...carried out by a 3 Art. I of Protocol II excludes, for the purpose of the Convention and Protocol II, "situations of internal disturbances and tensions,...acts of violence and other acts of a similar nature". 14 South African L Rep. 562 l996 (4) (CC), noted by the present writer in l3 South African Journal...

...character. This 1974 draft only mentioned "situations of internal disturbances and tensions, inter alia, riots, isolated and sporadic acts of violence and other acts of a similar nature." "Wars of national liberation" were only alluded to in a Commentary of the International Red Cross concerning...

...organized armed groups under responsible command. The draft excluded situations of internal disturbance and tensions, such as riots, isolated and sporadic...acts of violence, and other acts of a similar nature. This "low threshold" of application would have been complementary to the elaboration of a protocol...

...Moreover, the protocol shall not apply to "situations of internal disturbances and tensions, inter alia riots, isolated and sporadic acts of violence and other acts of a similar nature." As the subcommittee recommendation indicates, the laws of war would only apply to internal armed conflicts...

...The present Protocol shall not apply to situations of internal disturbances and tensions, inter alia riots, isolated and sporadic acts of violence and other acts of a similar nature. 3. The foregoing provisions do not modify the conditions governing the application of Article 3 common...

...regarded as such conflicts in its para. 2: "situations of internal disturbances and tensions, inter alia riots, isolated and sporadic acts of violence and other acts of a similar nature". As a positive requirement the only stipulation was that such non-interstate conflicts should take place...

...dictates of the public conscience, Have agreed on the following: PARTI SCOPE OF THIS PROTOCOL Article I - Material field of application 1 . This Protocol, which...of a similar nature, as not being armed conflicts. Para. 1. Article 3 common to the Conventions reads: "In the ease of armed conflict not of an international...

...responsible to a party to the conflict for the conduct of its subordinates. The term 'armed conflict' does not apply to situations of internal disturbances and...isolated and sporadic acts of violence and other acts of •» similar nature." 3. Delete subsection 3194 (e) (3) (C) . Change the designation of subparagraph...

...responsible to a party to the conflict for the conduct of its subordinates. The term "armed conflict" does not apply to situations of internal disturbances and...acts of violence and other acts of a similar nature. A virtue of these provisions is that they avoid excluding from the scope of the political offense doctrine...

...Article 1 of Additional Protocol II, took care to except from possible application of the Protocol "situations of internal disturbances and tensions,...other acts of a similar nature, as not being armed conflicts"203. This does not decide the answer, though : our question was not one of treaty law. With...