fifty in height, and, taking in the lobby, &c., is one hundred and eighty feet long. In 1801, two new Gothic chimney-pieces were erected in this room by order of the dean, Dr. Jackson, from a plan of Mr. Wyatt. They are made of Somersetshire stone, and are considered very appropriate ornaments of the hall.

As Christ Church has ever claimed the honor of receiving their monarchs when they went to Oxford, this hall has consequently been the scene of those entertainments which have been prepared to do honor to, or promote the amusement of, the royal visiters. Henry VIII. in 1533, Queen Elizabeth in 1566 and 1592, James I. in 1605, and Charles I. several times, were splendidly entertained in this room. In the year 1814, George IV., then prince regent, dined here with Prince Metternich.

Very near the hall is the kitchen, which is often visited by strangers. In it is a very large and curious gridiron, which is supported by four wheels. It was used for dressing whole joints, before ranges and spits were invented. The kitchen was the first part of the college that was completed, and still retains its original appearance. The chapel of this college, which is also the cathedral of the diocess, is the same which belonged to the priory of St. Frideswide, where that saint and her parents were entombed. It is built in the shape of a cross, with a spire in the middle. The tower contains ten bells, which formerly belonged to Osney Abbey. The length of the chapel, from east to west, is one hundred and fifty-four feet. The length of the transept, from north to south, is one hundred and two feet. The height of the western part is forty-one and a half feet. The breadth of the nave and side aisles is fiftyfour feet; and the height of the steeple one hundred and forty-four feet. Five monuments of great antiquity are still remaining in this chapel, or more properly church. The first, which is under the great window in the north transept, was erected to the memory of James Zouch, who died in 1503. The four other tombs are between the respective arches, dividing the Divinity or Latin chapel from the middle north aisle. The first of these displays a man in armor, and is reported to belong to Sir Henry de Bathe, who died in 1252. The next beyond is supposed to contain the remains of Guymond, a prior, who died about 1149. The next monument is that of the lady Elizabeth Montacute, wife to William Baron Montacute, ancestor of the Montacutes, earls of Salisbury. She was buried here in 1353. The last of these tombs is the shrine of St. Frideswide. This is a neat and elegant structure erected over a tomb, which had on it the effigy of a man and woman in brass, now torn off, said to have been the parents of the saint. She died in the year 740, on October 19th, which day is commemorated by a fair kept before the gates of the college. The monument of Robert Burton, the author of the Anatomy of Melancholy, who was a member of this college, is in this part of the church. These monuments of a later date may be considered as an obituary of many of the most distinguished members of this society. There are also several monuments erected to the memory of eminent persons who died in Oxford when Charles I. held his court at Christ Church.

Nearly all the windows of this cathedral were destroyed in 1651. Those that remain, with others executed since, are-the Story of Jonah, in the south aisle; the Destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah; and Christ disputing with the doctors, in the east window of the divinity chapel, by Van Linge. The Nativity, in the east window, is by Price, from a design of Sir James Thornhill. The window in the north aisle, representing St. Peter conducted out of prison by the angel, was painted in 1700, by Isaac Oliver, when he was eighty-four years of age. The centre west window has lately been repaired, and embellished with ancient and very curious painted glass,

representing St. Frideswide, St. Catharine, and other saints. In the centre part of the great window in the north transept, is the representation of the murder of Becket, archbishop of Canterbury, which has the appearance of great antiquity. The other windows contain a great variety of arms, crests, devices, &c., some of them collected and given by the late Alderman Fletcher, a few years since. The window which has a portrait of Bishop King, contains a curious view of the south elevation of Osney Abbey. There is a fine-toned organ in the church, where service is performed every morning and evening, and sermons are preached in the nave, before the universityon Good Friday, Ascension day, Christmas day, and whenever it is the turn of the dean or either of the canons to preach. The church has lately been new roofed, and the interior has undergone many alterations and repairs. The stone roof in the choir is much admired. The richly ornamented sacramental plate is very ancient. The pulpit is also very old, and of curious workmanship. In this chapel is placed a very fine statute of Dr. Cyril Jackson, dean from 1783 to 1809, when he retired from his arduous situation he died August 31, 1819. It is executed by Chantrey, from the excellent likeness in the hall, by Owen.

The common room, which is under the hall, contains portraits of Henry VIII., of Drs. Busby, Freind, Nicoll, and Archbishop Markham, of Dean Aldrich, and Dr. Frewin; and a bust of Dr. Busby, by Rysbrach.

In the court, which is entered by a narrow passage, in the southern part of the great quadrangle, and adjoining the common room, is the grammar school, where the choristers and other boys are educated. Opposite the grammar school is the anatomical theatre, which was begun in the year 1776, and finished partly with the benefaction of Dr. Freind, who died in 1728, leaving one thousand pounds toward promoting the study of anatomy; and partly with the legacy of Dr. M. Lee, who by his will endowed the lectureship, and was in other respects a great benefactor to the college. This is a handsome convenient building, and is well furnished with subjects, preserved in spirits, to illustrate the study of anatomy.

In order to complete our account of this college, we must return into the great quadrangle, pass under the northeast arch, which is opposite the hall entrance, and proceed to the quadrangle, called Peckwater, which derives its name from an ancient hall or inn which stood on the southwest corner of the present court, and was the property of Richard Peckwater, who gave it to St. Frideswide's priory, in the reign of Henry III. About the middle of the reign of Henry VIII. another inn, called Vine Hall, was added to it; these, with other buildings, were formed into a quadrangle, in the time of Dean Duppa and Dr. S. Fell, which remained until 1705, when the east, west, and north sides were rebuilt after a plan given by Dean Aldrich, at the expense of the dean, canons, and nobility and gentry educated in this society. Anthony Radcliffe, canon, bequeathed three thousand pounds for this purpose.

