Model Codes for Post-conflict Criminal Justice, Том 1Vivienne M. O'Connor, Colette Rausch, Hans-Jörg Albrecht, Goran Klemenčič US Institute of Peace Press, 2007 - Всего страниц: 472 Of unparalleled breadth, depth, and authority, the Model Codes for Post-Conflict Criminal Justice is a criminal law reform tool tailored to the needs of countries emerging from conflict. Its three volumes present four complete legal codes that national and international actors can use to create, overhaul, update, or plug gaps in the criminal laws in individual post-conflict states. Each volume offers not only substantive legal provisions but also expert commentary that explains wording choices, elaborates on the content of the provisions, and highlights associated considerations and reforms. This volume, the first to be published (the second and third volumes will appear in spring 2008 and spring 2009), opens with a User's Guide that explains the development, purpose, and content of the book, and then lays out a comprehensive Model Criminal Code. The code is divided into two parts: a "General Part" that contains general principles of criminal law and penalties, and a "Special Part" that presents a catalog of criminal offenses, including those such as sexual offenses, organized crime, and corruption that are particularly common or destabilizing in post-conflict environments. The Model Codes for Post-Conflict Criminal Justice is the culmination of a six-year project spearheaded by the United States Institute of Peace and the Irish Centre for Human Rights, in collaboration with the UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and the UN Office on Drugs and Crime. More than two hundred experts and practitioners from across the world were involved in the drafting, vetting, and revision of the provisions and their commentaries. This enormous breadth of expertise has allowed the Model Codes to draw on lessons learned in a variety of post-conflict states and from the laws of a remarkable variety of the world's legal systems and traditions. The result is an indispensable resource for those striving to reestablish the rule of law in societies recently wracked by violent conflict. --Each copy of this volume contains a CD of the complete text. |
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Содержание
Foreword by Louise Arbour and Antonio Maria Costa | xv |
Acknowledgments | xxi |
Introduction | 1 |
Potential Uses of the Model Codes in a Criminal Law Reform Process | 9 |
A Synopsis of the Model Criminal Code | 17 |
Guiding Principles for the Criminal Law Reform Process | 23 |
Definitions | 31 |
Jurisdiction | 42 |
Arson | 282 |
Reckless Burning or Exploding | 283 |
Criminal Damage | 284 |
Economic Offenses | 286 |
Money Laundering | 288 |
Criminal Attempt | 290 |
Organized Crime Offenses | 293 |
Offenses Related to the Smuggling of Migrants | 297 |
Ne Bis in Idem | 51 |
Time and Place of Commission of | 61 |
Criminal Responsibility of Legal Persons | 72 |
Justification | 78 |
Penalties | 98 |
Fundamental Principle | 104 |
Procedure for Determination of Penalties | 116 |
Reduction of the Minimum Period of Imprisonment for Attempted Offenses | 127 |
Determination of the Appropriateness of a Fine as a Principal Penalty | 129 |
Determination of the Appropriate Term of Imprisonment in Light of General Mitigating and Aggravating Circumstances | 130 |
Determination of a Joint Penalty for Convictions on Two or More Criminal Offenses | 136 |
Subsequent Imposition of a Penalty on a Convicted Person | 138 |
Suspended Sentence as an Alternative Penalty | 140 |
Community Service as an Alternative Penalty | 142 |
Semiliberty as an Alternative Penalty | 144 |
Supplementation of a Principal Penalty with Additional Penalties | 145 |
Supplementation of an Alternative Penalty with Additional Penalties | 146 |
Confiscation of Property Equipment or Other Instrumentalities Used in or Destined for Use in a Criminal Offense as an Additional Penalty | 147 |
Payment of Compensation to a Victim as an Additional Penalty | 149 |
Deprivation of the Right to Be Elected as an Additional Penalty | 151 |
Deprivation of the Right to Possess or Carry Firearms as an Additional Penalty | 152 |
Prohibition on Holding a Post as a Public Official as an Additional Penalty | 154 |
Prohibition on the Exercise of Managerial or Supervisory Positions in Private Legal Entities as an Additional Penalty | 155 |
Expulsion of a Nonnational as an Additional Penalty | 156 |
Penalties for Legal Persons | 158 |
Determination of Penalties for a Legal Person | 159 |
and Property | 162 |
Dispositions Applicable to Juveniles and Adults | 170 |
Structure of Juvenile Dispositions | 178 |
82 | 180 |
Principal Juvenile Dispositions | 185 |
SPECIAL PART | 193 |
Genocide Crimes against Humanity and War Crimes | 195 |
Genocide | 196 |
Crimes against Humanity | 201 |
War Crimes | 211 |
Offenses against Life and Limb | 219 |
Assault | 222 |
Assault Causing Harm | 223 |
Threats to Kill or Cause Serious Harm | 224 |
Sexual Offenses | 226 |
Rape | 227 |
Sexual Intercourse and Acts of a Sexual Nature with a Child below the Age of Consent to Sexual Relations | 229 |
Violation of the Sexual Autonomy of a Defenseless Person | 231 |
