cil of the United Nations, is entitled to representation at meetings of the Sugar Council and maintains a general liaison relationship.' BASIC TEXTS AND PUBLICATIONS U.S. Department of State. Regulation of Production and Marketing of Sugar: Agreement and Protocol Between the United States of America and Other Powers. Signed at London May 6, 1937. Protocol Enforcing and Prolonging the Agreement. Signed at London July 22, 1942. And Additional Protocol. Signed at London August 31, 1944. Treaty Series 990. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1945. (59 Stat. 922). .. Protocol. Prolonging the International Agreement of May 6, 1937. Signed at London August 31, 1945. Treaties and Other International Acts Series 1523. Pub. 2586. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1946. (60 Stat. 1373). ... ... Protocol . . . Prolonging the International Agreement of May 6, 1937. Signed at London August 30, 1946. Treaties and Other International Acts Series 1614. Pub. 2856. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1947. (61 Stat. pt. 1236). Protocol . . . Prolonging the International Agreement of May 6, 1937. Signed at London August 29, 1947. Treaties and Other International Acts Series 1755. Pub. 3213. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1948. (62 Stat. pt. 2 -). Sugar Act: of 1937. 50 Stat. 903; . of 1948, 61 Stat. 922. Message from the President of the United States transmitting a certified copy of a Protocol dated in London August 31, 1948, prolonging for one year after Aug. 31, 1948 the International Agreement regarding the regulation of production and marketing of sugar, signed at London May 6, 1937. Printed for use of Senate Committee on Foreign Relations (Senate Executive F, 81st Con. 1st session). Treaties, Conventions, International Acts, Protocols and Agreements Between the United States of America and Other Powers. 4 vols. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1910-1938. (n. b. "International Agreement Regarding the Regulation of Production and Marketing of Sugar, signed at London, May 6, 1937", vol. IV, p. 5599.) International Labor Office. Intergovernmental Commodity Control Agreements. Montreal, 1943. 221 pp. (n. b. "Agreement concerning the Regulation of Production and Marketing of Sugar, May 6, 1937", pp. 26–43; “Protocol to enforce and to Prolong after August 31, 1942, the International Agreement regarding the Regulation of Production and Marketing of Sugar, July 22, 1942", pp. 45-46.) International Sugar Council. Minutes of the informal meeting held on August 23, 1940, at the Shell-Mex House, London W. C. 2 [London, 1940]. 13 pp. (mimeographed). Statistical Bulletin of the International Sugar Council, 11 Waterloo Place, London, SW1. (There are also minutes of meetings and monthly press summaries at the headquarters of the International Sugar Council.) 'See p. 54: ICCICA. International Tin Study Group 7 Carel van Bylandtlaan, The Hague, Netherlands ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT Delegates from the principal tin producing and tin consuming countries of the world attending a World Tin Conference held in London in October 1946 unanimously agreed to recommend to their governments the establishment of an International Tin Study Group. Consideration had been given to the recognized need for continual review of the world tin situation and the fact that the existing International Tin Agreement would expire on December 31, 1946. The United States Government agreed to act as the depository of acceptances of this recommendation, which were received from all participating governments before the end of 1946. The International Tin Study Group, thus established, superseded the International Tin Committee, although its functions are not identical. The Group held its first meeting at London in April 1947 and its fourth and latest at London in June 1949. MEMBERSHIP The International Tin Study Group is composed of representatives of governments principally interested in the production or consumption of tin. Governments may become members by signifying such an interest and accepting the financial and other obligations. The present members are Australia, Belgium, Bolivia, British Colonies, Canada, China, Czechoslovakia, France, India, Italy, Netherlands, Thailand, the United Kingdom, and the United States. PURPOSES, POWERS, AND FUNCTIONS The basic purpose of the Tin Study Group is to maintain a continuous intergovernmental review of the world supply and demand situation, both present and prospective, with respect to tin in all its forms. It is authorized to undertake such studies as it sees fit and to arrange for the collection of necessary statistics. Its duties include the consideration of measures designed to stimulate the world consumption of tin. It is also the responsibility of the Group to consider possible solutions of problems which are unlikely to be solved through the ordinary development of world trade in tin and to formulate and transmit pertinent recommendations to the participating governments. In addition, so far as is practicable, it keeps other interested governments informed of the results of its studies and discussions. STRUCTURE Regular meetings of the Study Group are to be held annually. In addition a statistical staff has been established at The Hague, the site of a permanent secretariat, for the continuous collection and dissemination of information on tin production and consumption. A Management Committee, which meets quarterly and which is composed of representatives of seven of the member governments, including the United States, has the responsibility for appointing the permanent secretary, preparing the budget, making the necessary financial arrangements for and supervising the work of