the subjects discussed were: the religious condition of the Church of England; the Scottish churches; the connection of missions with civilization, Christianity, literature, art, and science; the methods of operating missions; the religious condition of Germany, France, Holland, Belgium, and Italy; Evangelical nonconformity; Christianity and the nationalities, and various subjects of theology and philosophy. Interesting reports were received on the progress of religious liberty in Turkey, and on the thraldom of opinion in Spain. The observance of the Sabbath received especial consideration, resulting in the adoption of a resolution calling upon the members of the Alliance to use, in their several places of abode and spheres of influence, earnest endeavors to secure from states, municipalities, and masters of establishments, for every one, the weekly day of rest from labor, in order that all may freely and fully participate in the temporal and spiritual benefits of the Lord's day.

A letter of affection and sympathy was addressed to Christians scattered abroad, particularly to those who are laboring against the hostile influences of heathenism or of superstition, and whose rights of public worship are restrained or abridged. An address of protest against war was adopted. Statistics were given of Young Men's Christian Associations, showing that there are in the Christian world upward of eight hundred such associations, numbering some fifty-five thousand members. Special meetings were held on Sunday-schools and systematic benevolence.

An invitation was presented and urged by the representatives of the American branch to hold the next General Conference at New York, which was referred to the different branches of the Alliance for consideration. The assembly adjourned on Tuesday, the 27th of August.

The Evangelical Alliance of the United States was organized in New York City on the 30th of January, 1867. Eminent divines and laymen of the Episcopal, Methodist, Presbyterian, German Reformed, Reformed Dutch, and Baptist Churches, and from various parts of the country, signified their approval of the movement, either by attendance in person or by letter. A letter of cooperation was read from the secretary of the British branch of the Alliance. William E. Dodge is president of the American branch. Hitherto the British branch, only, of the national branches, has been in the practice of holding annual meetings.

AMERICA. The year 1867 made considerable changes in the territorial divisions of America. On the 29th of March a treaty was concluded between the United States and Russia, in accordance with which the latter power surrenders, in consideration of the payment of seven millions of dollars, to the United States its Sovereignty over all of Russian America and the adjacent islands, thus adding some five hundred thousand square miles to the territory of the United States, and considerably

reducing the amount of American territory under the rule of European governments. In the latter part of the year, the Danish West India Islands, St. Thomas and St. John, were purchased by the United States for the price of seven millions of dollars, subject to the approval of the Senate, and to the decision of a popular vote by the islands, neither of which had been obtained at the end of the year 1867. It is creditably reported also that the governments of Sweden and Holland, regarding the future success of the Monroe doctrine as inevitable, are anxious to sell their colonies in the West Indies to the United States. In Cuba and Porto Rico popular opinion begins to manifest itself very strongly in favor of independence of Spain, and the majority of the leaders of the movement are said to be in favor of annexation to the United States. A strong annexation movement is also manifesting itself in the Pacific provinces of British North America. On the whole, greater progress has been made in 1867. toward ending European rule upon the American continent than during any previous year since the establishment of the independence of South America. (See ALIASKA; WEST INDIES.)

The French troops in Mexico were withdrawn in consequence of the peremptory demand of the United States, and Maximilian soon found that his rule was not based upon the national will, but upon foreign support, and was captured and executed. The Mexican Republic resumed its functions amidst the hearty congratulations of the native governments of America. (See MEXICO.)

In addition to the purchase of Russian America and the two Danish Islands in the West Indies, the United States received a formal offer of the lease for ninety-nine years of the Bay of Samana from the Government of Santo Domingo. (See SANTO DOMINGO.)

An important measure has been proposed by the Government of Peru to those of Bolivia, Ecuador, and Chili, namely, that these four republics should organize a confederation for mutual defence and the conservation of mutual interests. The proposition seems to be well received, though no formal action has yet been taken. The idea of a closer union between all the Spanish-American republics has influential friends in each of them, and appears to have a great future. (See PERU.)

