Two, the great majority of money is raised by the stations themselves in this case. The Corporation has to be careful not to press in this area because it is important that the stations have their funds. So there are areas that we do not touch.

Senator PASTORE. Which leads me, at this point, Mr. Pace, to make this observation. The commercial television industry is a very lucrative one. It is a very privileged field. It comes only to few. There are many seeking. Once you get it, it is like touching the rainbow in many instances.

In the highly congested metropolitan areas, my experience has been that this is a very lucrative industry. It is quite limited and has to be limited for technological reasons. I would sincerely hope, and I say this very, very sincerely, that the commercial television industry will come up with a substantial part of that $7.5 million.

Now, they have said time and time again how much they approve of public television. They have endorsed it. They have come here and testified and in all probability will testify again.

I would hope that more words and more rhetoric will get the hard cold cash. I would hope that they would meet a great part of this $7.5 million as an example of what they mean.

Mr. PACE. The chairman's words are as always, of great value to us. I can assure you, Mr. Chairman, that we will give them that opportunity.

Senator PASTORE. You can have a transcript and show it to them. Mr. PACE. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. I have no more to say other than, that on behalf of the other members of the Board, this privilege is indeed a great one. If I may say so, I personally, and every Member of this Board, has enjoyed this opportunity thoroughly. If I may have the privilege of saying so, it is because of your understanding of the breadth and quality of what the corporation can be to this country that makes this job as satisfactory a one as it has been

to me.

Senator PASTORE. We spend millions and millions of dollars. We have a Headstart program. It is a fine program. There is no question about that fact It has been already pointed out that the creativity of this Sesame Street is really amazing. There are few dollars by comparison. I think we do a great deal right in the home of the child.

These are the formative years. I had a schoolteacher in my office only yesterday who deals with this matter of reading. You would be surprised how many of our young people really don't know how to read properly. If you can't read correctly, you can't understand the question. If you do not understand the question, how can you give the right answer. These things are important.

I don't think that there has been a sufficient concentration in our whole educational process on this question of proper reading. You have got to understand what the question is before you can give the answer. Otherwise, it is just a guessing game. You may guess right or you may guess wrong. Certainly, you are not learning anything.

I want to thank you very much, Mr. Pace. Again, I commend you for your devotion to this public, worthwhile project.

Mr. MACY. I appreciate, very much, the opportunity to join with Mr. Pace in support of the future action of the Corporation. I have a rather lengthy statement which I would like to place in the record, and then offer a condensation of it.

Senator PASTORE. It will be inserted in the record after your oral summation.

Mr. MACY. Many of the activities of the Corporation are familiar to you, and Mr. Pace has given you the overview from the Board's point of view. I join him n feeling that the past year of activities for the Corporation have been marked by progress and advancement.

I believe that within the limited resources that have been made available to us in the form of "seed money," we have been able to move into a number of significant areas that have carried out the mandate of the Congress in the Public Broadcasting Act.

Some of the evidence is in the continuing growth in the number of public television and radio stations across the country. Last year there were 184 television stations. Today there are 191. There are 24 additional ones that are in the process of developing the necessary capabilities to go on the air, in accordance with their licenses.

(The list follows:)

Senator PASTORE. Do we have any statistics on how many people listen to public television?

Mr. MACY. Yes. One of our activities during the past year has been to undertake, for the first time, some audience research with respect to the number of people that are watching. The Louis Harris organization conducted a survey for us last fall that revealed that about 8 million families are watching public television every week and that this would represent about 20 million people.

Over a longer period of time, the number of viewers goes up very substantially. We know that we now have stations on the air that can be received by 74 percent of the television households across the country. The additional development of stations will be to fill in the remaining 26 percent or as close to the full 100 percent as we can. We have been following the mandate of Congress in enhancing the development of public radio. Public radio is in a state of very limited strength and although there have been 424 stations licensed and on the air, nearly half of them are 10 watts-very limited power-and therefore have a very limited audience.

One of the things we have done in the last year is to set up certain minimum standards before the Corporation would grant general support to these stations. Seventy-three of them have met those

standards and will be receiving support fron the Corporation in the next few days.

Senator PASTORE. Can you enumerate those in the record for us? Mr. MACY. Yes. I can give you a full list.

Senator PASTORE. We would appreciate that. That question is apt to arise on the floor.

Mr. MACY. We will be very happy to. Both for television and radio. (The subsequent information was received for the record:)

STATIONS MEETING STANDARDS UNDER CPB POLICY FOR PUBLIC RADIO STATION ASSISTANCE (NOVEMBER 1969)

Effective June 1, 1970, the following public radio stations will be added to the present list of 73 CPB qualifying stations: