The principal purpose of this section is to provide for the transfer of the U.S. Disarmament Administration to the new Agency. Moreover, this is the only transfer which it is intended would take place before the next session of Congress.

The committee may therefore wish to limit the broad language of section 47 and substitute a new section such as the following:

"TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS TO DIRECTOR

"SEC. 47. (a) Subject to the provisions of this section, the President, by executive order, may transfer to the Director any activities or facilities of any Government agency which relate primarily to disarmament. In connection with any such transfer, the President may, under this section or other applicable authority, provide for appropriate transfers of records, property, civilian personnel and funds.

"All appropriations and unexpended balances of appropriations transferred pursuant to this section shall be available for expenditure by the Director for any and all objects of expenditure authorized by this Act, without regard to the requirements of apportionment under section 665 of title 31.

"(b) Whenever any such transfer is made before January 1, 1962, the President shall transmit to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President pro tempore of the Senate a full and complete report concerning the nature and effect of such transfer.

"(c) After December 31, 1961, no transfer shall be made under this section until (1) a full and complete report concerning the nature and effect of such proposed transfer has been transmitted by the President to the Congress, and (2) the first period of sixty calendar days of regular session of the Congress following the date of receipt of such report by the Congress has expired without adoption by the Congress of a concurrent resolution stating that the Congress does not favor such transfer."

This language is derived in part from that appearing in the National Space and Aeronautics Act of 1958 (42 U.S.C. sec. 2453 (1958 ed)).

9. Factors relating to the prevention of war.-Senator Clark suggested the addition of the words "under world law" in subsection 31 (1) of the bill so that, as amended, the subsection would authorize the Director to enter into contracts or other arrangements for research concerning :

"(1) the scientific, economic, political, legal, social, psychological, military, and technological factors related to the prevention of war with a view to a better understanding of how the basic structure of a lasting peace under world law may be established."

An amendment of this nature might improve the bill's language. However, to make the amendment consistent with the statement of purpose contained in section 2 of the bill, it should take the following form:

"(1) the scientific, economic, political, legal, social, psychological, military, and technological factors related to the prevention of war with a view to a better understanding of how the goal described in section 2 may be achieved." The goal described in section 2 is "a world which is free from the scourge of war and the dangers and burdens of armaments; in which the use of force has been subordinated to the rule of law; and in which international adjustments to a changing world are achieved peacefully." Reference to section 2 will thus include not only the idea of peace under law but also the requirements that provision be made for peaceful adjustments to world changes.

10. Advisory Committee.-Senator Clark had two suggestions concerning the Advisory Committee. One was that the language of section 26 be amended to require the Committee to meet at least twice a year, and the second was that it proffer advice to the President as well as the Director.

It is hoped that the Committee will take an active part in disarmament planning and meet much more often than twice a year. A provision requiring semiannual meetings might be looked upon by members of the Committee as an indication that the Congress did not intend frequent meetings. Thus, a minimum requirement of two meetings per year might tend to reduce the actual number of meetings to something close to two.

There is also no need to amend section 26 to require submission of the Committee's conclusions to the President. The Director will, of course, advise the President periodically of the Committee's activities. But if the Committee is

to fulfill the role expected of it it will meet fairly regularly with the Director and his staff. It would be impractical to burden the President with all the advice the Committee may render to the Director. Moreover, a requirement that the Committee report to the President as well as the Director would raise the question whether it should also report to the Secretary of State.

11. Economic planning as a fifth function.—Mr. Norman Thomas urged that the Committee amend section 2 of the bill to add economic planning as fifth function of the Agency. The first function listed in section 2 is research for disarmament policy formulation. This includes economic research as well as a number of other fields of research described in section 31 (see subsections 31 (h) and (1)). No reason appears why economic research should be singled out above all other fields of research for special reference in section 2.

12. Deletion of "ultimate" in the statement of goal in section 2.-Mr. Samuel Levering suggested the elimination of the word "ultimate" in the statement of goal in section 2. While we might all wish that achievement of the goal stated in section 2 was close, reality requires recognition of the fact that it is not. It therefore seems appropriate to retain the word "ultimate."

