secondary root by inserting a nasal before the final syllable, as in Audu er Antu, or by adding the syllables ef or e, ur, al, gu, angu, &c. as here exemplified, is common to them all. This formation of a number of secondary roots from a primitive by the adjuncts mentioned, is constantly observable under every letter of the alphabet: the primitive is found sometimes in Tam, sometimes in Can, and sometimes in Tel. sometimes it exists in all three, sometimes in none of them. Casa to be modest, or diffident. Casangu to be bruised by the hand Casi to be moist or dampà to weep - entreat. Cada to pass beyond. give attention - Cáttu as in Can. This root in Tamil is pronounced Cazhavu; da in Tel. and ía in Can. are constantly substituted for the Tamil Zhand roots of which the final is gu in the former end in the latter in vu; thus the root meaning to stroke gently caress is in Tam. Tazhuvu in Tel. Tadugu &c. This root is not in Tam, but it is evidently the same in meaning and derivation with the two following, the last of which, Cadu, is the primitive of all those commencing with Cad in the three languages. Canalu to become angry - Canalu to kindle as fire - Canal jade. Canu to see - to bring forth a child. Cappu to cover. to become angry. and to become an Candal gry. But though radical connection may be proved to exist between languages, their actual connection, as regards terms used for the expression of ideas, may not be intimate and it becomes necessary, therefore, to establish this point, to enter further into detail and compare the words of the three cognate dialects, as well as the roots whence they are derived. Mámidi Vencaya, the author of the Andhra Dipaca, an excellent Dictionary of the Telugu, has, in the preface to this work, introduced a concise analysis of the language, the substance of which, as affording the means of making this comparison, is translated in the following paragraphs. "The modes of derivation in the Andhra language are four; they are Tatsaman, Tad bhavam, Désyam and Grámyam. "'OF PURE SANSCRIT TERMS RECEIVED IN TELUGU. "Tatsamam consists of Sanscrit terms, pure as spoken in heaven, the Telugu terminations being substituted for those of the original language, of which the following are examples. SANSCRIT. TATSAMAM. Rámandu aproper name. Bhub,brüt Bhúb,hrüitu aking. SANSCRIT. TATSAMAM. OF TERMS DERIVED FROM THE SANSCRIT. "Tadbhavam consists of terms formed, either from the Sanscrit direct, or through one of the six Pracrits, varied by the interposition of syllables, and by the substitution, increment, and decrement of letters, as explained in the Vaicrüta-chundrica: the several modes of derivation, here indicated, are exemplified in the following lists, TADB, HAVAM TERMS DERIVED IMMEDIATELY FROM SANSCRIT, ་་ TADB,HAVAM TERMS BERIVED FROM SANSCRIT THROUGH PACRUTAM SPOKEN IN THE COUNTRY OF MAHARASTRA. THE TADB ̧HAVAM TERMS DERIVED THROUGH SAURASENI, THE LANGUAGE OF THE COUNTRY OF SURASENA, Yejnópavítam Dzannóvídam Dzannidamu the Brahminical thread. Prátijnyátam Padinhádam Pannidamu a vow. 66 TADB,HAVAM TERMS DERIVED THROUGH THE MAGADHI, SPOKEN IN THE COUNTRY OF MAGAD,HA. " TADB, HAVAM TERMS DERIVED THROUGH THE PAISACHI, SPOKEN IN THE COUNTRIES OF PANDYA AND CECAYA. |