130. How is the Kingdom of Prussia bounded? 131. Give the limits of that part of the kingdom which is called Rhine-Prussia. 132.* State its population and superficial extent, 133.* Mention some particulars about the religion of the country. 134. And about its government. 135.* What rank does the King hold at the German Diet? 136.* Give some account of Berlin. 137. What about Potsdam? 138. Copy out the table in Section Thirty-four. 139. What other territories does Prussia possess? 140. Describe Dantzig. 141. To what gulf has it given name? 142. What do you remember about Koenigsberg? 143. Where is Tilsit, and what has rendered it famous? 144. Repeat what you know about Breslau. 145. And about Frankfort-on-the-Oder. 146. Describe the town of Brandenberg. 147. And Wittenberg. 148. Mention what you know about Cologne. 149. Where is Aix-la-Chapelle? 150. What can you remember concerning it? 151. Give some particulars about Coblentz and Ehrenbreitstein.

152. How is the Kingdom of Saxony bounded? 153.* State its area and population. 154. What can you mention concerning its former and present extent ? 155. What about its religion? 156.* State some particulars about its government. 157.* Describe its metropolis. 158.* Which is reckoned the purest dialect of the German language? 159. What rank does the king of Saxony hold in the German Diet ? 160. How is his kingdom divided? 161. Mention what you know concerning Leipsic.

162. How is the whole Empire of Austria bounded? 163.* State its area and population. 164.* What part of these is in Germany? 165.* What can you mention about the religion of Austria ? 166.* Give some account of its government. 167.* How is the Austrian Empire divided? 168. Name the various states composing it. 169.* Where is Vienna? 170. Give some account of it. 171.* What about Schönbrunn ?. 172. Copy the table in Section Forty-four. 173. Mention what you know about Prague. 174. Also about Presburg. 175. And Buda. 176. Where is Trieste, and what renders it important? 177. Point out the situation of Venice. 178. Describe its appearance. 179. When was it founded? 180. Relate some particulars in its history. 181. When did it fall into the power of Austria? 182. Where is the Lombardo-Venetian kingdom? 183. In what ways is the name Lombardy used? 184. Whence did it obtain its name? 185. What territories does it comprehend? 186. Describe the city of Milan.

187. How is the kingdom of Bavaria bounded? 188.* State its area and population. 189.* What form of religion is established in Bavaria? 190. What is the nature of its government ? 191.* Give some account of its Parliament. 192.* Describe the metropolis of Bavaria. 193. What about Nimphenburg? 194. What rank does the king of Bavaria take at the German Diet? 195. Copy out the table in Section Fifty. 196. Give some account of Speyer. 197. And of Ratisbon. 198. Where is Augsburg, and what has rendered it famous ?

206.

199.* How is the kingdom of Wurtemburg bounded ? 200. State its area and population. 201.* What do you remember about its religion and government? 202. Copy the table in Section Fifty-three. 203. What place does the King of Wurtemburg hold in the German Diet? 204. Describe Stuttgard and Tubingen. 205. Where is Hamburg situated ? For what was it formerly, and for what is it now, famous? 207. What form of religion is there established? 208. Give some account of its government and constitution. 209. Describe Cuxhaven. 210. Mention what you know about Bremen. 211. About Lubeck. 212. And about Frankfort-on-the-Mayn.

CHAPTER X.

KINGDOM OF DENMARK.

1.* How is the Kingdom of Denmark bounded? 2. Upon what states does it touch? 3.* Mention its component parts. 4. Give the length and breadth of the peninsula of Denmark. 5.* State the area and population of the whole kingdom. 6. What can you mention about the hills of Denmark? 7. Are its rivers large? 8. Name the chief of them. 9.* What can you recollect about the R. Eyder? 10.* Does the R. Elbe touch upon Denmark? 11.* Are there any lakes in Denmark? 12.* Describe the Liim Fiord. 13.* What others can you enumerate? 14. Mention the chief capes of Denmark. 15. And likewise its principal bays. 16.* How is Denmark separated from Sweden? 17.* How does the Cattegat communicate with the Baltic Sea? 18.* Give some account of the Sound. 19.* Of the Great Belt. 20.* And of the Little Belt.

