OPERA.

the Consular District of Frankfort,' 212, 480.

Opera, history of, 203, 81-85. Opposition party, system of, in Parliament, 210, 611.

Orange, Prince William of, his reception of the Earl of Ailesbury, 203, 561-his marriage, 214, 78-state entry at the Hague, 79.

Free State, grant of responsible government, 204, 380.

adoption of the Act of

Union, 210, 730.

-, growth of population, 220,

539. 'Orang-Malâyn,' or true Malays, 207,

180. 'Orang-utan' or men of the forest' tribes, 207, 180-three groups, 188. See Magic.

Orca Gladiator or Killer, its characteristics, 216, 413.

Orcagna, Bernard, his fresco of Hell, 211, 395.

Oregon, system of legislation, 214, 526.

Oriental Art, 212, 225. See Art. Origen, his services to Christian theology, 221, 10.

Originality and Convention in Literature, 204, 26. See Literature.

Origins, Christian, The Study of, in France and England, 221, 1. See Christian.

Orioles, colours of the, 213, 140. Orléans, Duchesse d', characteristics of her letters, 204, 410-414.

Philippe d', his relations with Mdme du Deffand, 218, 516. Orley, Barend van, his pictures, 211, 179.

Orme, P. De T., 217, 149-his buildings, 151 erects the Château

OSTROGORSKI.

d'Anet, ib.-literary works, and his plan of the Tuileries, 152-his character, ib.

Ormond, James Butler, First Duke of, 217, 460-his character and appearance, 461-succeeds to the peerage, 462-his friendship with Wentworth, ib.-in command of the Irish army, 463-attack on Catholics, ib.-victory at Kilrush, 464— installed Lord Lieutenant, ib.-his attitude towards the coming of O'Neill, 465-Glamorgan, 465-467 -the Nuncio, 467-Cromwell, 469 -passes into exile, ib.-his loyalty, 470-honours conferred, 477-Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, 477, 480administration, 478, 480-attempt on his life, ib.-death, 481.

James, First Duke of, Life of, viceroy of Ireland, 220, 434-effect on his career of his religious views, ib.-his policy, 435-Act of Settlement, 436-removed from office, 437-reappointed viceroy, 438.

Orpen, Goddard Henry, 'Ireland
under the Normans,' 220, 416.
Orr, J., The Problem of the Old
Testament,' 206, 186.

6

Osborn, Prof. H. Fairfield, his investigations into the ancestors of the modern Equidæ, 206, 549. Osborne judgment, the, 213, 570— proposed reversal, 582, 584. Osmond, Adelaide d', her birth, 210, 631-appearance and marriage, 633. See Boigne.

Ossory, Bishop of, his introduction to 'The Correspondence of Jonathan Swift,' 218, 67, 69.

Ossuna, Duke of, Viceroy of Naples, his plot to seize Venice, 210, 40. Ostrogorski, M., Organisation des Partis Politiques,' 203, 174 note; 210, 616.

Mogul Empire,' 219, 340.

Otter-trawl, use of an, 212, 168.

Ouse river, 213, 91.

Outlands, The Romance of the, 203,47-various novelists, 48-style of Pierre Loti, 49-R. Kipling, 50 -W. H. Hudson's The Purple Land,' 51- Green Mansions,' 5255-J. Conrad's works, 55–61-L. Hearn, 61-64-F. W. Bain, 64–67 -L. Becke, 67-69—A. J. Dawson, J. London, and M. Pickthall, 69— H. Clifford and R. B. Cunninghame Graham, 70-R. Hichens, ib.-E. Robins, 71.

Ovid and Shakespeare's Sonnets, 210, 455-popularity of the Metamorphoses, 455-457-Shakespeare's copy, 457-his mention of Ovid in his plays, 457-460-Golding's version used, 458 et seq.- Venus and Adonis,' 460- Lucrece,' 461 -the Sonnets, 462 et seq.-Meres' assertion, 463-analysis of the Metamorphoses, 463-465-Ovod's doctrine, 465—as philosopher, ib.— illustrations of his influence, 467474-and on Spenser's work, 475— high place of the Sonnets, 476. Oviedo, G. F. de, on the Indians' habit of smoking, 219, 128.

360 et seq.

218.

House, establishment of, 221,

Movement, The Origin and Historical Basis of the, 205, 196 -condition of the Church before the Oxford movement, 196-200the clergy, 200-influence of the Evangelicals, ib.-study of history, 201, 213-literature and arts, ib.revival of the religious spirit, 202 -views on the continuity of the Catholic Church, 203-206-doctrine of the Apostolical Succession, 206 -Theological Society and Library of Fathers founded, 207-various Tracts, 208-211-doctrine of the 'Via Media,' 210-Pusey's Eirenicon,' 212-compared with modern ritualism, ib.

6

University Reform, 214, 431— early efforts, ib.—work of the commissions, 431-434-Oxford Reform Association, 434-Bishop of Birmingham's proposed commission, 434-436-Lord Curzon's letter, 435 -methods of reform, ib.-enquiry into teaching, 436-Greek, 437— constitution of the university, ib.Convocation and Congregation, 438 -the statute of Faculties, 439results, ib.—the college system, 441 --complaints of tutors, 442-method of tuition, 443-new faculty organisation,ib.-the non-collegiate system, 444--reduction of expenditure, ib. re-distribution of scholarship funds, ib.-emoluments, 445 -tuition fees, 446-prize fellowships, 447-senior scholarships, 448

OXFORD.

