The Ottoman Turks: An Introductory History to 1923Longman, 1997 - 406 pages Justin McCarthy's introductory survey traces the whole history of the Ottoman Turks from their obscure beginnings in central Asia, through the establishment and rise of the Ottoman Empire to its collapse after World War One under the pressures of nationalism. Vividly illustrated with many maps, this introductory overview is designed for non-specialists but is written with great authority and with access to original sources. It fills an important gap for an authoritative but accessible account of the rise of one of the world's great civilizations. |
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Page 153
... needed funds . The government took steps that are not unknown in other countries . First , taxes were raised . This was done primarily by making the avarız taxes into regular taxes , collected every year , instead of special taxes . A ...
... needed funds . The government took steps that are not unknown in other countries . First , taxes were raised . This was done primarily by making the avarız taxes into regular taxes , collected every year , instead of special taxes . A ...
Page 281
... needed protein , and they could find or take what other food they needed . Peasants , on the other hand , were slaves to conditions on their farms . Unlike the nomads , they could seldom ride to new lands in times of famine or search ...
... needed protein , and they could find or take what other food they needed . Peasants , on the other hand , were slaves to conditions on their farms . Unlike the nomads , they could seldom ride to new lands in times of famine or search ...
Page 301
... needed British help for their survival ? Sultan Abdülaziz Mustafa Reşit's reforms had been carried out and expanded ... needed to finance the government , largely because so much was needed to pay for military defence , leaving too small ...
... needed British help for their survival ? Sultan Abdülaziz Mustafa Reşit's reforms had been carried out and expanded ... needed to finance the government , largely because so much was needed to pay for military defence , leaving too small ...
Contents
Origins of the Turks to 1281 | 3 |
Mongol rule in Anatolia | 30 |
Turkish Anatolia | 36 |
Copyright | |
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Abdülaziz Abdülhamit administration Allies Arab areas Armenian Asia Balkans Bayezit became began Black Sea Bosphorus British Bulgaria bureaucrats Byzantine capital Celali Christian conquest Constantinople Crimea defeated devşirme Diyarbakır eastern Anatolia economic Edirne Egypt enemies European fighting governors Grand Vezir Greek groups guilds houses imperial Iran Iraq Islamic Istanbul İzmir Janissaries Konya land leaders lived Mahmud makers Mamluk Mehmet Mehmet II merchants Middle East Middle Eastern military millet modern mosques Murat Murat IV Muslim Mustafa nationalism nationalist needed nineteenth century officials Osman Ottoman army Ottoman Empire Ottoman Europe Ottoman government Ottoman system palace Paşa peasants political population provinces rebels reform refugees region reign religion religious revolt rule rulers Rum Seljuks Russians Safavids schools Selim Serbia slaves soldiers Süleyman sultan Syria Tanzimat Tatars taxes territory threat timars took trade traditional troops Turkish Turkish nomads Turkish notables Turks ulema vakıfs villages Western women