106 A testimony of the said Wil. of Malmesbury concerning traffique . The league betweene Henry the second, and Frederick Bar- A mandate for the king of Norway his ship called, The Cog, ΠΟ A Charter granted for the behalfe of the Merchants of Colen, in the 20. yeere of Henry the thirde, A Charter of the Merchants of Almaine, or the Stilyard- King Edw. the first his great Charter granted to forreine The letters of Edward the second unto Haquinus King of Norway, concerning certain English Merchants arrested Another letter of Edw. the second unto the said Haquinus for A third letter of King Edward the second to the said Haquinus A briefe relation of William Esturmy and John Kington, con- cerning their Ambassages into Prussia and to the Hans- Compositions and Ordinances concluded betweene the Ambassa- THE PRINCIPALL NAVIGATIONS-Continued. An agreement made betweene kind Henry the fourth, and 139 The letters of Ulricus de Jungingen master generall of Prussia, signifying unto king Henry the 4. that he was contented with certeine agreements concluded by his messengers at The letters of king Henry the fourth unto Ulricus de Jungingen, A charter of king Henry the fourth, graunted in the fifth yeere of his raigne unto the English merchants resident in the A note touching the mighty ships of king Henry the fift, taken out of a Chronicle in the Trinitie Church of Winchester, A branch of a Statute made in the eight yeere of Henry the 6. Another branch of a Statute made in the 10. yeere of king Henry the sixt concerning the state of English merchants in the dominions of the king of Denmarke, A large Charter granted by king Edward the fourth, in the second yere of his raigne, to the English merchants residing A perswasion of Robert Thorne merchant of Bristol, and dwelling long in Sivil in Spaine, to king Henry the eight The discourse of the foresaid Robert Thorne, written to Doctour The excellent orders and instructions of Sebastian Cabot given The names of the twelve Counsellers appointed in sir Hugh The letters of king Edward the sixt, written at that time to all THE PRINCIPALL NAVIGATIONS-Continued. The names of the Ships, Captains, Mariners, and other officers of that first worthy enterprise, The othe ministred to the Captaine of the Fleete, The othe ministred to the Masters of the ships, The voyage of Richard Chanceller Pilote major, the first dis- The coynes, waights and measures used in Russia, The Commission given to the merchants Agents resiant in Russia, The othe ministred to the servants of the Moscovie company, The letter of George Killingworth the first Agent in Russia, Instructions given to the Pursers of the Moscovie voyage, The voyage of Stephen Burrough toward the River of Ob, 333 The landing of Richard Johnson among the Samoeds, Anno 352 A discourse of the honourable receiving into England of the first Ambassadour from the Emperour of Russia, The voyage of the aforesaide Stephen Burrough from Colmogro in Russia to Wardhouse, in search of certaine English ships not heard-of the yeere before, Anno 1557, Instructions given to the Masters and Mariners of the ships of the Moscovie Company, sayling towards the bay of S. A letter of the Company of the Moscovie merchants unto their Agents, George Killingworth, Richard Gray, and Henry A letter of M. Thomas Hawtree to the Moscovie Companies Agent M. Henry Lane at Colmogro, A letter of the Moscovie Company to their Agents in Russia, The voyage of M. Anthony Jenkinson from the Citie of Mosco in Russia to Boghar in Bactria, Anno 1558, INTRODUCTION. RICHARD HAKLUYT, the scholar who edited these Voyages, was born (it is thought) in London, of a good Herefordshire family, about the year 1553. He was educated at Westminster School; and it was as a Westminster boy that he received his bent towards the study of books of travel. While on a visit to the Temple his cousin (another Richard Hakluyt) showed him a map of the world, and gave him "a lesson in geography," to such good purpose that the boy, full of "rare delight," resolved, "by good assistance, to prosecute that knowledge and kind of literature," if ever he should go to the University. In 1570, while Drake was "prospecting" for his Nombre de Dios voyage, he went to Christ Church, Oxford, where he soon acquired some five or six languages to help him in his study. He read all the books of Voyages, and all the mariners' journals, to be obtained at Oxford; and besides this, he studied the arts of map-making and navigation; and began to put together a first collection of Voyages (to America and the West Indies) which was published long after he had taken his degree, in the year 1582. A year after the publication of this book he went to Paris, as chaplain to the English ambassador, with whom he remained for five years. During his stay in France he worked at his great collection, The Principal Navigations, which was published, in one folio volume, in 1589, the year after the Armada. In 1590 he became rector of Wetheringsett in Suffolk, where he must have lived until 1602, when he was made prebendary (and afterwards archdeacon) of Westminster. In 1612, he became rector of Gedney, Lincs., where, in 1616, he died, aged sixty-three. His Principal Navigations were issued in their final form (three black letter folios) in 1599; but they contain only a small fraction of his life's work. He published besides these folios, a Discourse of Western Planting, and three or four translations from the French and the Portuguese. An immense mass of manuscript was in his possession when he died; and this was afterwards published by Samuel Purchas, in the four huge quartos of the |