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Past Time.

Singular 1. I might; 2. Thou mightst; 3. He might.
Plural 1. We might; 2. Ye might; 3. They might.

Imperative Mode is wanting.

Can-The original meaning of can is to know. Hence it signifies to be able; for "knowlege is power." In the time of the Anglo-Saxons it was used transitively as we use know. From the same root sprung ken for I know, I ken them; and also cun, as I cun him no thanks, for I cannot thank him. Can in English is treated as an auxiliary verb, the sign of the Infinitive being omitted-as, I can go, instead of I can to go, &c.

Cun-Infinitive is wanting; the Participle cunning is used only as an adjective.

Declarative Mode-Present Time.

Singular 1. I can; 2. Thou canst; 3. He, she, or it can.

Plural 1. We can ; 2.

You can ; 3. They can.

Past Time.

Singular 1. I could; 2.

Thou couldst ; 3. He, she, or it could.

Plural 1. We could; 2. Ye could; 3. They could.

Imperative Mode is wanting.

Must, to be obliged, is used as an auxiliary verb, and has no variation to express person, time, or number.

Present and Past Times.

Singular 1. I must; 2. Thou must; 3. He must.
Plural 1. We must; 2. Ye must; 3. They must.

By means of these auxiliary verbs we can exhibit the entire conjugation of the substantive verb to be; for being essential to the conjugation of all other verbs, it claims precedence in this respect.

The Substantive Verb-To be.

Infinitives-to be, to have been ; Participles-being, having been.

Declarative Mode-Present Time.

Singular 1. I am; 2. Thou art; 3. He, she, or it is.
Plural 1. We are; 2.

Ye or you are; 3. They are.

Completive Present Time.

Singular 1. I have been; 2. Thou hast been; 3. He has or hath been. Plural 1. We have been; 2. Ye or you have been; 3. They have been. Past Indefinite.

Singular 1. I was; 2.

Plural 1. We were ; 2.

Thou wast; 3. He was.

Ye or you were; 3. They were.

Past Completive.

Singular 1. I had been; 2. Thou hadst been; 3. He had been. Plural 1. We had been; 2. Ye or you had been; 3. They had been.

Future Indefinite.

Singular 1. I shall be; 2.

Thou shalt be; 3. He will be.

Plural 1. We shall be ; 2. Ye or you will be; 3. They will be.

Future Completive.

Singular 1. I shall have been; 2. Thou shalt have been; 3. He will have

been.

Plural 1. We shall have been; 2. Ye or you will have been; 3. They will have been.

Potential-Assertive Mode-Present Indefinite.

Singular 1. I may be; 2. Thou canst be ; 3. He may be.
Plural 1. We can be ; 2. Ye or you may be; 3. They can be.

Present Completive.

Singular 1. I can have been; 2. Thou mayst have been; 3. He can have

been.

Plural 1. We may have been; 2. Ye or you may have been; 3. They may have been.

Past Indefinite.

Singular 1. I might be ; 2. Thou couldst be; 3. He should be.
Plural 1. We would be; 2. Ye should be; 3. They might be.

Past Completive.

Singular 1. I would have been; 2. Thou mightst have been; 3. He might have been.

Plural 1. We should have been; 2. Ye or you could have been; 3. They might have been.

Conditional Mode-Present Time.

Singular 1. If I am; 2. If thou art; 3. If he is.
Plural 1. If we are; 2. If ye are ; 3. If they are.

The usual form in which the present time is given is properly the conditional future--that is the verb without the sign of the future :—

Singular 1. If I (shall) be; 2. If thou (shalt) be; 3. If he (shall) be.
Plural 1. If we (shall) be; 2. If ye (shall) be; 3. If they (shall) be.

The completive future of the conditional mode is the same as the completive future of the declarative mode, with the conjunction IF OF THOUGH prefixed.

Past Indefinite Time.

Singular 1. If I was; 2. If thou wast; 3. If he was.
Plural 1. If we were; 2. If ye were; 3. If they were.

Hypothetical Past Time.

Singular 1. If I were; 2. If thou wert; 3. If he were.
Plural 1. If we were; 2. If ye were; 3. If they were.

If I were, supposes I am not; if I were not, supposes I am.

