has been the way Harvard and Yale have built up so economically their libraries. They have sent every year abroad for material and have scoured, as they call it, all over Europe and the Orient as well. BOOKS FOR THE SUPREME COURT Mr. O'NEAL. Now suppose you tell us about "Books for the Supreme Court." Mr. MACLEISH. I submit the following justification: Regular appropriation, 1941 act_. Increase requested for 1942: The first of 5 equal annual sums for rounding out the collection of books for Supreme Court_ Total estimate or appropriation for 1942--- $10,000 10, 000 20,000 By act of Congress approved July 14, 1832, the Law Library of the Library of Congress was set apart as a separate department and was made free of access to the Supreme Court. As long as the Supreme Court was in the Capitol, the Justices made use of the Law Library there. When its own building was constructed it became necessary to create a new library for the Justices; this was done by transferring some 45,000 volumes from the collections at the Library of Congress and the Capitol, including those purchased through a special appropriation of $40,000 for that purpose. An annual appropriation of $10,000 to the Library is expended by the Marshal of the Court in the purchase of new books. Since lawbooks are expensive, however, the sums available have not been sufficient to provide a library adequate to the needs of the Court, and a special appropriation of $10,000 annually for 5 years is requested by the Chief Justice in the following letter: SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES, Washington, D. C., October 5, 1940. ARCHIBALD MACLEISH, Litt. D., Librarian of Congress, Washington, D. C. MY DEAR MR. MACLEISH: With its occupancy of quarters in the new building in 1935, the library of the Court, for the first time, undertook to provide service for members of its bar and others who had been privileged to use the Law Library of Congress in the Capitol. Realizing that it would be necessary to acquire, by transfer or purchase, the thousands of books which assumption of this new duty would require, I arranged a conference in my office with Dr. Putnam and Dr. Vance. After full discussion of the problems involved in providing this new collection of books, it was agreed that the Library of Congress would transfer such sets as could be spared, and that Congress would be asked to appropriate funds for the purchase of the remainder. In conformity with this agreement, an appropriation of $40,000 was obtained, upon an estimate made, I believe, under the direction of Dr. Vance, and the burden of selecting and acquiring the volumes was assumed by the Law and Accessions Divisions, respectively. I have only praise for their work, for it was extremely well done." The library which was thus provided has now been in operation for more than 5 years, and experience has demonstrated certain additional needs-needs which could not be foreseen at the time it was set up, and which our annual appropriations have been inadequate to supply. These having been explained to the Court in some detail by its librarian, we approved his recommendation that the proper committee of Congress be asked to provide additional funds, to be disbursed under my direction. The amount estimated as needed totals $50,000, and it is desired that this be made available in 5 annual installments of $10,000 each. These funds, if made available, will be used to round out a working library adequate for the needs of the Court and its bar. No purchase of foreign or rare books is contemplated. The reason why the additional funds are being sought, the purposes for which it is proposed to expend them, and, I believe, the recognition by both Dr. Putnam and Dr. Vance of our need for them, are shown by the hearings held by the House Appropriations subcommittee on the Department of Justice appropriation bill for the fiscal year 1940. I trust that you will find it practicable to approve this proposal, and to include the first installment of $10,000, together with our annual appropriation of $10,000, in the estimates which you transmit to the Director of the Budget. With highest esteem, I am, Very sincerely yours, CHARLES E. HUGHES. Chief Justice of the United States. Mr. MACLEISH. The change of language there is exactly the same problem as appears on page 80. Mr. O'NEAL. And what is the necessity for this increase of $10,000 for the Supreme Court? Mr. MACLFISH. It is covered entirely by the letter from the Chief Justice, as regards the increase. Mr. LEAVY. I want to ask a question on the Law Library: Does this $2,000 for the payment of obligations legally incurred in previous fiscal years clean up that type of obligations? Mr. CLAPP. Absolutely finally and completely. Mr. LEAVY. And that is true of the previous item, too? BOOKS FOR ADULT BLIND Mr. O'NEAL. Now, what about books for the adult blind? Regular appropriations, 1941 act- Total appropriations for 1941___ Increase requested for 1942: Balance authorized to be appropriated by Public, No. 562, 76th Total estimate or appropriation for 1942... $275,000 50,000 325, 000 25, 000 350,000 The appropriation "Books for the adult blind" authorized by act approved March 3, 1931 as amended (2 U. S. C. 135a, 135b) enables the Librarian of Congress to provide books for the adult blind residents of the United States (the juvenile blind are otherwise provided for). Books purchased under this appropriation are placed by the Librarian in 27 regional libraries throughout the United States. Books are borrowed by readers from these libraries, which are as follows: Books for the blind are in three forms: In Braille (raised dots), Moon (raised letter outlines of simple form for elderly readers), and Talking Books (phonographic recordings at 150 grooves per inch on 33% revolutions per minute records). INCREASE REQUESTED FOR 1942 Balance authorized to be appropriated by Public, No. 562 (76th Cong.), but not appropriated for 1941, $25,000.-The act of Congress approved June 6, 1940, authorized an increase in the appropriation for sound-reproduction records for the blind from $175,000 to $250,000, with a corresponding increase in the total appropriation for books for the adult blind from $275,000 to $350,000. Of this additional sum of $75,000, $25,000 was appropriated in the Second Deficiency Appropriation Act 1940, and $25,000 more in the First Supplemental Civil Functions Appropriation Act, 1941. The remaining $25,000 was not appropriated. INCREASE IN LIMITATION REQUESTED For personal services: increase of limitation from, $16,500 to, $20,000.