the secretariat. Although it has been found convenient to hold the meetings of this committee at The Hague and in Brussels, they may be held at any location. Official languages are English and French. The present secretary of the International Tin Study Group is William Fox. FINANCES Budget. The approved budget of the International Tin Study Group has amounted to £10,000 ($40,325) for each of the fiscal years 1948, 1949, and 1950. Members' Quotas. The expenses of the Study Group are paid by a flat rate contribution of £500 from each of the member governments. In the event that the sum of these subscriptions falls short of the total budget for the year, the balance is paid in proportion to each member's tin production or consumption (whichever is greater) in the year previous to the budget year in question. Assessments for the fiscal year 1949 were as follows: UNITED STATES RELATIONS Authorization. The United States participates in the meetings of the International Tin Study Group under the Executive authority for participation in international conferences. Payments. The United States pays its contribution from funds appropriated to the Department of State. Its quota for the fiscal year 1948 was £1,775 $7,158); for the fiscal year 1949, £1,349 ($5,440); and for the fiscal year 1950, £1,207 ($4,867). The share of the United States for the fiscal year 1950 is 12.07 percent of total assessments. Participation. The Departments of State and Commerce are primarily concerned with the formulation of United States policy in the Group and implementation of its recommendations. The United States is represented by official delegates having full voting rights and is one of the seven governments represented on the Management Committee. As the United States is an important importer of tin, it has played an important role in the Study Group's activities. RELATIONS WITH OTHER INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS The Interim Coordinating Committee on International Commodity Arrangements (ICCICA), established by the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations, is entitled to representation at meetings of the International Tin Study Group and maintains a general liaison relationship. BASIC TEXTS AND PUBLICATIONS International Tin Study Group Press Releases. International Tin Study Group Statistical Bulletin: Monthly (Carries statistics and summaries of four meetings held and conclusions reached.) Obtainable at the headquarters of the Group at Carel van Bylandtlaan, The Hague, Netherlands. International Wheat Council Queen Anne's Chambers, 28 Broadway, Westminster, London, England ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT An International Wheat Council was established pursuant to a Memorandum of Agreement initialed in April 1942 (effective June 27, 1942) by representatives of the Governments of Argentina, Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It succeeded the International Wheat Advisory Committee, which had been estab lished at London in August 1933. The Council, whose membership was later expanded, served as a focus for discussions and negotiations looking toward a full-fledged wheat agreement. This Memorandum of Agreement had attached a Draft Convention which it was agreed should serve as the basis of discussion in developing an international wheat agreement at a conference to be called by the United States after the cessation of World War II hostilities. Only that part of the draft agreement which provided for the establishment of a Council and for administration of an international wheat pool for relief purposes during the war was actually put in force, pending a postwar international wheat conference. The Memorandum of Agreement also provided that, in the event of failure to convene an international wheat conference within a given period of time after cessation of hostilities, the Council should bring into operation clauses of the draft agreement relating to quotas and prices. The Memorandum of Agreement was amended, effective June 3, 1946, to permit the Council, whose membership was now being expanded, to remain in being pending the conclusions of an international conference or until such time as the governments represented on the Council should determine.R International wheat conferences were held in 1947, 1948, and 1949. At the 1948 conference an international wheat agreement was negotiated but failed of acceptance by enough countries to bring it into force. At a meeting in July 1948 of the representatives of the Governments which had signed the 1948 agreement, a Preparatory Committee was established to serve as a means whereby interested governments would consult with each other with a view toward negotiating an agreement. On the recommendation of this Committee, an international wheat conference was held in Washington, January 26– March 23, 1949, at which time there was negotiated an international wheat agreement which was in the nature of a renegotiation of the 1948 agreement, with certain important modifications. This document was signed by representatives of 41 countries and was submitted to their respective Governments for acceptance, to be effected by July 1, 1949. It was accepted by that date by a sufficient number of countries (exporting countries covering the required 80 percent of quantities guaranteed for export and importing countries covering the required 70 percent of quantities guaranteed for import under the agreement) to provide for the organization of a new International Wheat Council, composed of representatives of the countries which ratified the agreement. The agreement entered into force on July 1, 1949, with the exception of certain operating features (part 2), which came See Basic Texts and Publications, p. 73. |