The Ottoman Turks: An Introductory History to 1923Routledge, 2014 M06 6 - 424 pages Justin McCarthy's introductory survey traces the whole history of the Ottoman Turks from their obscure beginnings in central Asia, through the establishment and rise of the Ottoman Empire to its collapse after World War One under the pressures of nationalism. Vividly illustrated with many maps, this introductory overview is designed for non-specialists but is written with great authority and with access to original sources. It fills an important gap for an authoritative but accessible account of the rise of one of the world's great civilizations. |
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... Council Finance The timar The tax farm The vakif Private property The religious establishment The bureaucracy Provincial government The military The army The navy Merit and advancement The non-Muslims of the Empire The Greek.
... Council Finance The timar The tax farm The vakif Private property The religious establishment The bureaucracy Provincial government The military The army The navy Merit and advancement The non-Muslims of the Empire The Greek.
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... tax base upon which rulers depended. Nomads themselves did not pay taxes. Therefore, Middle Eastern rulers defended their borders against nomads. Nevertheless, nomad groups periodically succeeded in overwhelming the defences. After a ...
... tax base upon which rulers depended. Nomads themselves did not pay taxes. Therefore, Middle Eastern rulers defended their borders against nomads. Nevertheless, nomad groups periodically succeeded in overwhelming the defences. After a ...
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... tax - collectors . The ruler was removed from his people ; his was a different order of existence . None of these was familiar , or desirable , to the nomads upon whom Seljuk power was based . However , the Seljuks realized that settled ...
... tax - collectors . The ruler was removed from his people ; his was a different order of existence . None of these was familiar , or desirable , to the nomads upon whom Seljuk power was based . However , the Seljuks realized that settled ...
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... taxes to the central government, or at least used the sums they collected to support fighting men who would be ... tax-payers. As Seljuk successes increased, more and more Turks were attracted from Central Asia. They were a disruptive ...
... taxes to the central government, or at least used the sums they collected to support fighting men who would be ... tax-payers. As Seljuk successes increased, more and more Turks were attracted from Central Asia. They were a disruptive ...
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... tax-paying territories. Most importantly, the Seljuk sultans never managed to become the sort of indispensable rulers who held the loyalty of their nomad followers. The nomads still followed them only because it was in the nomads ...
... tax-paying territories. Most importantly, the Seljuk sultans never managed to become the sort of indispensable rulers who held the loyalty of their nomad followers. The nomads still followed them only because it was in the nomads ...
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Common terms and phrases
Abdülhamit administration Allies Arab areas Armenian Balkan Wars Balkans Bayezit became began Black Sea British Bulgaria bureaucrats Byzantine Caliph capital Celali central Anatolia Christian conquered conquest Constantinople Crimea defeated devsirme eastern Anatolia economic Edirne Egypt enemies European fighting forces governors Grand Vezir Greek groups guilds houses imperial Iran Iraq Islamic Istanbul İzmir Janissaries Konya land leaders makers Mamluk Mehmet Mehmet II merchants Middle East Middle Eastern military millet modern Mongol mosques Murat Murat II Muslim Mustafa nationalism nationalist needed nomads officials Osman Ottoman army Ottoman Empire Ottoman Europe Ottoman government Ottoman system palace Pasa political population provinces reform refugees region reign religion religious revolt rule rulers Rum Seljuks Russians Safavids schools Selim Seljuk Empire Serbia slaves soldiers Süleyman sultan Syria Tanzimat taxes territory threat throne timars took trade traditional troops Turkish Turkish nomads Turkish notables Turks ulema villages Western women