21.* What form of religion is established in Denmark? 22.* Give some account of the Danish government. 23. What can you mention about the idolatry of the ancient Danes? 24. Relate some particulars about their conversion to Christianity. 25. What was formerly the character of the Danish monarchy? 26. What brought about the great change in it? 27. How came Sweden and Norway to be united to Denmark? 28. When did this take place? 29. When was Sweden separated from Denmark? 30. Up to what period did Denmark retain possession of Norway? 31. What did she receive as an equivalent for it? 32. How and when did the provinces of Sleswig and Holstein become annexed to the crown of Denmark? 33. Copy out the table in Section Ten.

34.* Point out the situation of the Danish metropolis. 35. Mention some particulars concerning it. 36.* What do you know about Elsinore? 37. What about the Skaw, and the lighouse there? 38. Describe the town of Aalborg. 39. Where is Viborg, and what has rendered it interesting? 40. Mention some particulars about Aarhuus. 41. And Flensborg. 42. Describe the town of Sleswig. 43. Where are Rendsborg and Kiel? 44. Repeat what you know about Gluckstadt. 45. Where is Altona, and why is it worthy of note? 46. Describe the situation of Odensee? 47. What renders it remarkable? 48.* What do you remember about Heligoland? 49.* Where are the Ferroe Islands? 50.* State what you know about them. 51.* Mention the Danish possessions in Asia. 52.* In Africa. 53.* In America. 54.* Give the area and population of the whole Danish monarchy.

CHAPTER XI.

KINGDOM OF SWEDEN AND NORWAY.

1.* State the area and population of Sweden and Norway. 2. How is it separated from Russia? 3. How is it bounded on the other sides? 4.* What names are, in various parts, applied to the Strait between Sweden and Denmark? 5.* What can you mention about the narrowest part of this Strait? 6. Give the length and breadth of the Scandinavian peninsula. 7.* Describe the course of the great range of mountains in it. 8.* In what way does it connect Sweden and Norway? 9. What effect does it produce upon the rivers of the country? 10.* By what appellations is it known?

11. Name some of its highest points. 12. What is the character of the Swedish and Norwegian rivers? 13. Mention the principal rivers of Sweden. 14. And likewise those of Norway. 15. Are there many lakes in the Scandinavian peninsula? 16. What is their character? 17. Describe L. Wenern. 18. What other lakes can you mention? 19. What do you remember about the forests of Sweden and Norway? 20. Name the principal capes of Sweden. 21. What is the character of the Norwegian coast! 22. Mention the chief seas round Sweden.

23. Repeat what you know about the religion of Sweden. 24.* How have Sweden and Norway been governed since 1814. 25.* Give some account of the government and constitution of Sweden. 26. What religion did the Swedes anciently profess? 27. What can you mention with regard to their temple at Upsal. 28. In what way was Finland formerly connected with Sweden? 29. When did she lose it? 30. What did she receive in exchange for it? 31. Of what kingdoms did Sweden originally consist? 32. How is it now divided? 33. Give its estimated population. 34.* What can you state about its foreign territory? 35. Copy out the table from Section Nine.

36. Where is the metropolis of Sweden? 37.* Give some account of it. 38. Where is Upsal? 39. Give some description of it. 40. What rendered Old Upsal famous? 41. What do you recollect concerning it? 42. To what is the term Runic applied? 43. Whence is it said to be derived? 44. What has been surmised concerning the Runic characters? 45. What appears to prove they were not borrowed from the Roman cha racters? 46. What do the old poems and chronicles of the North assert concerning the Runic characters? 47. What can you state about Wasteras? 48. Describe Gottenburg. 49. Where is Carlskrona? 50. What do you know about Calmar? 51. And the I. of Gottland?