Past Completive Time.

Singular 1. If I had been; 2. If thou hadst been; 3. If he had been.
Plural 1. If we had been; 2. If ye had been; 3. If they had been.

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Conjugation of regular verbs-transitive and intransitive.

These verbs are regular when the past time of the declarative mode and the past participle end in ed. Infinitives, to command-to have commanded.

Participles, commanding-having commanded.

Declarative Mode-Present Indefinite.

Singular 1. I command; 2. Thou commandest; 3. He, she, or it commandeth or commands.

Plural 1. We command; 2. Ye command; 3. They command.

Present Definite.

Singular 1. I am commanding; 2. Thou art commanding; 3. He is com

manding.

Plural 1. We are commanding; 2. Ye are commanding; 3. They are com

manding.

Present Emphatic.

Singular 1. I do command; 2. Thou dost command; 3. He does or doth command.

Plural 1. We do command; 2. Ye do command; 3. They do command.

Present Completive.

Singular 1. I have commanded; 2. Thou hast commanded; 3. He hath com

manded.

Plural 1. We have commanded; 2. Ye have commanded; 3. They have commanded.

Past Indefinite.

Singular 1. I commanded; 2. Thou commandedst; 3. He commanded.
Plural 1. We commanded; 2. Ye commanded; 3. They commanded.

Past Definite.

Singular 1. I was commanding; 2. Thou wast commanding; 3. He was com

manding.

Plural 1. We were commanding; 2. Ye were commanding; 3. They were commanding.

Past Emphatic.

Singular 1. I did command; 2. Thou didst command; 3. He did command. Plural 1. We did command; 2. Ye did command; 3. They did command.

Past Completive.

Singular 1. I had commanded; 2. Thou hadst commanded; 3. He had commanded.

Plural 1. We had commanded; 2. Ye had commanded; 3. They had commanded.

Future Indefinite.

Singular 1. I shall command; 2. Thou wilt command; 3. He will command. Plural 1. We shall command; 2. Ye shall command; 3. They shall command.

Future Completive.

Singular 1. I shall have completed; 2. Thou shalt have completed; 3. He shall have completed.

Plural 1. We shall have completed; 2. Ye shall have completed; 3. They shall have completed.

Potential-Assertive Mode.

Present Indefinite.

Singular 1. I may command; 2. Thou canst command; 3. He may command. Plural 1. We can command; 2. Ye may command; 3. They can command.

Present Completive.

Singular 1. I can have loved; 2. Thou mayst have loved; 3. He may have loved.

Plural 1. We may have loved; 2. Ye can have loved; 3. They can have loved.

Past Indefinite.

Singular 1. I should warm; 2. Thou shouldst warm ; 3. He should warm. Plural 1. We should warm ; 2. Ye should warm; 3. They should warm.

Past Completive.

Singular 1. I might have warmed; 2. Thou couldst have warmed; 3. He could have warmed.

Plural 1. We should have warmed; 2. Ye should have warmed; 3. They should have warmed.

Conditional Mode.

All the tenses of this mode are the same as the corresponding tenses of the declarative mode, with either of the conjunctions-if, though, &c., prefixed. The potentialassertive mode may be made conditional by prefixing the same conjunctions.

Imperative Mode.

Singular, Command thou.

Plural, Command ye or you.

In the same manner, conjugate the verbs-reach, provide, boil, furnish, preach, abuse, engage, sow, vanish, question, prepare, guard, chime, alloy, reveal, commemorate, mourn, create, wish, favour, diminish, join, open, burnish, turn, cherish, complain.

Inverted-Transitive Verbs, usually called passive. Infinitives, to be loved; to have been loved. ciples, being loved, having been loved.

Declarative Mode-Present Time.

Singular 1. I am loved; 2. Thou art loved; 3. He is loved.
Plural 1. We are loved; 2. Ye are loved; 3. They are loved.

Present Completive.

Parti

Singular 1. I have been loved; 2. Thou hast been loved; 3. He has been loved. Plural 1. We have been loved; 2. Ye have been loved; 3. They have been loved.

Past Time.

Singular 1. I was loved; 2. Thou wast loved; 3. He was loved.
Plural 1. We were loved; 2. Ye were loved; 3. They were loved.

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