13. Miscellaneous amendments.-The following miscellaneous amendments to S. 2180 should be made:

1. Delete section 48 (5).

2. In section 48, page 20, line 23, change "Director" to "Agency".

3. In section 48, page 20, line 24, change "him" to "it".

4. In section 48, page 21, line 1, change the first "him" to "the Director”.

5. In section 3(c), page 4, line 2, add "for World Peace and Security", after the word "Agency".

6. In section 48 (9), page 22, line 21, substitute "34" for "3".

2. UNCLASSIFIED STUDIES ON DISARMAMENT AND ARMS CONTROL

DEPARTMENT OF STATE

I. Contracted study

1. "National Conduct in Political and Military Crises." Study prepared for U.S. Disarmament Administration by Dr. Thomas C. Schelling of Harvard University.

This is a study of national conduct in political and military crises that threaten to erupt into general war. It focuses on measures, both unilateral and those taken in collaboration with the Soviet Union, that may reduce the danger of accidents, false alarms, and miscalculations that might aggravate the danger of thermonuclear war.

Approval date: June 1960.

Completion date: August 8, 1961.

Cost: $5,000.

II. Internal studies and papers

1. "Geneva Conference on the Discontinuance of Nuclear Weapon Tests." Prepared by the U.S. Disarmament Administration.

Brief history of political and technical developments of the negotiations from October 31, 1958, to August 22, 1960. Originally published in Department of State Bulletin, September 26, 1960. Reprinted as Department of State Publication, No. 7090.

Completion date: September 1960.

2. "International Agreements to Outlaw Chemical and Bacteriological Weapons and the Record of the Use of Poison Gas." Prepared by the Historical Office, Bureau of Public Affairs.

An historical review concerning international agreements on chemical and bacteriological weapons (includes information on the present status, scope of coverage and control provisions, if any), international agreements prohibiting use of poison or poisoned weapons, a brief outline of the problem of control, and a résumé of relevant information on the actual use of poison gas in war. Completion date: November 1960.

3. "Disarmament at a Glance." Paper prepared by the U.S. Disarmament

Administration.

This pamphlet, first published in July 1960, sets in perspective the positions of the United States, the allied powers, and the Soviet bloc on various aspects of the problem of arms limitation and control. Originally covering positions as they stood on June 27, 1960, the publication has since been expanded to include subsequent changes and modifications.

Completion date: July 1961 (revised).

4. "Documents on Disarmament, 1945-60." Prepared by the Historical Office, Bureau of Public Affairs.

These volumes contain selected papers from the Geneva Conference on the Discontinuance of Nuclear Weapon Tests, the Ten Nation Committee, the U.N. Disarmament Commission, the U.N. General Assembly and other significant statements on disarmament and related subjects. (3 vols.) State Department publication numbers 7008 and 7172.

Completion dates: Volumes I and II, August 1960; vol. III, July 1961.

5. "A Basic Bibliography: Disarmament, Arms Control, and National Security." Prepared by the U.S. Disarmament Administration.

A brief annotated list of books, pamphlets, and articles on disarmament, arms control, and related topics prepared as a preliminary introductory guide for the increasing volume of scholarly and popular writing in this field. It has been published as State Department Publication No. 7193.

Completion date: June 1961.

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

Project: U.S. Unilateral Arms Control Measures and the Setting for Disarmament Negotiations

Name of sponsoring agency: Department of Defense.

Person in agency in charge: L. Addison Lanier, Director for Disarmament, Assistant Secretary of Defense (International Security Affairs).

Amount and term of support: $15,984 for this and study: "Some Thoughts on the Balance of Power Under General and Complete Disarmament." Date of approval of project: April 6, 1961.

A brief summary of the project: "U.S. Unilateral Arms Control Measures and the Setting for Disarmament Negotiations." The study examines the feasibility and desirability of the United States implementing unilateral arms control measures, including specific measures, and the impact of this action on current or future disarmament negotiations.

Project: International Military Force

Name of sponsoring agency: Department of Defense.

Person in agency in charge: L. Addison Lanier, Director for Disarmament, Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (ISA).

Amount and term of support: Not costed (to be completed by JCS).

Date of approval of project: July 14, 1961.

A brief summary of the project: To analyze the international military force to include the missions that the force could perform; the requirements necessary for effective performance; the feasibility of utilizing the international military force; the desirability of such a force; and recommended U.S. policies and positions relative to the establishment and functioning of the force.

Project: Glossary of Terms Relating to Strategy, Forces, Weapons, and Arms Control

Name of sponsoring agency : Department of Defense.

Person in agency in charge: Lt. Col. Harold R. Aaron, Office of the Director of Disarmament, Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (International Security Affairs).

Amount and term of support: Not costed (in-house study).

Date of approval of project: April 20, 1961.

