1

Appendix this time BY THE AID OF THE HOLY GHOST, with uniform agreement is of them concluded, fet forth, &c.

to

Introduct.

But after

wards fub

the cen

fure of Bu

cer and

Martyr.

ceptions it

was re

altered.

But about the end of the year 1550, or the beginning of 1551, fome exceptions were taken at fome things in this book, which were thought to favour too much of fumitted to perftition. perftition. To remove thefe objections therefore, Archbifhop Cranmer propofed to review it: and to this end called in the affiftance of Martin Bucer, and Peter Martyr, two foreigners, whom he had invited over from the troubles in Germany; who not understanding the English tongue, had Latin verfions prepared for them: one Aleffe, a Scotch Divine, tranflating it on purpose for the ufe of Bucer; and Martyr being furnished with the verfion of Sir John Cheke, who had alfo formerly translated Upon it into 74 Latin. What liberties this encouraged them to whofe ex- take in their cenfures of the firft Liturgy, and how far they were inftrumental to the laying afide several very viewed and primitive and venerable ufages, I fhall have properer opportunities of fhewing hereafter, when I come to treat of the particulars in the body of the book. It will be fufficient here juft to note the most confiderable additions and alterations that were then made: fome of which must be allowed to be good; as efpecially the addition of the fentences, exhortation, confeffion, and abfolution, at the beginning of the morning and evening fervices, which in the firft Common Prayer Book began with the Lord's Prayer. The other changes were the removing of fome rites and ceremonies retained in the former book; fuch as the use of oil in baptifm; the unction of the fick ; prayers for fouls departed, both in the communion-office, and in that for the burial of the dead; the leaving out the invocation of the Holy Ghost in the confecration of the eucharift, and the prayer of oblation that was used to follow it; the omitting the rubric, that ordered water to be mixed with wine, with feveral other lefs material variations. The habits alfo, that were prescribed by the former book, were ordered by this to be laid afide; and, lastly, a rubric was added at the end of the communion-office And again confirmed to explain the reason of kneeling at the Sacrament. The by act of book thus revised and altered was again confirmed in Parliament. Parliament A. D. 1551, who declared, that the alterations Acts were that were made in it proceeded from curiofity rather than repealed by any worthy caufe. But both this and the former act made Q. Mary. in 1548, were repealed in the first year of Queen Mary,

Both which

74 Strype's Memorials of Archbishop Cranmer, p. 210.

as not being agreeable to the Romish superstition, which Appendix fhe was refolved to reftore.

to

of K. Ed

But upon the acceffion of Queen Elizabeth, the act of Introduct. repeal was reverfed; and, in order to the restoring of the But the feEnglish fervice, feveral learned divines were appointed to cond book take another review of King Edward's Liturgies, and to frame from them both a book for the use of the Church again eftaof England. The names of those who, Mr. Cambden 75 blished in fays, were employed, are these that follow:

ward was

the reign of Q. Eli

Dr. Matthew Parker, afterwards Archbishop of Can-zabeth. terbury.

Dr. Richard Cox, afterwards Bishop of Ely.
Dr. May.

Dr. Bill.

Dr. James Pilkington, afterwards Bishop of Durham.
Sir Thomas Smith.

Mr. David Whitehead.

Mr. Edmund Grindall, afterwards Bishop of London, and then Archbishop of Canterbury.

To thefe, Mr. Strype fays 76, were added Dr. Edwin Sandys, afterwards Bishop of Worcester, and Mr. Edward Guest, a very learned man, who was afterwards Archdeacon of Canterbury, Almoner to the Queen, and Bishop of Rochester, and afterwards of Salisbury. And this laft perfon, Mr Strype thinks, had the main care of the whole business; being, as he fuppofes, recommended by Parker to fupply his abfence. It was debated at first, which of the two books of King Edward fhould be received; and fecretary Cecil fent feveral queries to Guest, concerning the reception of fome particulars in the firft book; as prayers for the dead, the prayer of confecration, the delivery of the facrament into the mouth of the communicant, &c.77 But however, the fecond book of King Edward was pitched upon as the book to be proposed to the Parliament to be eftablished, who accordingly paffed and commanded it to be ufed, with one alteration or addition of certain leffons to be used on every Sunday in the year, and the form of the Litany altered and corrected, and two fentences added in the delivery of the facrament to the communicants, and none other, or otherwife.

The alteration in the Litany here mentioned was the leaving out a rough expreffion, viz. From the tyranny of

75 In his Hiftory of Queen Elizabeth.

76 Strype's Annals of Queen Eli

zabeth, p. 82, 83.

77 Strype, ut fupra.

the

Introduct.

