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Supernumerary field-officers, (if there be any,) on the right and left of the commandant in chief, and a little in his rear;

The adjutant, in rear of the commandant in chief, and on the line of the chiefs of batteries; the other supernumerary officers, on the same rank, and on the left of the adjutant;

The acting adjutants attached to the commandants of division, in their rear, on the line of the chiefs of section.

To pass in Review.

In marching past, either by sections, half-batteries, or batteries, the commandant in chief marches at the head of the column, twelve paces in advance of the chief of the first battery;

Supernumerary field-officers, on the right and left of the commandant in chief, and a little in his rear;

Commandants of division, on the side towards the guide of the chief of their first battery, and a little in advance of him;

The adjutant, two paces in rear of the commandant in chief;

The supernumerary officers, in the same rank, and on the left of the adjutant;

The acting adjutants attached to the commandants of division, in their rear, on the left, and on a line with the chief of the first section, if marching past by sections or by half-batteries; and on the left of the chief of the second section, if it be by batteries.

In reviews with other troops, the batteries will be aligned in such manner as to have the heads of the leading horses on the line. To effect this, the drivers of the leaders dress on the rear rank of infantry, or on the front rank of cavalry. In the first case, the commandants of division, the chiefs of batteries and of sections, retire to the line of the leading horses; in the second case, they remain at their places in line.

In the manœuvres, the chiefs of pieces dress on the front rank of the troops, and the officers are at their places in line. For the formations in line and in battery, the drivers of the wheel horses of the pieces dress on the file-closers of infantry, or on the front rank of cavalry. In all cases, the interval between the artillery and other troops shall be at least fiftyfour paces.

RULES FOR THE WORDS OF COMMAND.

The commandant in chief will give the general words of command, which relate to the movement he may wish to have executed.

The commandants of divisions will always repeat these commands.

The word Attention will be repeated by the chiefs of battery, who give the words which relate to their batteries immediately after the general commands, and, without regarding each other, execute the preparatory movements, which ought, in their batteries, to precede the execution of the general movement.

In case a chief of battery, not having understood the general words of command, sees an adjoining battery execute a movement, he will immediately execute the same.

The commandant in chief and the chiefs of batteries will each have a trumpeter or bugler near him in all the movements.

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Being in Line, to break into Column of Sections or Half-Batteries.

1.

2.

FIRST CASE. By one of the Flanks of the Line.

(As in School of the Battery, Nos. 5, 7, 13.)

SECOND CASE. By one of the Flanks of each Division,
Advancing or in Retreat.

The commandant in chief commands,

1. Attention. 2. On first section (or half-battery) of divisions—front into column. 3. MARCH.

The chiefs of the first and third batteries command,

On first section (or half-battery)—front into column;

the chiefs of the second and fourth batteries,

By sections (or half-batteries)-front into column.

In order to break in retreat, by sections or half-batteries, from the left of each division, (for example,) the second and fourth batteries break in retreat, and the first and third arrange themselves in column in rear of them.

3. THIRD CASE. By one of the Flanks of each Battery, Advancing or in Retreat.

The commandant in chief commands,

1. Attention. 2. On first section (or half-battery) of batteries-front into column. 3. MARCH.

Each chief of battery causes his battery to break to the front into column, as has been explained in the School of the Battery, Nos. 5 and 10.

4.

To break into column in retreat, is executed in the same manner.

FOURTH CASE. By Sections or Half-Batteries, from the Centre of the Line, Advancing or in Retreat, (for example, by Half-Batteries.)

The commandant in chief commands,

1. Attention. 2. By half-batteries from the centre-front into column. 3. MARCH.

At the second command, the chief of the second battery orders,
On left half-battery-front into column;

the chief of the third battery,

On right half-battery-front into column ;

the chief of the first battery,

By half-batteries-left into column ;

the chief of the fourth battery,

By half-batteries-right into column.

All repeat the command MARCH.

To break by sections from the centre, and in retreat, is performed in a similar manner.

5.

ARTICLE SECOND.

Being in Line, to form Column on any given Battery, (for example, the second.)

The commandant in chief commands,

1. Attention. 2. Column of batteries-on second battery-right in front. 3. MARCH.

At the second command, the line of caissons closes at a trot to the length of a piece from the line of pieces.

The chief of the first battery commands,

Pieces and caissons-left wheel.

The chief of the second battery cautions it to stand fast.
The chiefs of the third and fourth batteries command,

Pieces and caissons-right wheel.

At the word MARCH, repeated by the chiefs of batteries, they each execute the movement ordered, and, when it is completed, these chiefs command,

FORWARD.

The chief of the first battery, placed by the side of his sixth piece, directs his battery to the front, so as to enter the column, closing near to the second battery, and following a line parallel to it. The line of caissons marches parallel to that of the pieces. The sixth piece of the first battery having arrived nearly abreast the sixth piece of the second battery, the chief of the first commands,

Pieces and caissons-right wheel-MARCH. Halt. Left dress.