Sexual Slavery | 232 |
Enforced Prostitution | 233 |
Sexual Violence | 234 |
Offenses against the Rights of Persons | 236 |
Trafficking in Persons | 238 |
Establishing Slavery Slaverylike Conditions and Forced Labor | 243 |
Enforced Disappearance | 244 |
Domestic Violence | 246 |
Kidnapping | 251 |
Unlawful Deprivation of Liberty | 252 |
Criminal Coercion | 253 |
Unauthorized Search of a Dwelling or Premises | 254 |
Unauthorized Visual Recording | 255 |
Violation of the Privacy and Confidentiality of Communications | 257 |
Abuse of Personal Data | 258 |
Abuse of Personal Secrets | 259 |
Offenses against Children | 261 |
Sale of Children | 262 |
Child Prostitution | 263 |
Child Pornography | 264 |
Possession of Child Pornography | 266 |
Property Offenses | 268 |
Robbery and Aggravated Robbery | 270 |
Extortion | 272 |
Burglary | 273 |
Aggravated Burglary | 274 |
Bringing into the State Property Obtained through Crime | 275 |
Fraud | 276 |
Embezzlement of Property | 277 |
Forgery | 279 |
Using False Instruments | 280 |
Possessing False Instruments | 281 |
Corruption Offenses | 304 |
Corruption Involving a Public Official | 307 |
Corruption Involving a Foreign Public Official or an Official of a Public International Organization | 309 |
Corruption in the Private Sector | 311 |
CorruptionRelated Offenses and Other Offenses Involving a Public Official | 314 |
Embezzlement Misappropriation or Other Diversion of Property by a Public Official | 316 |
Abuse of Functions | 317 |
Illicit Enrichment | 318 |
Concealment | 319 |
Threat and Improper Influence | 320 |
Offenses against the State Public Safety and Security | 321 |
Financing Terrorism | 323 |
Terrorist Bombing | 325 |
Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft | 330 |
Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation | 331 |
Unlawful Acts of Violence at an Airport Serving International Civil Aviation | 333 |
Offenses against Internationally Protected Persons | 334 |
Taking of Hostages | 336 |
Offenses Related to Nuclear Material | 338 |
Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Maritime Navigation | 340 |
Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Fixed Platforms | 342 |
Piracy | 344 |
Bombing | 345 |
Disruption of Supply of Public Installations | 346 |
Destruction or Unauthorized Removal of Cultural Property | 347 |
Incitement to Crime on Account of Hatred | 350 |
Unauthorized Border and Boundary Crossing | 352 |
Offenses against United Nations and Associated Personnel | 353 |
Offenses Involving Firearms Ammunition Explosives and Weapons | 357 |
Illicit Manufacturing or Trafficking in Firearms or Ammunition | 359 |
Illicit Obliteration Removal or Altering of Markings on Firearms | 361 |
Illicit Manufacturing or Trafficking in Explosives | 363 |
Unlawful Purchase of Firearms Ammunition Explosives or Weapons | 364 |
Unlawful Possession Control or Ownership of Firearms Ammunition Explosives or Weapons | 366 |
Unlawful Use of Firearms | 368 |
Drug Offenses | 370 |
Trafficking in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances | 373 |
Possession or Purchase of Narcotic Drugs or Psychotropic Substances for the Purpose of Trafficking | 376 |
Organizing Managing or Financing Trafficking in Narcotic Drugs or Psychotropic Substances | 377 |
Cultivation of Opium Poppy Coca Bush or Cannabis Plant | 378 |
Manufacture Transport or Distribution of Precursors | 381 |
Manufacture Transport or Distribution of Equipment or Materials for Use in the Illicit Cultivation Production or Manufacture of Narcotic Drugs or Ps... | 382 |
Possession or Purchase of Narcotic Drugs or Psychotropic Substances for Personal Use | 383 |
Election Offenses | 386 |
Violating the Free Decision of Voters | 387 |
Abuse of the Right to Vote | 388 |
Violating Confidentiality in Voting | 389 |
Election Fraud | 390 |
Threat to an Election Candidate | 391 |
Cybercrime Offenses | 392 |
Illegal Access to a Computer System | 393 |
Illegal Interception of Computer Data | 394 |
Interference with Computer Data | 395 |
Interference with a Computer System | 396 |
Misuse of Devices | 397 |
Offenses against the Administration of Justice | 399 |
Fabrication of Evidence | 400 |
Presentation of False or Forged Evidence | 401 |
Obstruction of Justice of a Witness | 402 |
Obstruction of Justice of a Justice or Policing Official | 404 |
Retaliation against a Witness | 405 |
Failure to Respect an Order of the Court | 406 |
Providing Assistance to Perpetrator after the Commission of a Criminal Offense | 407 |
False Statements of a Cooperative Witness | 408 |
Revealing the Sealed Order for Protective Measures or Anonymity | 409 |
Annex 1 | 411 |
Annex 2 | 415 |
Annex 3 | 417 |
Further Reading and Resources Legal Instruments | 421 |
Further Reading Relevant to the General Part of the Model Criminal Code | 426 |
Further Reading Relevant to the Special Part of the Model Criminal Code | 430 |
Criminal Law Reform Resources | 441 |
Useful Web Sites | 447 |
453 | |
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Model Codes for Post-conflict Criminal Justice, Том 1 Vivienne M. O'Connor,Colette Rausch,Hans-Jörg Albrecht,Goran Klemenčič Ограниченный просмотр - 2007 |
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