OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR UNITED STATES ARMS CONTROL AND DISARMAMENT AGENCY WASHINGTON February 13, 1969 Mr. President: I submit herewith to you for transmittal to the Congress, as required by the Arms Control and Disarmament Act, the eighth annual report concerning the activities of the U. S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency. This report covers the period from January 1, 1968 to the end of the calendar year. The Agency has arranged for it to be printed by the Government Printing Office. Respectfully, Adrian & Fisher Adrian S. Fisher The President, The White House. iv IMPACT OF REDUCED DEFENSE EXPENDITURE ON THE AMERICAN ECONOMY 28 Tests Related to General Purpose Forces 30 AGENCY OPERATIONS 35 Organization 35 Formulation and Coordination of Policy Recommendations 36 General Advisory Committee 36 Planning and Coordination of Research Social Science Advisory Board 37 38 36 Public Information APPENDIXES II. Declaration of the Government of the United States in Explanation of Its Vote for Security Council IV. Letter of Submittal From Secretary of State Rusk to the President, July 2, 1968 V. Letter of Transmittal From the President to the United States Senate, July 9, 1968 IX. List of Signatories to the Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and List of Nations Which Have Deposited Instruments of Ratification INTRODUCTION opened for signature on July 1, 1968. Representatives of 56 nations, including the United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union, signed the treaty in a ceremony held in the East Room of the White House. Similar ceremonies were held in London and Moscow. This project, having major implications for world security, was realized after four and a half years of patient and painstaking negotiations in Geneva, in the United Nations, and in many capitals of the world. The desire for a nonproliferation treaty was expressed over the years by almost all nations of the world— both individually and collectively in the United Nations. When confronted with a concrete treaty draft, nonnuclear-weapon countries expressed the view that, in return for their giving up the option to acquire nuclear weapons, the nuclear powers should take initiatives to halt the nuclear arms race and to reduce their own arsenals. In response to this view, a new article VI, in which the parties undertake "to pursue negotiations in good faith on effective measures relating to cessation of the nuclear arms race at an early date and to nuclear disarmament . . added to the treaty. The commitment which the United States made in article VI is a reflection of U.S. policy developed over two decades under the Administrations of four Presidents. was The U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (ACDA) is in its eighth year of its task, as defined in its statute, to develop, recommend, and negotiate measures to lessen the threat of war and bring the arms race under control. It has carried out this mandate under the direction of William C. Foster, Director, and Adrian S. Fisher, Deputy Director, since its creation in 1961. The Director has served as the principal adviser on arms control and disarmament to the President and the Secretary of State. In addition, he has been the chief U.S. negotiator in the field of arms control. International negotiations on arms control and disarmament matters were conducted almost continuously throughout 1968. In December 1967, the twentysecond U.N. General Assembly adopted a resolution urging the Eighteen-Nation Disarmament Committee (ENDC) to continue its work in preparing a draft international treaty to prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons, and requested that the ENDC submit a report on its negotiations by March 15, 1968. The ENDC met from January 18 to March 14, and transmitted the draft treaty which it had negotiated during that session as an annex to its report to the General Assembly. The treaty draft then became the subject of extensive debate in the General Assembly in the resumed twenty-second session, April 24 to June 12. On the final day, the General Assembly adopted a resolution commending the nonproliferation treaty, which had undergone still |