-research work, ib.-proposed creation of a Finance Board, 449-451management of college estates, 452 -education of working men, ib.

Oxford University, relations with the colleges, 218, 541-teachers, ib. Ox-Warble maggots, 214, 114.

OZANANI.

Oxyrhynchus Papyri, discovery of, 208, 338, 342, 352. Oysters, the shell, 202, 485-method of fishing, 492-sale, 493-result of the larva of a cestode, 495number caught, 496.

Ozanani, A. F., Les Poètes Franciscains en Italie,' 212, 53.

Vol. 222.

PAARDEBERG.

Paardeberg, attack on, 205, 163-166. Pacca, Cardinal, his Edict of 1820, 214, 374, 380.

Pacific Islands, Western, 216, 61, 76. Pacificism, The New, 217, 202theories of Mr Angell, ib.-three phases, 204-economic aspect of war, 205-result of the FrancoGerman war, 206-208-of other wars, 209-211-the struggle of labour with capital, 211-condemnation of the vision of internationalism, 212-the views of M. Novikow, 213-216-Mr Lawson, 216218-Mr Grane, 218-Prof. W. James, 219.

Pacifico, Don, his claim for damages, 207, 584.

Packing industry in the United

States scandals, 207, 38–42. Paganism and Christianity, 213, 210. See Christianity.

Pagans and Christians, contrast between, 220, 60, 61.

Page, William, 'The Victoria County History: Somerset,' edited by, 209, 78.

Page-Turner pedigree, history of the, 205, 553.

Pagello, Dr, his relations with George

Sand, 216, 33; 220, 324.

Paget, General Sir A., his measures against Ulster, 220, 577-instructions from the Government, 578, 580, 587,

Painter, A Genre and his Critics, 208, 491. See Genre. Painters, Early Flemish, 211,156— works on, ib.-exhibitions of works of art, 157-the French 'Primitives,' 158-the four great patrons of artists, ib.-'Très riches Heures and the Book of Hours, 159-environment of the Van Eycks, ib.— accredited with their invention of oil-painting, 160--respective shares in painting, ib.-the works of R. van der Weyden, 161, 163-R. Campin, 161-Master of Flémalle, 162 J. Daret,163-panel-painting, 164 Geertgen, 165-Dirk Bouts, ib.-J. Mostaert, 166-Memling, ib. -anonymous Bruges artists, 167 -G. David, 168-A. Isenbrandt, 169-S. Marmion, ib.—Maître de Moulins, 170-miniature-painting, ib.-illustrations of the Grimani Breviary, 171-the miniatures of S. Binnink, ib.-J. Bosch, 172— his genre pictures, 173-followers, 174-H. met de Bles, ib.-Q. Metsys, 175-his 'Madonna Enthroned,' 176-portraits, 177—J. Gossaert, or Mabuse, ib.-B. van Orley, 179,

Painting, The Remains of Ancient, 210,429 Campanian frescoes, ib.various reproductions, 430, 431Greek use of colour, 431-433— limited range of hues, 433-development of true painting, 434painted marble slabs, 435-method of ancient wall-decoration, 436–

6

frescoes of the Villa Farnesina, 437 -Pompeii, 438, 442, 448-the Aldobrandini Marriage,' 438-441 -ceilings of the Golden House of Nero, 441-influence of Egypt, 442 -the Pompeian wall-paintings, 443-451-the 'Egyptian saloon,' 445 style of wall-painting of the houses, ib.-Odyssey landscape from the Esquiline, 446-architectural schemes of decoration, 447the 'Medea' of Timomachus, 448451- Ajax,' 449-Heracles and Telephus, 450-lack of creative power, 451-conventionality of prose, ib.-Egyptian remains, 452— Roman mosaics, 453-distinction between the art of the East and West, 454.

Pakington, Sir John, on the strength

of the navy, 219, 495.

Pal, Bipin Chandra, his loyalty to the British government, 210, 693. Paladini, Captain Osvaldo, on the Italian navy, 205, 314. Paleontology, the bearing of, on evolution by mutation, 211, 18. Palaiologos, Constantine, in possession

of the eastern portion of the Morea, 203, 127-character of his rule, ib. -besieged by the Turks, 128succeeds to the imperial title, 129.

Demetrios, relations with his brother Thomas, 203, 129, 133. -, Graitzas, his heroic defence against the Turks, 203, 134. Emperor John VI, 203, 127, Theodore II, 203, 127.

Lord, character of his foreign policy, 204, 280, 309-his Reformatory Schools Act, 205, 37-refusal of the leadership of the House of Commons, 207, 307 et seq.-responsibility in regard to the throne of Belgium, 565 correspondence with the Queen, 576, 577 — his character as Minister, 578-his return to the Foreign Office, 582— acts without consulting Queen Victoria, 582-584, 586, 594 - his high-handed methods, 584 — prevented from receiving M. Kossuth, ib.-reason for his dismissal, 586– and the 'Times,' 209, 541-his contributions to the 'Globe,' 543-tour in Germany in 1844, 583-attack on