The three sides are in a chaste Ionic style; all superfluity of ornament has been judiciously rejected, and it may be said to be one of the most correct examples of the Palladian architecture in England.

The library, which forms the south side of Peckwater quadrangle, was begun in 1716, after a design of Dr. George Clarke, of All Souls, and was not completed until 1761. The elevation consists of one order of three-quarter Corinthian columns, of considerable height and diameter. It was originally intended that the lower story should consists of an open piazza of seven arches, with an ascent of three steps along the front of the building; but it was afterward enclosed, and forms the rooms which contain some books and the collection of paintings left to the college by BrigadierGeneral Guise, who had received a part of his education in it.

The upper room is one hundred and forty-one feet by thirty, and thirty-seven feet in height. The ceiling is richly ornamented; and the wainscot and pillars are of the finest Norway oak. The festoons of stucco are much admired for the delicacy of the workmanship. This library, in books, prints, manuscripts, and coins, is of the first order. The recesses in the upper room are occupied by a bust, in bronze, of Marcus Modius, a physician, presented to the society by Lord Frederick Campbell; and a female figure, in marble, attended by a smaller figure of a boy, with one hand upon her shoulder, given by the late A. K. Mackenzie, M. A., a student of this house. This fine antique statue was found at Pella in Greece. At the east end are marble busts of Seneca and Nero; and at the other end, of Ceres and Cicero. On the staircase is a fine whole length statue of Locke, by Roubilliac.

Canterbury quadrangle joins that of Peckwater on the east side, and is a handsome

entrance to the college. On this site formerly stood Canterbury Hall, which was granted to the college by Henry VIII. In 1775 the north and east sides of it were rebuilt, after a design of Mr. Wyatt, chiefly at the expense of Dr. Robinson, primate of Ireland, who contributed two thousand pounds toward their completion; by whose liberality the south side also was rebuilt in 1783. The chief ornament of this court is the magnificent gateway, erected under the direction of Mr. Wyatt, in 1778. The order is Doric, and the design combines all that can be expected from a union of solidity and elegance. Both Canterbury and Peckwater quadrangles are inhabited chiefly by the undergraduate members of the college.

Magdalen college is one of the noblest institutions in Oxford. It was founded by William of Waynflete, bishop of Winchester, in the year 1458, for a president, forty fellows, thirty scholars, called demies, a divinity lecturer, four chaplains, eight clerks, and sixteen choristers for the service of the chapel. The members of the college still remain the same as at the time of the foundation, with the addition only of gentlemen commoners, for no commoners are admitted. The members on the books of this college in 1834 were one hundred and fifty-eight, of whom one hundred and fifteen were members of convocation. Magdalen college is bound by its statues to entertain the kings of England and their sons when at Oxford, whence this hall was often been the scene of royal and princely festivities. Magdalen college is situated at the east entrance to Oxford, and forms a noble object as the traveller crosses the bridge over the Cherwell. The buildings, as designed by the founder, compose two quadrangular courts, one of small and another of large dimensions. The entrance to the first is through a modern Doric portal that does not harmonize well with the rest of the structure. In front of the court is the original entrance, now disused, to the larger quadrangle, under a venerable Gothic tower, which is adorned with statues of the founder, of Henry VI., and of St. John the Baptist, and Mary Magdalen, in canopied niches of exquisite workmanship. The other court is nearly as the founder left it, the south cloister being the only portion that has been added since his death. This court contains the chapel, hall, and library, with apartments for residence. Round the whole of this court is arranged a series of hieroglyphic figures, which have occasioned a good deal of speculation among the learned. Besides the two courts there is a tower, and several other ranges of buildings belonging to the college, which have been erected at different periods, and were not included in the founder's design. The tower, which attracts notice by its beautiful proportions, was finished in 1498. It is said to have been designed by Cardinal Wolsey, a report which seems to have originated in the fact that he was bursar of the college at the time: and the cardinal is reported to have affirmed that he owed all his greatness to its classic shades.

Pembroke college owes it foundation to the joint munificence of Thomas Teesdale and Richard Wightwick; for although in the charter, dated in 1624, James I. is called the founder, and the earl of Pembroke, then chancellor of the university, the godfather, yet it does not appear that either of these personages assisted the foundation otherwise than by their patronage. The college forms two small courts, comprehending some portions of the Broadgate Hall. The principal court, which was erected at different periods during the seventeenth century, is uniform and simple in its architecture. The front, which was only completed in 1694, is an unadorned elevation, with a low tower over the entrance in the centre.

New college was founded by William of Wykeham, bishop of Winchester, and lord high chancellor in the reign of Edward III., one of the most illustrious charac ters of the age in which he lived. In the same year, Wykeham began his collegiate establishment at Winchester, which was intended, and still continues, to serve as a nursery to this at Oxford. The original foundation was so ample that, with some subsequent additions, it has become one of the wealthiest societies in Oxford. It now consists of a warden, seventy fellows and scholars, with priests, clerks, and choristers, for the service of the chapel. The fellows and scholars are annually elected from the college at Winchester; the founder's kindred become fellows on their first admission, the others are scholars on probation till the expiration of two years. In its original charter, this college is called the "College of St. Mary of Winchester," but having received the name of "New College" at the time of its erection, it has retained that appellation to the present time.

All Soul's College was founded in the year 1437, by Henry Chicheley, archbishop of Canterbury, who prevailed on King Henry VI. to assume the title of co-founder. Wykeham's college, of which Chicheley had been a fellow, appears to have been