52. How is Norway divided? 53.* What form of religion is there established? 54. Describe its government and constitution. 55.* State its population. 56.* Describe its metropolis. 57.* What is the Storting, and where does it assemble? 58. How was Norway formerly divided? 59. When was it incorporated with Denmark? 60. How was it that in 1814 Norway was united to Sweden? 61. In what way was it united? 62. How is it now governed? 63. Copy out the table in Section Sixteen. 64. Where is Friderickshald, and why is it worthy of note? 65. What can you state about the Naze? 66. What is the character of the Norwegian coast? 67. Where are the Loffoden Isles? 68. Give some account of the Malstrom.

CHAPTER XII.

RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN EUROPE.

1. What portion of the world does the Russian Empire occupy? 2.* Between what points does it extend? 3.* State its population and superficial extent. 4. How is it divided? 5. Copy out the table in Section Two.

6. How is European Russia bounded? 7. Give its area and estimated population. 8.* Is it a mountainous country? 9.* What is meant by the term Steppe? 10.* What lofty chains of mountains can you mention towards its extremities? 11. What can you state about the mountains of Finland? 12. What about the Oural Ms.? 13. What about the Caucasus? 14. Give some account of the Valdai Ms.

15. What rivers rise in them? 17.* And likewise those of know about the R. Dniestr.

16.* Describe the course of the R. Volga. the Don and Dniepr. 18.* State what you

19.* What about the Boug and Pruth? 20,* Where are the rivers Vistula and Neman? 21.* What do you remember about the Western R. Dvina? 22.* What about the Msta and L. Ladoga? 23.* Describe the R. Neva. 24.* Where is the R. Onega? 25. Give some account of the Northern R. Dvina. 26.* What about the R. Pitchora? 27.* Where are the principal lakes of European Russia met with? 28.* Name them. 29.* Where are the Gulfs of Livonia and Finland? 30.* Where is the White Sea, and what minor bays does it contain? 31.* Where are the Gulfs of Tcheskaya and Kara? 32.* What Russian provinces are washed by the Black Sea? 33.* Describe the Sea of Azov. 34.* And the Strait of Enikale. 35. Mention the chief capes of European Russia.

36.* What is the established form of religion in Russia? 37.* What character does the Russian Church bear? 38. In what particulars does it resemble the Roman Catholic Church? 39.* What is the nature of the Russian government? 40.* What particulars do you remember concerning it? 41. In what light has the Russian government been considered latterly? 42. What is meant by the term Ukase? 43. Mention what you know about the Russian constitution. 44. How was the nobility formerly divided, and how is it now? 45. In what light do they consider themselves? 46. Give some account of the peasantry. 47. What can you state about the intermediate body? 48. What titles has the Emperor borne at various

times? 49. In what state is education in Russia? 50. Name its Universities. 51. What can you mention about their professors, and Russian literature in general.

52.* Has Russia varied much in her territorial divisions? 53.* How many governments or provinces does it now contain? 54.* How many of these formerly belonged to Poland? 55.* Mention those which are partly in Europe and partly in Asia. 56. Give some account of the old division of Great Russia. 57. Of Little Russia. 58. Of Black Russia. 59. Of White Russia. 60. Of Red Russia. 61. Copy out the table in Section Seventeen.

62.* Was the old kindom of Poland extensive? 63.* How was it bounded? 64.* State its area and population. 65.* How did its inhabitants live! 66.* What great governments did it contain, and how were these subdivided? 67.* In what way is the name of Poland still officially preserved? 68.* With what former division of the country does this application of the name correspond? 69,* Mention what you know about the religion of the people. 70. And the manner in which they are governed. 71.* Who is styled the Czar of Russia? 72. State what you know about the present constitution of Poland. 73. How long do the sittings of its Diet last? 74. Copy out the table in Section Twenty-one. 75. When was the Reformation introduced into Poland? 76. How was it received? 77. In what way did the Church of Rome then act? 78. What followed when the Partition of Poland took place? 79. What was the nature of the old government of Poland? 80. Mention some particulars about its constitution. 81. How came the nobility to obtain the preponderance in the State? 82. How far did they proceed in their assumption of power? 83. To what did this finally lead? 84. What used to take place at Wohla? 85. Who was the last king of Poland, and what about him? 86. Who first proposed a partition of Poland? 87. When, and by what Powers, was it portioned out? 88. What courts protested against this monstrous invasion? 89. How did the Poles behave? 90. By whom, and when, was a farther partition of it carried into effect? 91. When did the final partition take place, and what about it? 92. Give the history of the Grand Duchy of Warsaw. 93. And likewise that of the present kingdom of Poland.