The war of Brazil and the Argentine Republic against Paraguay continued throughout the year with varying success. The allies made some progress, and the Paraguayans throughout the year had to act on the defensive, and at its close they still held out. (See PARAGUAY.) The war between Spain and the allied republics on the Pacific side of South America-Chili, Peru, Bolivia, and Ecuadorwas not ended, as the allied republics declined to accept the mediation proposed by several American and European nations; but no new aggressive acts on the part of Spain were committed. (See CHILI and PERU.) A serious in

five regiments of infantry, a battalion of riflemen, and a battery of artillery to the defence of the capital. Of these, the Massachusetts Sixth was the first to tread Southern soil, passing through New York while the regiments of that State were mustering, and shedding the first blood of the war in the streets of Baltimore, where they were assailed by the mob on their march through that city. Governor Andrew's telegraphic dispatch to Mayor Brown, praying him to have the bodies of the slain "laid out, preserved in ice, and tenderly sent forward to him at the expense of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts," was expressive both of the deep humanity of its author and of the reluctance of the Northern people to believe that a terrific struggle had begun, in which rivers of blood would flow. Governor Andrew was equally active in raising the Massachusetts contingent of three years' volunteers, and was laborious in his efforts to aid every provision for the comfort of our sick and wounded soldiers. He was four times reëlected Governor, holding that position till January, 1866, and was only then released from the office by his positive declination of another renomination, in order to attend to his private business, as the pecuniary sacrifice involved in holding the office was more than he was able to sustain, and his health was seriously affected by his arduous labors. In 1862 he was one of the most urgent of the northern Governors in impressing upon the administration at Washington the necessity of adopting the

emancipation policy, and of accepting the services of colored troops. In September, 1862, at perhaps the darkest hour in the history of the war, he led the way to a meeting of Governors of the Northern States at Altoona, Pennsylvania, to devise ways and means to encourage and strengthen the hands of the Government. The address of the Governors to the people of the North was prepared by him. The distinguished ability which shone out in his administration as Governor of Massachusetts, the many sterling qualities which were summed up in his character, his social address, and the charm of his conversational powers, which were brilliant, together with his clear and forcible style as an orator, will ever remain impressed on the memories of all who knew him. Soon after the expiration of his last term as Governor, he was tendered and declined the presidency of Antioch College, Ohio. He presided over the first National Unitarian Convention (held in 1865), and was a leader of the conservative wing of the denomination, or those who believed with Channing, and the early Unitarians, in the supernaturalism of Christ's birth and mission, as opposed to Theodore Parker and his disciples.

ANGLICAN CHURCHES.

The following

table, taken from the "Church Almanac" for 1868, exhibits the number of clergymen, parishes, communicants, teachers and scholars of Sunday-schools, and the amount of missionary and charitable contributions for each diocese:

mitted; except one stenographer, whose verbatim report, it was agreed, should be published in fall, in the course of time, with such omissions as the Archbishop of Canterbury might deem judicious. The more important portions of the proceedings were communicated to the public immediately after the adjournment of the Synod, in a semi-official manner. They are covered by a series of resolutions, which were preceded by a preamble expressing the conviction of the bishops that the unity of the Church "will be most effectually promoted by maintaining the faith in its purity and integrity-as taught in the Holy Scriptures, held by the Primitive Church, summed up in the Creeds, and affirmed by the undisputed General Councils-and by drawing each of us closer to our common Lord, by giving ourselves to much prayer and intercession, by the cultivation of a spirit of charity, and a love of the Lord's appearing." The resolutions were as follows:

1. That it appears to us expedient, for the purpose of maintaining brotherly intercommunication, that all cases of establishment of new sees and appointment of new Bishops be notified to all Archbishops and Metropolitans, and all presiding Bishops of the Anglican Communion.

2. That, having regard to the conditions under which intercommunion between members of the Church, passing from one distant diocese to another, may be duly maintained, we hereby declare it desirable: 1. That forms of letters commendatory on. behalf of clergymen visiting other dioceses be drawn up and agreed upon. 2. That forms of letters commendatory for lay members of the Church be in like manner prepared. 3. That his Grace the Lord Archbishop of Canterbury be pleased to undertake the preparation of such forms.

3. That a committee be appointed to draw up a pastoral address to all members of the Church of Carist in communion with the Anglican branch of the Church Catholic, to be agreed upon by the assembled Bishops, and to be published as soon as possible after the last sitting of the Conference.

