Article 41 1. The Court shall have the power to indicate, if it considers that circumstances so require, any provisional measures which ought to be taken to preserve the respective rights of either party. 2. Pending the final decision, notice of the measures suggested shall forthwith be given. to the parties and to the Security Council. Article 42 1. The parties shall be represented by agents. 2. They may have the assistance of counsel or advocates before the Court. 3. The agents, counsel, and advocates of parties before the Court shall enjoy the privileges and immunities necessary to the independent exercise of their duties. Article 43 1. The procedure shall consist of two parts: written and oral. 2. The written proceedings shall consist of the communication to the Court and to the parties of memorials, counter-memorials and, if necessary, replies; also all papers and documents in support. 3. These communications shall be made through the Registrar, in the order and within the time fixed by the Court. 4. A certified copy of every document produced by one party shall be communicated to the other party. 5. The oral proceedings shall consist of the hearing by the Court of witnesses, experts, agents, counsel, and advocates. Article 44 1. For the service of all notices upon persons other than the agents, counsel, and advocates, the Court shall apply direct to the government of the state upon whose territory the notice has to be served. 2. The same provision shall apply whenever steps are to be taken to procure evidence on the spot. Article 45 The hearing shall be under the control of the President or, if he is unable to preside, of the Vice-President; if neither is able to preside, the senior judge present shall preside. Article 46 The hearing in Court shall be public, unless the Court shall decide otherwise, or unless the parties demand that the public be not admitted. Article 47 1. Minutes shall be made at each hearing and signed by the Registrar and the President. 2. These minutes alone shall be authentic. Article 48 The Court shall make orders for the conduct of the case, shall decide the form and time in which each party must conclude its arguments, and make all arrangements connected with the taking of evidence. Article 49 The Court may, even before the hearing begins, call upon the agents to produce any document or to supply any explanations. Formal note shall be taken of any refusal. Article 50 The Court may, at any time, entrust any individual, body, bureau, commission, or other organization that it may select, with the task of carrying out an enquiry or giving an expert opinion. Article 51 During the hearing any relevant questions are to be put to the witnesses and experts under the conditions laid down by the Court in the rules of procedure referred to in Article 30. Article 52 After the Court has received the proofs and evidence within the time specified for the purpose, it may refuse to accept any further oral or written evidence that one party may unless the other side consents. desire to present Article 53 1. Whenever one of the parties does not appear before the Court, or fails to defend its case, the other party may call upon the Court to decide in favor of its claim. 2. The Court must, before doing so, satisfy itself, not only that it has jurisdiction in accordance with Articles 36 and 37, but also that the claim is well founded in fact and law. Article 54 1. When, subject to the control of the Court, the agents, counsel, and advocates have completed their presentation of the case, the President shall declare the hearing closed. 2. The Court shall withdraw to consider the judgment. 3. The deliberations of the Court shall take place in private and remain secret. Article 55 1. All questions shall be decided by a majority of the judges present. 2. In the event of an equality of votes, the President or the judge who acts in his place shall have a casting vote. Article 56 1. The judgment shall state the reasons on which it is based. 2. It shall contain the names of the judges who have taken part in the decision. Article 57 If the judgment does not represent in whole or in part the unanimous opinion of the judges, any judge shall be entitled to deliver a separate opinion. Article 58 The judgment shall be signed by the President and by the Registrar. It shall be read in open court, due notice having been given to the agents. Article 59 The decision of the Court has no binding force except between the parties and in respect of that particular case. Article 60 The judgment is final and without appeal. In the event of dispute as to the meaning or scope of the judgment, the Court shall construe it upon the request of any party. Article 61 1. An application for revision of a judgment may be made only when it is based upon |