they never suspected me. I felt I was justified in doing this not only because I was getting ten cents a pound from the Company, which the new Company never offered to pay me, but also because the new dye was not really so good as the old dye and much more expensive in the end. By doing this trick I saved K.'s at least fifty dollars a week.

From Norristown this deponent moved to Utica, N.Y., where he worked for the R. S. Company and received graft from Kalle & Company.

'I was paid (he states) by Ervin Smith, salesman for Kalle & Company. He paid me from five cents a pound to twentyfive cents a pound for all dyes sold by Kalle & Company while I was there. When I first went there, Smith was afraid to approach me about graft, and he got Albin Benedict, the former dyer for the R. S. Company, to write me three letters explaining how graft was paid him while he was in that mill so that I would understand about it. Then Smith wrote me enclosing a slip showing how much was due me for two stuff sold me by Kalle & Company-one a softener and the other a cotton yellow. After I was at the R. S. Company about four months, McAdams, the treasurer of the Company, sent for me and wanted to know if graft was being paid to me. I said No," and McAdams said he didn't believe me, and wanted m to explain how it was done. I refused, and the upshot was resigned. After that I couldn't get a job for love or money in New York State, and I believe McAdams must have put me on a black list. I went to several mills in the neighbour hood and couldn't get a job.

66

After I lost my job at the R. S. Company, Benedict sen for me to come to see him at his hotel at Troy, N.Y which he had bought out when he retired as a dyer. H sent me my railroad ticket. He was afraid I had betraye him to the R. S. Company. When I got there, he and Smit were waiting for me and demanded the letters they ha written to me. I said I had burned them. They said the didn't believe it, and prepared an affidavit for me to sign. stating that I never received graft from Kalle & Company that I never received letters from Benedict, etc. All the tim they kept giving me whisky until I was about half-ful Then they brought in a man who they said was a Notar Public, but they couldn't find any Bible; and Smith finall said, "Well, we don't need any Bible, just sign your nam here anyway, Chris." Then I signed it, because I knew i was no good; the man was not a Notary, and I couldn swear because they couldn't find a Bible.'

The imagination of the manager of the Farbenfabriken Company was stirred to activity when other dye competing Companies (probably English) threatened to gain a footing. How this emergency was handled appears in the affidavit of William Voris Gundy (already mentioned), who says:

'In addition to the facts that I set forth in my previous affidavits, among other things I now recall that, after going to work for the Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld Company, some time after first working for them-possibly in the year 1904— while I was working as head chemist in the laboratory of the Farbenfabriken, Mr Keppelman, the manager, sent for me to come up to his office (as he always did when he had instructions for me), and told me that they had been furnishing dyestuffs for a certain mill in Philadelphia-the name of which mill I do not recall-and that the dyer of this mill was working in the interests of the Farbenfabriken and had informed Mr Keppelman that a competitor was trying to get into this mill and displace the Farbenfabriken's dyestuffs; and Mr Keppelman asked me to experiment in the laboratory on different chemicals in order to find the right kind of a chemical, or combination of chemicals, that would successfully spoil and ruin the dyestuffs of this proposed rival. The idea was that this chemical would form a very small package and could be adroitly carried by the dyer, or his second man under his directions, and dropped into the dye tub while they would be casually passing by, and thereby ruin the dye bath.

'I named several chemicals to Mr Keppelman as being the proper chemicals to do this, and among other things that I named I remember mentioning zinc dust. Mr Keppelman said these chemicals were all right so far as spoiling the dye was concerned, but that it would go too far and destroy too much of the colour, so that the game would be almost instantly detected. On the contrary, Mr Keppelman said what they wanted was simply something to make it bronzy or streaked, which would be sufficient to affect the dye, ruin the goods dyed, and prevent the competitors from getting the business.

'I then went back to the laboratory and worked on lifferent chemicals and combinations of chemicals; and, ccording to my present recollection, I worked at this for bout a week before I succeeded in finding the right kind of a ombination or chemical preparation that would do what Mr Keppelman wanted. I finally succeeded in effecting and Vol. 282.-No. 460,

D

making this preparation, and gave it to Mr Keppelman. I have no doubt it was sent by him in some way to the dyer and accomplished its proper purpose, as I never heard any objection to it afterwards.

'At other times after this I remember on various occasions, at Mr Keppelman's request, I would either give him the names of different chemicals that would affect and spoil various dyes, or else I would work on chemical preparations that would accomplish this purpose. These chemicals and preparations would then be given to him by myself, and I would hear nothing more about them, but I am sure they must have gone out to the 'dyers as they were intended, and successfully accomplished the purpose for which they were intended.

'Even before I was asked to make this first preparation by Mr Keppelman, and while I was working in the chemical laboratory, I knew from my predecessor there as head-chemist, X. Y., who now lives at that these chemical preparations were being constantly made by the Farbenfabriken in order to spoil the dyestuffs of rival and competing houses.

