Chapter 5. Stockpiling, Production, and Distribution of Nuclear Fuels and the Design, Construction, Chapter 6. Rights of and Limitations on the International REPORT ON THE DELIBERATIONS OF THE WORKING COMMITTEE OF THE ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION CONCERNING THE AMENDMENTS AND ADDITIONS TO THE FIRST REPORT SUBMITTED BY THE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS AT THE HUNDRED AND Annex 3. Summary records of the twenty-sixth, thirty-sixth, Committee 2 held on 16 July, 27 and 28 August, and Annex 4. Summary records of the twenty-first, twenty- Annex 5. Summary records of the thirty-first, thirty- Committee 2 held on 6, 8, and 11 August 1947, respectively (documents AEC/C.2/78, 79, and 80)..... (Note: Annexes 3, 4, and 5 will be included when this Report is published in the Atomic Energy Commission Official Records.) THE SECOND REPORT OF THE ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION TO THE SECURITY COUNCIL 11 September 1947 INTRODUCTION This Report covers the work of the Atomic Energy Commission from 1 January 1947 to 11 September 1947. It is an interim report to state the progress which has been made in the work of the Commission since the submission of the First Report of the Atomic Energy Commission to the Security Council, dated 31 December 1946. The work has had two principal aspects: discussion of the points of disagreement expressed by the Soviet Union and the formulation of specific proposals by the Commission. Twenty-three committee meetings have been devoted to the consideration of the views of the Soviet Union, put forward either as amendments and additions to the First Report or as separate proposals submitted on 11 June. The discussion on the Soviet Union amendments, which is summarized in Part III of this Report, has not led the Commission to revise the General Findings and Recommendations of the First Report. The discussion on the Soviet Union proposals of 11 June, which is summarized in Part IV, has led to the conclusion that "these proposals as they now stand and the explanations given thereon do not provide an adequate basis for the development by the Committee of specific proposals for an effective system of international control of atomic energy" It is evident, therefore, that these discussions have not led to a reconciliation of the views of the Soviet Union with those of the majority of the Commission on major points of principle. In accordance with the terms of reference, contained in the General Assembly resolution of 24 January 1946, and in accordance with the resolution of the Security Council of 10 March 1947, the Commission undertook the drafting of specific proposals, adopting for this purpose the procedure of informal discussions and working groups, which is described in Part I. The specific proposals, which are set forth in Part II, deal with the functions and powers of an international agency for the control of atomic energy, which have been evolved from the considerations advanced in the First Report. They give expression to certain basic principles including: 1. Decisions concerning the production and use of atomic energy 2. Policies concerning the production and use of atomic energy which substantially affect world security should be governed by principles established in the treaty or convention which the agency would be obligated to carry out. 3. Nations must undertake in the treaty or convention to grant to the agency rights of inspection of any part of their territory, subject to appropriate procedural requirements and limitations. In implementing these principles, the following basic measures are provided: (a) production quotas based on principles and policies specified in the (b) ownership by the agency of nuclear fuel and source material; (0) ties; ownership, management, and operation by the agency of dangerous facili (a) licensing by the agency of non-dangerous facilities to be operated by nations; and (0) inspection by the agency to prevent or detect clandestine activities. The majority of the Commission concludes that the specific proposals of this Report which define the functions and powers of an international agency, taken together with the General Findings and Recommendations of the First Report, provide the essential basis for the establishment of an effective system of control to ensure the use of atomic energy only for peaceful purposes and to protect complying states against the hazards of violations and evasions. The analyses of the specific proposals made by individual delegations are included in the summary records attached as Annex 3. In drafting the specific proposals contained in Part II, the Commission has been guided by the Summary of Principal Subjects which is included in Part I. In addition to the functions and powers of the international agency, there are other important matters listed for discussion. These are the organization and administration of the agency, geographical location of dangerous activities and stockpiling, financial and budgetary organization, prohibitions and enforcement, and the stages of transition from the present situation to a system of international control. These are subjects which, in the opinion of the majority of the Commission, for the most part, can be discussed effectively only in the framework of conclusions reached with regard to the functions and powers of the international agency. Further work of the Commission on these matters will be based on the specific proposals of this Report and on the First Report. It is evident that, until unanimous agreement is reached on the functions and powers of the international agency, there will be limitations on the extent to which proposals on other topics in the Summary of Principal Subjects can be worked out in detail. Clearly, much remains to be done before the final terms of a treaty or convention can be drafted. The Commission intends to proceed with the remaining topics in the summary and, at the same time, will continue its endeavours to clarify and resolve, where possible, the existing points of disagreement. |