The chief of the third battery, placed by the side of his first piece, directs it to the rear, and enters the column in the same manner as has been explained for the first battery. The chief of this battery halts in his own person, at the point on which his sixth piece ought to rest, and then commands, ⚫

Pieces and caissons-left wheel-MARCH. Halt. Left dress.

The fourth battery governs itself by the third, as that is governed by the second.

The movement is similar, if the column be formed on any other battery, right or left in front.

If the formation be in battery, the commandant in chief previously executes a wheel-about with the pieces and caissons, and the manœuvre resolves itself into the case above stated.

PART II.

TO MARCH IN COLUMN, CHANGE DIRECTION, AND HALT THE COLUMN; TO FORM THE BATTERIES, AND BREAK THEM.

ARTICLE FIRST.

To march in Column, and change Direction.

6. 1st. The principles of the march of the column of batteries are the same for each as those prescribed in the School of the Battery, No. 59, for the march in line.

7. 2d. To change Direction to the Left (for example.)

The commandant in chief commands,

Head of column—left wheel.

At this command, which shall not be repeated, the chief of the first battery causes it to change direction to the left, conforming to the principles detailed in the School of the Battery, No. 61.

The other batteries change their direction in succession, at the same point as the first.

The change of direction to the right is effected on the same principles. 8. If it be desirable to change the direction of the whole column by a simultaneous movement, the commandant in chief commands,

Change direction; Pieces and caissons—right (or left) wheel, and the movement is executed in each battery by the command of its chief, and in such manner as to establish it in the new direction.

In case a part of the column has already changed its direction, (for example, the two first batteries,) and it is wished immediately to establish the two last batteries in the new direction, the commandant in chief commands, Third and fourth batteries-change direction; Pieces and caissons— right (or left) wheel.

These batteries move into the new direction at the command and under the conduct of their respective chiefs.

9. If it be desirable to change the direction of the column, to face to the side opposite to that of its march, after having halted the column, the commandant in chief commands,

1. Attention. 2. Countermarch. 3. MARCH.

At the second command, the chiefs of batteries give the orders prescribed for the countermarch, in the School of the Battery, No. 81.

At the word MARCH, repeated by all the chiefs of batteries, the movement is executed in each, as has been explained; only, each column of pieces makes immediately its two changes of direction to the left; each column of caissons passes near that of the caissons of the battery which precedes it.

10.

3d. To halt the Column.

The commandant in chief commands,

1. Attention; 2. Column; 3. HALT;

as in the School of the Battery.

ARTICLE SECOND.

11. Being in Column of Sections or Half-Batteries, marching Right in Front, to form Column of Batteries.

The commandant in chief commands,

1. Attention. 2. Form batteries. 3. MARCH.

At the word MARCH, the chief of the first battery causes it to form line according to the principles established in the School of the Battery, Nos. 21 and 23. The line of caissons takes its distance of the length of a piece from the line of pieces.

The other batteries continue to march in column of sections or half-bat

teries.* When the head of the second battery has arrived at the distance which should separate it from the first, it takes the pace from it, and immediately after forms its line at the command of its chief.

The third and fourth batteries are formed successively in the same manner as the second.t

If the left be in front, the manœuvre is similar.

In case the commandant in chief wishes to form the column of batteries, and halt it, which is more convenient for foot-artillery, he will send an order to that effect to the chief of the first battery, who, after having formed it, halts and aligns it by the left.

The other batteries govern themselves by the first, and halt at their respective distances.

ARTICLE THIRD.

12. Being in Column of Batteries on a March, Right in Front, to break into Column of Half-Batteries or Sections.

The commandant in chief commands,

1. Attention. 2. Break into half-batteries (or sections.‡) 3. MARCH. At the word MARCH, the chief of the first battery causes it to break off, as has been prescribed in the School of the Battery, Nos. 27 and 29.

The other batteries continue to march, and, when they have arrived on the ground where the first was broken, they execute in succession their movement on the same principles and by the same commands as the first.§

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DIFFERENT METHODS OF PASSING FROM COLUMN INTO LINE, OR INTO BATTERY.

ARTICLE FIRST.

Being in Column of Sections or Half-Batteries, to form in Line, or in Battery.

FIRST CASE. Having the Right or Left in Front.

1st. To the Front.

2d. To the Left (or Right.)

3d. On the Right (or on the Left.) 4th. Faced to the Rear.

SECOND CASE. Having the centre Sections or Half-Batteries

in Front.

3d. Faced to the Rear.

2d. To the Right (or Left.)

1st. To the Front.

*In foot-artillery, they quicken the pace, and in horse-artillery, they trot.

In foot-artillery, it is necessary to slacken the pace of the head of the column very much, in order that all the batteries may form and close to their proper distances. The commandant in chief cautions the chief of the first battery to do this.

In horse-artillery, he adds, Head of column-trot.

In foot-artillery, all the broken batteries quicken the pace, until the last has completed its movement. Then the commandant in chief cautions the head of the column to resume the ordinary pace. In horse-artillery, he commands, Walk-MARCH,

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