PhilologyAppleton, 1877 - 164 pages |
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Page 5
... results he ascertains what is common to these different languages and what is peculiar to one or more : lastly , he tries to find out what the causes are which operate on all these languages , in order that he may under- stand that ...
... results he ascertains what is common to these different languages and what is peculiar to one or more : lastly , he tries to find out what the causes are which operate on all these languages , in order that he may under- stand that ...
Page 13
... result may seem strange to you . You may say : ' I grant that English has changed with the lapse of time , yet at one and the same time , there is but one English language in England : common people may use vulgar words or may pronounce ...
... result may seem strange to you . You may say : ' I grant that English has changed with the lapse of time , yet at one and the same time , there is but one English language in England : common people may use vulgar words or may pronounce ...
Page 25
... result ; Norman and Dane alike got something which gave them less trouble . But , quite apart from these foreign influences , we saw changes going on in the English itself . We saw the old form of the plural 3rd person ( nt ) changed ...
... result ; Norman and Dane alike got something which gave them less trouble . But , quite apart from these foreign influences , we saw changes going on in the English itself . We saw the old form of the plural 3rd person ( nt ) changed ...
Page 31
... results from the d coming into contact with the t without an intervening . You can- not say ' ed - t , ' and therefore the d was changed into s in ' est , ' even at the risk - as schoolboys know to their cost of confusing ' est ' ( he ...
... results from the d coming into contact with the t without an intervening . You can- not say ' ed - t , ' and therefore the d was changed into s in ' est , ' even at the risk - as schoolboys know to their cost of confusing ' est ' ( he ...
Page 32
... results . The commonest is this : another sound is heard together with the difficult one . We saw above ( Ch . I. , 6 ) that the Kelts in France found a difficulty in the w at the beginning of the German words introduced by the Franks ...
... results . The commonest is this : another sound is heard together with the difficult one . We saw above ( Ch . I. , 6 ) that the Kelts in France found a difficulty in the w at the beginning of the German words introduced by the Franks ...
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Common terms and phrases
ablative accusative action adjective adverbs agglutinative agglutinative language analogy analytic languages aorist base became become breath called Chinese common commonly compound consonants dative denote derived dialects different forms different languages distinct distinguished dropped England English words example express formative suffix French genitive Gothic grammar Greek and Latin guage heard High German Icelandic idea ideography Indo-European Indo-European language inflectional instrumental Keltic Latin lips locative Low German meaning meant modern momentary mouth natural nominative noun object Old English Old High German older form oldest original palate participle pass perfect perhaps personal suffixes phonetic plural predicate preposition present principle probably pronounced reason recognise reduplication regularly represent Romans root rule Sanskrit seems seen sense sentence singular sometimes sound speak speech spoken subjunctive suffix syllable symbols syntax synthetic languages tenses Teutonic Teutonic language thing thought tion tongue trace verb voice vowel whole
Popular passages
Page 8 - If we should fail? Lady M. We fail! But screw your courage to the sticking-place, And we'll not fail. When Duncan is asleep — Whereto the rather shall his day's hard journey Soundly invite him — his two chamberlains Will I with wine and wassail so convince That memory, the warder of the brain, Shall be a fume, and the receipt of reason A limbeck only...
Page 67 - They had horses to drive (not to ride), and goats, dogs, and bees ; from the honey they made a sweet drink ; they made clothing of the wool of the sheep and the skins of beasts. They had to guard against the wolf, the bear, and the snake. . . . They dressed their food at the fire, and they were acquainted with soup. They also knew and could work with three metals— gold, silver, and copper. They used in battle the sword and the bow. They made boats, but they knew not the sea. They could reckon up...
Page 11 - Douglas blood, With mitre sheen and rocquet white ; Yet showed his meek and thoughtful eye But little pride of prelacy: More pleased that, in a barbarous age. He gave rude Scotland Virgil's page, Than that beneath his rule he held The bishopric of fair Dtmkeld.
Page 23 - ... which we must surrender if a fuller knowledge shows that they are untenable. In a word, we believe that there are certain permanent principles regulating the changes in our language, which, in the derived scientific sense of the word, we call laws; and if we find that these principles act in other languages as well as our own, we say that these laws, or some of them, are universal in their application; and this is the justification of our claim that there is a Science of Language.
Page 66 - ... line between ascertained fact and uncertain, though perhaps probable, conjecture is so clearly drawn that the reader cannot well go wrong. Thus, after describing the different members of the Indo-European or Aryan group of languages, the author arrives at the following well-founded conclusions : — " It is possible to trace back singly the different lines of speech which we have briefly described, and to arrive at a common Indo-European language, which must have been spoken by a fairly civilized...
Page 131 - The other shape, If shape it might be called that shape had none Distinguishable in member, joint or limb; Or substance might be called that shadow seemed; For each seemed either; black it stood as night, Fierce as ten furies, terrible as Hell, And shook a dreadful dart; what seemed his head The likeness of a kingly crown had on...
Page 67 - ... and they divided their time by months, according to the moon (the measurer). In religion they had no clear term for God, but seem to have personified the sky as the Heavenfather, the source of light and life. Clearly such a race as this, so far advanced in the knowledge of the necessaries and even many of the comforts of life, differed widely from the infinite number of savage races which even now occupy the world : it is not among the Indo-Europeans that we must look for the first beginning...