CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI, Wisconsin L. H. FOUNTAIN, North Carolina LEE H. HAMILTON, Indiana E. ROSS ADAIR, Indiana WILLIAM S. MAILLIARD, California J. IRVING WHALLEY, Pennsylvania E. Y. BERRY, South Dakota BOYD CRAWFORD, Staff Administrator DORA B. MCCRACKEN, Staff Assistant JEAN E. SMITH, Staff Assistant PAULA L. PEAK, Staff Assistant SUBCOMMITTEE ON NATIONAL SECURITY POLICY AND SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTS [To deal with all matters affecting our foreign relations that concern matters of national security and scientific developments affecting foreign policy, including the national space program, mutual defense, and the operation of our high strategy generally] CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI, Wisconsin, Chairman WAYNE L. HAYS, Ohio ROBERT N. C. NIX, Pennsylvania VERNON W. THOMSON, Wisconsin JAMES G. FULTON, Pennsylvania JOHN H. SULLIVAN, Staff Consultant Hon. John Dellenback, a Representative in Congress from the State of Hon. Donald M. Fraser, a Representative in Congress from the State 2 Dr. Joshua Lederberg, professor of genetics, Stanford University... Han Swyter, former member of the staff of the Secretary of Defense_- Dr. Judith S. Bellin, Women Strike for Peace, New York--- Hon. Robert W. Kastenmeier, a Representative in Congress from the W. Bowman Cutter, Chief, Advanced Weapons Division, Science and Technology Bureau, Arms Control and Disarmament Agency‒‒‒‒‒‒ Howard Furnas, special assistant to the Director, Arms Control and Letter to Hon. Clement J. Zablocki from Allan M. Parrent, Department of International Affairs, National Council of the Churches of Christ in the U.S.A., and resolution concerning chemical and biological weapons....... Correspondence from Edward F. Snyder, Friends Committee on National Legislation, and reports on chemical and biological warfare activities by the National Action/Research on the Military Industrial Complex special Letter to the Editor of the New York Times, December 9, 1969, from Philip Noel-Baker, London, England---- Analysis of differences and replies on chemical and biological warfare from Departments and Ambassador Yost, by Hon. Richard D. McCarthy_ Columns relating to chemical and biological warfare by Joshua Lederberg- Statistical analysis of teratogenic effects of pesticides, by the Biometry Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences-- Report of the Secretary General of the United Nations on chemical and bacteriological (biological) weapons and the effects of their possible Proceedings of the Conference on Chemical and Biological Warfare, spon- sored by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Salk INTRODUCTION In November 1969 identical resolutions on chemical and biological warfare, sponsored or cosponsored by some 108 Members of Congress, were referred for consideration to the Subcommittee on National Security Policy and Scientific Developments. These resolutions called upon the President to (a) resubmit to the Senate for ratification the Geneva Protocol of 1925, (b) conduct an extensive intra-governmental review of CBW policies, and (c) reassert America's traditional “nofirst-use" policy on lethal chemical and biological agents. Exactly 1 week after the subcommittee had opened hearings on the resolutions, the President in an historic statement on November 25 announced his intention to resubmit the protocol to the Senate. In addition, he unilaterally renounced all future use of biological weapons on the part of the United States and pledged to work for new agreements which would universally ban biological warfare. Although the President's action had rendered the resolutions moot, the subcommittee continued its inquiry into international aspects of chemical and biological warfare. Its objectives were three: First, it sought to deepen congressional and public understanding of the considerations involved in Senate ratification of the Geneva Protocol. Second, it attempted to shed additional light on other issues which had been raised both domestically and internationally on America's CBW policies, particularly the use of chemical agents such as tear gas and herbicides in Vietnam. Third, the subcommittee looked beyond the ratification of the protocol to the requirements for new international agreements to control the spread and use of chemical and, particularly, biological weapons. In its efforts the subcommittee was fortunate to have the cooperation of a distinguished group of witnesses, including Members of Congress, private experts, representatives of interested organizations and spokesmen for the Departments of Defense and State, and the Arms. Control and Disarmament Agency. Their testimony provides a significant body of information and opinion on chemical and biological warfare. In order to present as comprehensive a record as possible, an appendix of related documents also has been included. This volume is being released now because of its timely relevance to the current national discussion of Senate ratification of the Geneva Protocol and related CBW issues. Following further review of the information received during the hearing, the subcommittee intends, in the near future, to release a report of its analysis, findings, and recommendations. JANUARY 29, 1970. CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI, Chairman, Subcommittee on National Security Policy and Scientific Developments. (V) |