94.* Point out the situation of the present metropolis of the Russian Empire. 95. Describe its appearance. 96.* State what you know about its history. 97.* Give some account of its University. 98. Point out the situation of Moscow. 99. What dignity did it formerly possess, and what privilege does it still retain? 100. Describe its appearance. 101. What can you state about the Kremlin? 102. Mention some particulars concerning the conflagration of Moscow. 103. Where is Helsingfors? 104. What do you know about it? 105. What about Abo? 106. Mention the principal sea-ports of European Russia. 107. How is Warsaw situated? 108. Give some description of it. 109.* What rank did the city of Cracow formerly hold? 110.* What was done with it at the Congress of Vienna in 1815? 111. How is it situated? 112.* Mention some particulars concerning it.

CHAPTER XIII.

ITALIAN STATES.

1. How is Italy bounded? 2.* Upon what countries does it touch? 3.* Is the whole of Italy subject to one Sovereign? 4. What do you remember about the Lombardo-Venetian Kingdom? 5.* Give some account of the Kingdom of Sardinia. 6. And of the Duchies of Parma, Modena, Massa-Carrara, and Lucca. 7.* Where is the Grand Duchy of Tuscany? 8. Describe Popedom. 9.* What do you know about the republic of San Marino? 10. What about the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies?

11. Point out the direction the Alps take through Italy. 12.* Describe the Maritime Alps. 13*. And also the Cottian and Graian Alps. 14. Give some account of Mt. Blanc. 15.* Where are the Pennine Alps? 16.* Where are the Rhætian Alps? 17.* What about the Carnic or Julian Alps? 18.* Describe the course of the Apennines. 19.* Give some account of Mt. Vesuvius. 20.* What can you state about the mountains of Sicily? 21. What about Mt. Etna?

22.* Give the course of the chief river of Italy. 23.* Name its principal tributaries. 24.* How many mouths has it? 25.* What can you mention about the Po di Volano and Po di Primaro? 26.* Give some account of the R. Adige. 27.* Of the R. Arno. 28.* Of the R. Tevere. 29.* Name the tributaries of the latter. 30. What rivers can you mention between the Tiber and the Arno? 31. What other rivers can you mention on the Western coast of Italy? 32. And what on its Eastern coast? 33. Name the principal gulfs on the W. coast. 34.* And likewise those on the E. coast. 35. What can you mention about the lakes in the N. of Italy? 36. Name them. 37. Repeat what you know about the lakes in the central part of Italy. 38. Name the chief capes on the E. shores of the country. 39.* And likewise those on its W. shores.

40.* What territories does the Kingdom of Sardinia comprise? 41.* State its area and population. 42.* Mention some particulars about the I. of Sardinia. 43.* And likewise about continental Sardinia. 44.* What form of religion exists in Sardinia? 45.* And what form of government? 46. Give some account of the Universities of the kingdom. 47. Copy out the table in Section Sixteen. 48.* Point out the situation of Turin. 49.* Relate what you know about it. 50.* What about Alexandria? 51. Where is Marengo, and what occurred there? 52.* Where is Genoa? 53.* Mention some particulars concerning it. 54. Describe its appearance. 55. When did Genoa rise into importance? 56. Mention some particulars in its history. 57. What paved the way to her ruin? 58. How did the French