-The increasing size of the appropriation from 1931 ($100,000) to 1941 ($325,000) have entailed a great increase of responsibility in the matters of selection, purchasing, distribution, and examination and testing of the materials received. All books are purchased under rigid specifications both as to materials and workmanship, and as to accuracy of transcription into the raised type or sound. Many problems are raised by the transcription of printed books into sound-producing records. Continuous testing is performed before any acceptance is made, but lack of staff prohibits adequate testing. To perform the routine testing adequately, one additional full-time assistant (CAF-3, $1,620) is required. It is anticipated, also, that at least part-time services of an additional typist (CAF-2, $1,440) will be needed. In order to make possible the securing of these services an increase in the limitation is requested. Even if the full sum of the limitation is used, it will amount to less than 6 percent of the authorized appropriation. Proportion of total stock replaced during 1940 (5,251 737,148 $2.38 14. 50 .90 11. 41 14. 14 Percent 0.7 2. 1 Proportion of replacements to total records purchased, 1940 1. 3 Proportion of replacements cost to total expenditures, 1940 Mr. MACLEISH. I think this speaks for itelsf. Dr. Irwin is here, if you would like to hear him. Mr. O'NEAL. We have had Dr. Irwin before us. AMOUNT AVAILABLE FOR PERSONAL SERVICES Mr. CLAPP. Dr. Irwin is interested in the entire appropriation, but we are interested in the limitation for personal services, with which Dr. Irwin has no immediate concern. Mr. O'NEAL. Suppose you make a statement with reference to that. Mr. MACLEISH. Although that is set out in the justifications, I think it deserves an underlining word. We are asking for an increase which, even if allowed in full, would amount to less than 6 percent of the authorized appropriation. With respect to the very large sum of money-$325,000-and the very onerous responsibilities, it seems to us to be a reasonable increase in relation to the amount involved and the work involved. Mr. O'NEAL. What personnel increase are you asking for? Mr. CLAPP. That is shown on page 114 of the committee print and page 87 of the justifications. Mr. O'NEAL. What grade are they? Mr. CLAPP. They are in the lower grades only-one CAF-2 and one CAF-3. Mr. O'NEAL. For what will they be used; what is the necessity for their employment? Mr. MACLEISH. The one CAF-2 is an additional typist; the CAF-3 is a clerk. Mr. CLAPP. Both of those are clerks for doing the necessary typing and for accepting material. The material has to be examined, tested and accepted before the Library can properly pay for it. PRINTING AND BINDING, GENERAL Mr. O'NEAL. Under "Printing and binding," you have an increase of $10,000. Mr. MACLEISH. I offer the following justification: Regular appropriation, 1941 act_. Increase requested for 1942: Special publication fund.. Total estimate or appropriation for 1942. INCREASE REQUESTED FOR 1942 $400,000 10, 000 410, 000 Special publication fund, $10,000.-Hitherto the Library has devoted sometimes a larger sometimes a smaller proportion of its general appropriations for printing and binding to the issuance of publications. Over the course of nearly half a century it has issued in this way-slowly, and perhaps only a volume at a timea notable series of publications, comprising a large proportion of works which have basic and continuing value. For example: In the field of American history: Guide to the Diplomatic History of the United States, The Journals of the Continental Congress (34 volumes), Records of the Virginia Company (4 volumes), Calendars of the Washington, Franklin, Monroe, and many other series of papers essential to the record of American history. In the field of law: Guides to the Law and legal literature of several foreign countries: Brazil, Chile, Spain, Germany, etc. In the field of library economy: Schedules of classification; lists of subject headings; guides in cataloging, special bibliographies, etc. In the field of geography: Catalogs of atlases and maps. Other publications: Catalogs of genealogies, lists of newspapers, catalogs of engravings and prints, etc. It is of the utmost desirability to extend this program on a planned basis. The Library is in possession of unexampled collections of materials in American history, music and the other fine arts, and in every field of learning which should be more widely disseminated, and made available to the American people as a whole rather than to the comparatively few scholars who are able to make use of them here. What is intended is much more than the publication of catalogs and of manuals of various aspects of library economy (which, though not only valuable to others, are also a source of rendering the Library's own operations more efficient). What is intended is the publication of documents of moment to the understanding of American history (with which our Division of Manuscripts is replete), and monuments in the history of music (such as the basic fifteenth century Chansonnier de Labord), of engravings for which we possess the original plates, and of important and arresting material which can be utilized generally by an American public eager to possess and study the material documents of American culture. It is proposed to publish materials which would be salable through the Superintendent of Public Documents, and it is anticipated that such sales might in large part offset the cost of printing. As examples of the kind of material which is pressing for publication, there are instanced below a number of proposals which are at present under consideration, drawn from one division alone (the Manuscripts Division): Papers of Benjamin Franklin.-Several important series of Franklin papers have never been calendared, including the documents relating to the activities of the American commissioners in France during the later years of the American Revolution. At the same time, there are important bodies of Franklin material collected at the American Philosophical Society (Philadelphia) and at Yale University. It would be a most desirable project, from the point of view both of economy and usefulness if a joint undertaking for publishing the calendars of all these collections could be effected. Papers of George Washington.-There is no outstanding biography of Washington during the first Presidency-yet this is one of the most important periods of our history. One of the reasons, doubtless, for this lacuna is the want of adequate informative publications regarding the biographical material available. An edi |