...Departments, shall not be considered as freeing them from responsibility or mitigating punishment. Article 8. The fact that the Defendant acted pursuant to order...the Tribunal determines that justice so requires. Article 9. At the trial of any individual member of any group or organization the Tribunal may declare...

...acts committed by them in carrying out these orders. The Charter specifically provides in Article 8 : "The fact that the defendant acted pursuant to order...but may be considered in mitigation of punishment." The provisions of this Article are in conformity with the law of all nations. That a soldier was ordered...

...Departments, shall not be considered as freeing them from responsibility or mitigating punishment. Article 8. The fact that the Defendant acted pursuant to order...the Tribunal determines that justice so requires. Article 9. At the trial of any individual member of any group or organization the Tribunal may declare...

...said in the judgment — in almost the same language used in Control Council Law No. 2 — as follows: "The fact that the defendant acted pursuant to order...but may be considered in mitigation of punishment." * Many times during the course of the trial, the defendants testified that they treated their victims...

...anyone from responsibility or mitigating punishment. Article 8 provides that the fact that an individual acted pursuant to order of his Government or of a superior -shall not free him from responsibility. Articles 8 and 20 provide that an organization can be declared to be criminal, and individuals may...

...Departments, shall not be considered as freeing them from responsibility or mitigating punishment. ARTICLE 8. The fact that the Defendant acted pursuant to order of his Government or of a superior shalTnortree him"frOTn~Tespon5Tbihty, but may be cons1dered 1n m1tigation of punishment if the Tribunal...

...free such accused from responsibility for any crime with which he is charged, but such circumstances may be considered in mitigation of punishment if the Tribunal determines that justice so requires." 8 This treaty provided in part: "Persuaded that the time has come when a frank renunciation of war...

...Departments, shall not be considered as freeing them from responsibility or mitigating punishment. Article 8. The fact that the Defendant acted pursuant to order...considered in mitigation of punishment if the Tribunal determine that justice so requires. Article 9. At the trial of any individual member of any group or...

...anyone from responsibility or mitigating punishment, Article 8 provides that the fact that an individual acted pursuant to order of his Government or of a superior shall not free him from responsibility. Articles 9 and 10 provide mat an organization can be declared to be criminal, and individuals may be...

...of sovereignty itself. Similarly with Article 8, "The fact that the defendant acted pursuant to an order of his Government or of a superior shall not free him from responsibility. . . . "10 The law that obligates a citizen is an "order of his Government"; by criminalizing acts that...