Appendix the Bishop of Rome, and all his deteftable enormities, which to was a part of the laft deprecation in both the books of King Edward; and the adding those words to the first petition for the Queen, strengthen in the true worshipping of thee, in righteousness and holiness of life, which were not in before. The two fentences added in the delivery of the facrament were thefe, the body of our Lord Jefus Chrift, which was given for thee; or the blood of our Lord Jefus Chrift, which was fhed for thee; preferve thy body and foul 'to everlasting life: which were taken out of King Edward's first book, and were the whole forms then used; whereas in the second book of that King, these sentences were left out, and in the room of them were used, take, eat, or drink this, with what follows; but now in Queen Elizabeth's book both thefe forms were united.

And fome

made in it

in the reign

of King

Though, befides these here mentioned, there are some other variations in this book from the second of King Edward, viz. The first rubric, concerning the fituation of the Chancel and the proper place of reading divine fervice, was altered; the Habits enjoined by the first book of King Edward, and forbid by the fecond, were now restored. At the end of the Litany was added a prayer for the Queen, and another for the Clergy. And, laftly, the rubric that was added at the end of the communion-office, in the fecond book of King Edward VI. against the notion of our Lord's real and effential prefence in the holy Sacrament, was left out of this. For it being the Queen's defign to unite the nation in one faith, it was therefore recommended to the divines to fee that there should be no definition made against the aforefaid notion, but that it fhould remain as a Ipeculative opinion not determined, in which every one was left to the freedom of his own mind.

And in this ftate the Liturgy continued without any alterations farther alteration, till the first year of King James I. when, after the conference at Hampton-court, between that Prince with Archbishop Whitgift of Canterbury, James I. and other Bishops and Divines on the one fide; and Dr. Reynolds, with fome other Puritans on the other; there were fome forms of thanksgiving added at the end of the Litany, and an addition made to the catechifm concerning the facraments; the catechifm before that time ending with the answer to that queftion which immediately follows the Lord's prayer. And in the rubric in the beginning of the office for private baptifm, the words lawful minifter were inferted, to prevent midwives or laymen

from

from prefuming to baptize, with one or two more fmall Appendix alterations.

to

ftoration.

And in this ftate it continued to the time of King Introduct. Charles II. who, immediately after his restoration, at the And the request of feveral of the Prefbyterian minifters, was will-whole book again reing to comply to another review, and therefore iffued out viewed afa commiffion, dated March 25, 1661, to impower twelve ter the Reof the Bishops, and twelve of the Prefbyterian divines, to confider of the objections raised againft the Liturgy, and to make fuch reasonable and neceffary alterations as they fhould jointly agree upon: nine affiftants on each fide being added to fupply the place of any of the twelve principles who fhould happen to be abfent. The names

of them are as follow:

On the Episcoparian fide.

Appendix
Thefe commiffioners had feveral meetings at the Sa-
to voy, but all to very little purpose; the Prefbyterians
Introduct. heaped together all the old fcruples that the Puritans had

To

for above a hundred years been raifing against the Li-
turgy, and, as if they were not enough, fwelling the
number of them with many new ones of their own.
thefe, one and all, they demand compliance on the
Church fide, and will hear of no contradiction even in
the minutest circumftances. But the completeft piece of
affurance was the behaviour of Baxter, who (though the
King's commiffion gave them no farther power, than to
compare the Common Prayer Book with the most ancient Li-
turgies that had been used in the Church, in the most primi-
tive and pureft times; requiring them to avoid, as much as
poffible, all unnecessary alterations of the Forms and Liturgy,
wherewith the people were altogether acquainted, and had fo
long received in the Church of England) would not so much
as allow that our Liturgy was capable of amendment, but
confidently pretended to compofe a new one of his own;
and, without any regard to any other Liturgy whatsoever,
either modern or ancient, amaffed together a dull, te-
dious, crude, and indigefted heap of ftuff; which, toge-
ther with the reft of the Commiffioners on the Prefby-
terian fide, he had the infolence to offer to the Bishops,
to be received and established in the room of the Liturgy.
Such ufage as this, we may reasonably think, muft draw
the difdain and contempt of all that were concerned for
the Church. So that the conference broke up, without
any thing done, except that fome particular alterations
were proposed by the epifcopal divines, which, the May
following, were confidered and agreed to by the whole
Clergy in Convocation. The principal of them were,
that feveral leffons in the calendar were changed for
others more proper for the days; the prayers for particular
occafions were disjoined from the Litany, and the two
prayers to be used in the Ember-weeks, the prayer for the
Parliament, that for all conditions of men, and the general
thanksgiving, were added: feveral of the collects were al-
tered, the epiftles and gofpels were taken out of the last
translation of the Bible, being read before according to
the old tranflation: the office for baptifm of thofe of riper

duction to his Defence of the Doc-
trine and Difcipline of the Church
of England: and there are not twelve
principal Commiffioners on the
Church fide without him and

therefore I fuppofe he was left out of the copy of the commiffion in 1661, by the printer's mistake, and that from thence Dr. Nichols and Mr. Collier might continue the omiffion.

years,