believe the small wooden waiter to have been the object of importation. The fire-fork was an instrument now in disuse, and, probably, appertained to the wood-fire alone as a strong twograined fork, wherewith, occasionally, to hoist up, and adjust, the blazing logs on the fire. It often occurs in the inventories of ancient mansions. The word garnet, as here used, is now no longer known. In its explication it must mean, according to the "Gazophylacium Anglicanum," "a little crane, or engine, whereby ships are loaded, and unloaded." The meaning of painted forcers I cannot discover, nor am I able to explain, why lathe-nails are here mentioned with iron shanks. I am at an utter loss, also, for the purport of the obsolete word, turnets. Does it mean, gentle reader, trivets? The hanging-candlesticks must have been those so made as to hang on the edge of the mantel-shelf. With reference to the holy water stops, the word stops (or stoups) must here denote peculiar vessels for the holding of the holy water, although the word, according to Johnson and Nares, denotes a drinking-vessel. The hanging lavers we may interpret, I think, as wash-basins, or large porrengers, with suspensory handles. The exception in favour of the Roan Cards may, perhaps, mean those from Rouen, in France. The word broches here, there can be no doubt, signifies spits. It is very difficult to say what the ware of latten was. The word latten, as a metal, occurs continually in old authors; some say, that it was tin-others, that it was brass, but there is greater reason to suppose, that it was a compound of tin and copper. Fosbroke (Encyc. of Antiq.) supposes it to have been an alloy of copper and zinc. Nares (Glossary) seems to consider it as synonymous with the orichalcum of the Ancients. I am, on my own part, strongly inclined to think, that iron coated with tin may have been, also, so called.

Thus have I endeavoured to explain the terms in this interesting statute, which are either in disuse, or less understood. I have no doubt, that the operation of this law, intended, evidently, to arouse the latent energies, and abilities, of our countrymen, depressed by long, and bloody wars, produced its purposed effect. It is very true, that, immediately after its enactment, the sword, vainly supposed by Richard, the Third, to have been sheathed in peace, was again drawn on the part of the House of Lancaster by Henry, Earl of Richmond. The contest, however, was of very short duration. Richard was

slain at the battle of Bosworth, and the Earl of Richmond succeeded to the throne as Henry, the Seventh. This struggle of war was too brief to affect the advance of the arts. There can be no doubt, that the unrepealed statute worked its intended good, and that England regained her station amongst the nations. War, at all times, tends to impede the progress of the arts. When the nation is thus, politically, involved, the mind of man is turned from its wonted pursuits, and, with folded arms, he is accustomed to ponder on the occurrences, which are passing in other realms; but, when the country is entangled in intestine broils-when that most furious war, oddly ycleped civil war, is raging within its bowels, the nation appears in a state of stupor-it reels to and fro like a drunken man— every individual is drawn from his usual avocation-the arts first stop in their advance, and then retrograde.

The late lengthened wars with France much depressed the energies of our men of science, and ingenious artizans. The nation, now reposing in peace, has turned its attention to arts and commerce; and, in the present æra, England arises preeminent for her love of science, and her consequent advancement in those discoveries, which are most beneficial to mankind. Other countries are rapidly following in her wake; but, at present, there exists every cause to hope, that she will successfully continue to lead the way to prosperity, and glory-to genuine religion, and to moral culture.

NOTES TO ESSAY VI.

NOTE 1-(p. 292.)

"Chrystian, the daughter of John Halle, wedded Sir Thomas Hungerford, Knt., of Down Ampney, in the County of Wilts."

In the second volume of my work, Chrystian, the daughter of John Halle, and the family of Hungerford, will come more fully under my notice.

The parish of Down Ampney, which is about two miles from Cricklade, lies on the confines of Wilts; indeed, the parish is

partly in that County, and partly in Gloucestershire. The church is situate within the bounds of the latter County. The ancient mansion of that branch of the Hungerford Family is placed on the boundary line of the Counties, which is esteemed to pass through the kitchen! I am not incorrect, therefore, in saying, that Chrystian, the daughter of John Halle wedded Sir Thomas Hungerford of Down Ampney, in the County of Wilts.

NOTE 2-(p. 295.)

"Shall buy, and purchase Bishopsdown." This is the name of an estate in the parish of Milford, which adjoins the manor of ancient Salisbury, or (as at this day) Stratford.