A brief summary of the project: "Glossary of Terms Relating to Strategy, Forces, Weapons, and Arms Control." Arms control definitions have been developed for use within the Department of Defense. Includes the definitions of arms control, arms control agreement, arms control balance, international peace force, etc. The definitions are being coordinated prior to approval by the Secretary of Defense.

Project: Disarmament Control Measures

Name of sponsoring agency: Departments of Defense and State.

Persons in agency in charge: L. Addison Lanier, DOD; William Hitchcock, Department of State.

Amount and term of support: Completed under ARPA contract with Rand. Corp. for general arms control studies.

Date of approval of project: June 7, 1961.

A brief summary of the project: Utilizing the current negotiating proposal of the Department of State on general and complete disarmament, the study was to examine the feasibility and desirability of negotiating control measures for inspection and verification of armaments. International and "sides" inspections were analyzed in relation to specific measures contained in the proposal. Project: General and Complete Disarmament

Name of sponsoring agency: Department of Defense.

Person in agency in charge: L. Addison Lanier, Director for Disarmament, Office of the Secretary of Defense.

Amount and term of support: $15,984 for completion of this study and "U.S. Unilateral Arms Control Measures ***."

Date of approval of project: April 6, 1961.

A brief summary of project: "Some Thoughts on the Balance of Power Under General and Complete Disarmament." Study analyzes the implications of general and complete disarmament as it affects the Soviet Union and the United States and their natural security interests. Study prepared by Stanford Research Institute.

Project title: Negotiations Techniques

1. Sponsoring Federal agency: Advanced Research Projects Agency. 2. Company responsible: The Rand Corp.

3. Amount and term of support:

(a) Estimated cost to July 15, 1961, $33,400.

(b) Estimated cost projected from July 15, 1961, to February 1, 1963, $42,000.

4. Date of approval of project: May 6, 1960.

5. Estimated date of completion: Continuing project.

6. Summary: This project is an analysis of the history and possible future course of nuclear test suspension and other disarmament negotiations, with special emphasis on the political factors. Its purpose is to provide information useful in decisions on arms control policy regarding the budget and other aspects of any international inspection organization, unilateral measures to deter evasion and to improve inspection techniques, and our own nuclear weapons and other arms programs in the light of technological uncertainty and possible moves by the Soviet.

Project title: Capability and Environmental Analysis for VELA Hotel

1. Sponsoring Federal agency: Advanced Research Projects Agency. 2. Company responsible: The Rand Corp.

3. Amount and term of support:

(a) Estimated cost to July 15, 1961, $62,000.

(b) Estimated cost projected from July 15, 1961, to July 31, 1961, $3,000. 4. Date of approval of project: October 7, 1960.

5. Estimated date of completion: July 31, 1961.

6. Summary: This project was initiated to provide an analysis of the technological and political-economic factors involved in the high altitude portion of the VELA program. The first phase, a capability analysis, is an appraisal of the type of testing the Soviet Union will be capable of performing without detection by various detection systems that might be implemented. The second phase, a motivational analysis, complements the foregoing by consideration of the political restraints against and motivations for further testing under conditions of a continuation of the test ban without a treaty and those that will prevail if a test ban treaty is negotiated.

Project title: Missile and Space Object Limitations

1. Sponsoring Federal agency: Advanced Research Projects Agency.

2. Company responsible: The Rand Corp.

3. Amount and term of support:

(a) Estimated cost to July 15, 1961, $92,000.

(b) Estimated cost projected from July 15, 1961, to February 1, 1963, $121,000.

4. Date of approval of project: May 6, 1960.

5. Estimated date of completion: Continuing project.

6. Summary: This project is a continuing study of arms control problems confronting U.S. negotiators at international conferences, especially the Ten Nation Conference. Initially, it concentrated on the implications of the terms of reference for three joint East-West studies proposed by the far western nations. Subsequent work has emphasized a study of the military implications of bombardment satellites and the political implications of efforts to negotiate a formal ban on such objects. In addition, the implications of limiting launchings of large rockets have been under study.

Project title: Arms Control Organization

1. Sponsoring Federal agency: Advanced Research Projects Agency.

2. Company responsible: The Rand Corp.

3. Amount and term of support:

(a) Estimated cost to July 15, 1961, $98,000.

(b) Estimated cost projected from July 15, 1961, to February 1, 1963, $176,000.

4. Date of approval of project: August 22, 1960.

5. Estimated date of completion: Continuing project.

6. Summary: This project is a broad study of organizations that would be required to implement various arms control agreements under current consideration. It includes a study of recommended organizations, the interrelationships between the various organizations, the arms control techniques to be employed,