'Mr Y. had been there quite a number of years, and was doing this work, among his other duties for the Farbenfabriken, during all the time I was there, and had been doing it before I was employed by them. I think it was about 1904, or thereabouts, that Mr Y. left. I remember that Mr Y. was somewhat conscientious, and this was one of the duties that he was called upon to do for his employer that he rather balked at.'

What happened to the chemicals invented by Mr Gundy is shown in the evidence of Richard Meyer:

'On many occasions, I recall that, although the exact dates do not occur to my mind, dyestuff was brought in and tried from other Companies, but on each occasion I so managed that it would either spoil the goods or be so unsatisfactory in its result that the mill believed that the dyestuff from these other Companies was no good, and therefore would not buy from them.'

Mr Keppelman kept several motor cars, and the evidence of his chauffeur, C. S. Kille, has interest:

'I remember on very many occasions taking Mr Keppelman in his automobile to different houses of men whom I afterwards ascertained to be dyers. On some of these occasions, according to Mr Keppelman's instructions to me, I

Kwould stop the car around the corner from the address where we were going, and Mr Keppelman would get out and walk round the corner to the house. Mr Keppelman would tell ne on these occasions, if any one asked whose car it was, root to tell. Among the addresses to which I often took Mr Leppelman are the following:

fect 1823, E. Tioga St (address of William Fischer, dyer).

1821, E. Lippincott St (address of August Dede, dyer).

1906, E. Venango St (address of Chris. Eisfeld, dyer). 615, Locust Avenue, Germantown (address of Tommy Driscoll, dyer at Bradford Mills).

1347, Hunting Park Avenue (address of Kirgeis, dyer; hind William Zipper, chemist for Farbenfabriken).

'1217, E. Allegheny Avenue (address of E. F. and H. F.). Also a lettered street in Olney (address of William Schuin ann, Jnr., dyer for U. V. W.).

'Also I took him down to a beer saloon in Chester, I do it just remember the street, where he met men. On some

of re

for

casions we would pick men up on the street who looked home to be dyers, by appointment, and after taking them ound in the automobile for an hour or so would let them it again. I also went to many other addresses with Mr dppelman in the car, which addresses I cannot just recall W, but will remember them later on or when my attention particularly called to them. I remember once taking Mr eppelman in the car on a Sunday afternoon out Broad reet, Miss Gaul accompanying him, and at Mr Keppelman's structions, I stopped the car on Broad Street and he gave a long envelope which felt to me as if it was full of lough," and at Mr Keppelman's instructions I took this ound the corner in Allegheny Avenue, I think it was 1912, legheny Avenue, and delivered it in person to Mr H. F.

of the

Mr Keppelman never told me directly what he was doing, t I had a good idea that he was doing something crooked th these dyers right along, and that these trips, conferes and appointments were for this purpose. He always ried with him a portfolio bag and sometimes a black grip, sometimes had a revolver in the black grip for some

pose.'

Mr Keppelman, who has acquired more or less fame the ingenuity and thoroughness of his methods, hired acht during the summer, whose cruises became popular certain dye circles and whose career has since attracted haps undue interest. interest. Modesty made it extremely ficult, except in the close confidence of conversation,

to obtain detailed evidence of the courtesy and favours extended during these cruises. But one may gather that, invitations having been sent to certain of the dyers who had large orders in their gift, they would accept and find society which, if not congenial, was intended to be so, on board the yacht.. If they objected, suggestion and reflection were sufficient to convince them of the wisdom of silence; if they found the programme attractive, there was surely no reason for them to talk. In either case, Mr Keppelman got the orders for dyes.

C. S. Kille gives us a glimpse of life on board the yacht

'I also have a distinct recollection of Mr Keppelman' yacht. He has had three yachts, each one of which has beer called the "Ilsa," after his daughter. The yacht he now ha is called "Ilsa III." It has been all winter in winter quarter at Essington, and is now being refitted for the season of 1913 I believe Mr Keppelman is a member of the Delaware Rive Yacht Club. I filled different positions on board this yacht being sometimes chief engineer, and purser, and other time acting as brass polisher. Mr Keppelman would take me alon for company, and I remember one night late I was summone to come on board his yacht in order to take the place of th engineer who had left and gone to Baltimore on a drunk I have a complete log-book which I kept myself for th yacht for 1909. Many parties have been held on board thi yacht; and among these parties would sometimes be men wh were the managers, superintendents, foremen or owners o mills at different places, and who were either customers Mr Keppelman or men whom he wanted to entertain.

'The boat was always well stocked and provided with wines, eatables and every possible luxury. At these partie they drank whisky, champagne, wine and beer. Many time he would have Miss Gaul and her lady friends on board, neve Mrs Keppelman. I remember among these ladies was Mis Isabella Ennis, the manicurist over Fox's Flower Store o South Broad Street, just below the Ritz-Carlton Hotel. Id not know whether the others were manicurists or not. The were pretty gay ladies, and altogether they would have quit jolly parties. I remember one time the mate, Albert Carlson fell overboard and went to the bottom of the river and man had to fish him out. Both Mr Keppelman, his guest and the crew had lively times on board this boat.'

As will be gathered from these statements, the testimony of Miss Gaul, the private secretary, would