In the days of John Halle we may well presume, that Salisbury Plain extended itself nigh unto the walls of the present City. We have seen, (p. 380,) that, at the time of Doomsday Book, there was a considerable extent of down land within the manor of "Sarisberie:" "Pastura 20 quarantenæ longæ, et 10 latæ, et alibi 5 quarantenæ pasturæ longæ et una lata❞—that is, "The pasture is two miles and a half long, and a mile and a quarter broad. And besides this, there are five furlongs in length of pasture, and one in breadth." I must here again observe, that pastura means, in that ancient document, down land, and pratum denotes meadow, or mowable, land. There may be a question, whether quarantena here be rightly apprehended as a measure of extent; but, at all events, it does appear, that there was a large portion of down land attached to the manor of ancient Salisbury; and, we may fairly infer, that that description of land extended itself over the adjoining portion of the manor of Milford; and, when the Bishop was enfeoffed with that manor in the days of Henry, the Third, we may rationally presume, that that portion of pastura, or down land, by way of contradistinction, took the name of Bishops-down. I have no data, whereon to conjecture the precise period of the curious "Prophecie" of Crabb; but that it was long prior to the year 1650 is most probable, for the verses thus speak prophetically of the purchase of Bishops-down by Bayliffe (or Bayly) of Salisbury :

"When as Bayliffe of Sarum town
Shall buy and purchase Bishops-down,
Where there never man did sow

Great store of goodly corn shall grow ;

And woad, that makes all colours sound,
Shall spring upon that barren ground."

Aubrey (as quoted p. 206) saith thus: "Bayly" (or Bayliffe) "of Salisbury left a faire Estate. Mr. John Bayly of Bishops-down (near Salisbury) had also a mannour at Combe Bisset in this County both sold about 1650, and (I think) the Males are extinct, but it appears by old Deeds about Salisbury, that they had a great deal of Land thereabouts, and heretofore."

:

The estate of Bishops-down is now converted into arable land, and the "Prophecie" is thus far remarkably fulfilled, inasmuch as Bayliffe did purchase Bishops-down, and the fields thereof now wave with crops of "goodly corn."

NOTE 3 (p. 301.)

"Dr. Maton." This eminent physician was born in the year 1774, in the City of Salisbury. He was educated at Queen's College, Oxford. He subsequently became eminent in his profession, and practised with much success in the Metropolis.

Dr. Maton was imbued with a thirst for knowledge, and an ardent love of research. He was a member of the principal Literary Societies. The public are indebted to him, in the early part of his life, for a pleasing work, in two vols. 8vo., entitled "Observations relative chiefly to the Natural History, Picturesque Scenery, and Antiquities of the Western Counties of England, made in the years 1794 and 1796." In the year 1805 he published a re-edition of "A General View of the Writings of Linnæus, by Richard Pulteney, M.D. F. R.S." To this work his own pen supplied the prefatory "Memoirs of Dr. Pulteney," drawn up in so pleasing a manner, that it renders it a cause for regret, that the literary world has not been gratified with further writings. It is stated by my friend, G. Matcham, Esq., in his able "History of the Hundred of Downton," (incorporated in Sir R. C. Hoare's "Modern Wilts,") that, prior to his death, Dr. Maton had purchased Redlynch House, in the parish of Downton. He proceeds to say, that he left behind him in MS. a view of the "Botany, and Natural History, of the Country in a circuit of 10 miles round Salisbury, purposely for the Modern History of Wilts, and I do not anticipate," Mr. M.

adds, "any objection from his representatives to give it to the public." May they so do!

Amongst my various friends, no one more strongly urged me to this work than Dr. Maton; and an accorded tribute of satisfaction from him, had the fates permitted it, would have yielded much gratification. The decease of Dr. Maton is a recent, and lamented, occurrence. A monument to his memory, well conceived, and as well executed by the chisel of Mr. Osmond, has been recently erected in the Cathedral Church of Salisbury. It bears the following just tribute to his character:

"Sacred

To the Memory of
WILLIAM GEORGE MATON,
A Native of this City,

One of the most eminent Physicians of his time in London:
Educated at Queen's College, Oxford,

He became Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians,
And was honoured with high medical appointments
By his Sovereign,

And by other Branches of the Royal Family.

Distinguished by extensive knowledge

In Philosophy, Natural History, and British Antiquities,
By his various talents, his private worth,
His mild, and unassuming manners,
He acquired the respect and esteem
Of every rank in Society.

To his kindred he was affectionate and generous,
To his inferiors uniformly kind and considerate,
In his friendships sincere, warm, and constant,
In his Charity liberal without Ostentation,
In Religion a real as well as a nominal Christian.

He was born Jan. 31, 1774: Died March 30, 1835: and was
Buried in the Church of St. Martin's in the Fields, London.

NOTE 4 (p. 304.)

"At that early period the seat of Parliament was not fixed as at the present day."

A singular endeavour was made a few years since to bring back, and re-introduce, the custom of a migrating legislature. A