4. That, in the opinion of this Conference, unity of faith and discipline will be best maintained among the several branches of the Anglican Communion by due and canonical subordination of the Synods of the several branches to the higher authority of a Synod or Synods above them,

5. That a committee of seven members (with power to add to their number, and to obtain the assistance of men learned in ecclesiastics and canon law) be appointed to inquire into and report upon the relations and functions of such Synods, and that such report be forwarded to his Grace the Lord Archbishop of Canterbury, with a request that, if possible, it may be communicated to any adjourned meeting of this Conference.

6. That, in the judgment of the Bishops now assembled, the whole Anglican Communion is deeply injured by the present condition of the Church in Natal; and that a committee be now appointed at this general meeting to report on the best mode by which the Church may be delivered from the continuance of this scandal, and the true faith maintained. That such report be forwarded to his Grace the Lord Archbishop of Canterbury, with the request that he will be pleased to transmit the same to all the Bishops of the Anglican Communion, and to ask for their judgment thereupon.

7. That we who are here present do acquiesce in

the resolution of the Convocation of Canterbury, passed on June 26, 1866, relating to the Diocese of Natal, to wit:

If it be decided that a new Bishop should be consecrated-as to the proper steps to be taken by the members of the Church in the Province of Natal for obtaining a new Bishop, it is the opinion of this House-first, that a formal instrument, declaratory of the doctrine and discipline of the Church of South Africa, should be prepared, which every Bishop, priest, and deacon should be required to subscribe secondly, that a godly and well-learned man should be chosen by the clergy, with the assent of the lay communicants of the Church; and thirdly, that he should be presented for consecration, either to the Archbishop of Canterbury-if the aforesaid instrument should declare the doctrine and discipline of Christ as received by the United Church of England and Ireland-or to the Bishops of the Church of South Africa, according as hereafter may be judged

to be most advisable and convenient.

8. That, in order to the binding of the churches of beyond them in the closest union with the Mother our colonial empire and the missionary churches Church, it is necessary that they receive and maintain without alteration the standards of faith and doctrine as now in use in that Church. That, nevertheless, each province should have the right to make such adaptations and additions to the services of the Church as its peculiar circumstances may require, provided that no change or addition be made inconsistent with the spirit and principles of the Book of Common Prayer, and that all such changes be liable to any revision by any Synod of the Anglican Communion in which the said province shall be represented.

9. That the committee appointed by resolution 5, with the addition of the names of the Bishops of London, St. David's, and Oxford, and all the Colonial Bishops, be instructed to consider the constitution of a voluntary spiritual tribunal, to which questions of doctrine may be carried by appeal from the tribunals for the exercise of discipline in each province of the Colonial Church, and that their report be forwarded to his Grace the Lord Archbishop of Canterbury, who is requested to communicate it to an adjourned meeting of this Conference.

10. That the resolutions submitted to this Conference relative to the discipline to be exercised by Metropolitans, the Court of Metropolitans, the scheme for conducting the election of Bishops, when not otherwise provided for, the declaration of submission to the regulation of the Synods, and the question of what legislation should be proposed for the Colonial Churches, be referred to the committee specified in the preceding resolution.

11. That a special committee be appointed to consider the resolutions relative to the notification of proposed Missionary Bishops, and the subordinates of Missionaries.

12. That the question of the bounds of the jurisdiction of different Bishops, when any question may have arisen in regard to them, the question as to the obedience of Chaplains of the United Church of England and Ireland on the Continent, and the resolution submitted to the Conference relative to their return and admission into home dioceses, be referred to the committee specified in the preceding resolution.

13. That we desire to render our hearty thanks to Almighty God for His blessings vouchsafed to us in and by this Conference; and we desire to express our hope that this our meeting may hereafter be followed by other meetings, to be conducted in the same spirit of brotherly love.

The resolution in relation to Bishop Colenso was adopted almost unanimously, there being only three hands raised against it. A Pastoral Address was adopted and signed by the Bishops, exhorting the members of the Church to hold fast, as the sure Word of God, all the canonical