JX 232 A 48 20.66 cop. 3 BUILDING THE PEACE The United Nations Dumbarton Oaks Proposals General International Organization To be the subject of THE UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE at San Francisco, April 25, 1945 THERE SHOULD be established an international organization under the title of The United Nations, the Charter of which should contain provisions necessary to give effect to the proposals which follow. Chapter I. Purposes The purposes of the Organization should be: 1. To maintain international peace and security; and to that end to take effective collective measures for the prevention and removal of threats to the peace and the suppression of acts of aggression or other breaches of the peace, and to bring about by peaceful means adjustment or settlement of international disputes which may lead to a breach of the peace; 2. To develop friendly relations among nations and to take other appropriate measures to strengthen universal peace; 3. To achieve international cooperation in the solution of international economic, social and other humanitarian problems; and 4. To afford a center for harmonizing the actions of nations in the achievement of these common ends. Chapter II. Principles In pursuit of the purposes mentioned in Chapter I the Organization and its members should act in accordance with the following principles: 1. The Organization is based on the principle of the sovereign equality of all peace-loving states. 2. All members of the Organization undertake, in order to ensure to all of them the rights and benefits resulting from membership in the Organization, to fulfill the obligations assumed by them in accordance with the Charter. 3. All members of the Organization shall settle their disputes by peaceful means in such a manner that international peace and security are not endangered. 4. All members of the Organization shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force in any manner inconsistent with the purposes of the Organization. 5. All members of the Organization shall give every assistance to the Organization in any action undertaken by it in accordance with the provisions of the Charter. 6. All members of the Organization shall refrain from giving assistance to any state against which preventive or enforcement action is being undertaken by the Organization. The Organization should ensure that states not members of the Organization act in accordance with these principles so far as may be necessary for the maintenance of international peace and security. Chapter III. Membership 1. Membership of the Organization should be open to all peace-loving states. Chapter IV. Principal Organs 1. The Organization should have as its principal organs: a. A General Assembly; b. A Security Council; c. An international court of justice; and d. A Secretariat. 2. The Organization should have such subsidiary agencies as may be found necessary. Chapter V. The General Assembly SECTION A. COMPOSITION. All members of the Organization should be members of the General Assembly and should have a number of representatives to be specified in the Charter. SECTION B. FUNCTIONS AND POWERS. 1. The General Assembly should have the right to consider the general principles of cooperation in the maintenance of international peace and security, including the principles governing disarmament and the regulation of armaments; to discuss any questions relating to the maintenance of international peace and security brought before it by any member or members of the Organization or by the Security Council; and to make recommendations with regard to any such principles or questions. Any such questions on which action is necessary should be referred to the Security Council by the General Assembly either before or after discussion. The General Assembly should not on its own initiative make recommendations on any matter relating to the maintenance of international peace and security which is being dealt with by the Security Council. 2. The General Assembly should be empowered to admit new members to the Organization upon recommendation of the Security Council. 3. The General Assembly should, upon recommendation of the Security Council, be empowered to suspend from the exercise of any rights or privileges of membership any member of the Organization against which preventive or enforcement action shall have been taken by the Security Council. The exercise of the rights and privileges thus suspended may be restored by decision of the Security Council. The General Assembly should be empowered, upon recommendation of the Security Council, to expel from the Organization any member of the Organization which persistently violates the principles contained in the Charter. 4. The General Assembly should elect the nonpermanent members of the Security Council and the members of the Economic and Social Council provided for in Chapter IX. It should be empowered to elect, upon recommendation of the Security Council, the Secretary-General of the Organization. It should perform such functions in relation to the election of the judges of the international court of justice as may be conferred upon it by the statute of the court. 5. The General Assembly should apportion the expenses among the members of the Organization and should be empowered to approve the budgets of the Organization. 6. The General Assembly should initiate studies and make recommendations for the purpose of promoting international cooperation in political, economic and social fields and of adjusting situations likely to impair the general welfare. 7. The General Assembly should make recommendations for the coordination of the policies of international economic, social, and other specialized agencies brought into relation with the Organization in accordance with agreements between such agencies and the Organization. 8. The General Assembly should receive and consider annual and special reports from the Security Council and reports from other bodies of the Organization. SECTION C. VOTING. 1. Each member of the Organization should have one vote in the General Assembly. 2. Important decisions of the General Assembly, including recommendations with respect to the maintenance of international peace and security; election of members of the Security Council; election of members of the Economic and Social Council; admission of members, suspension of the exercise of the rights and privileges of members, and expulsion of members; and budgetary questions, should be made by a two-thirds majority of those present and voting. On other questions, including the determination of additional categories of questions to be decided by a two-thirds majority, the decisions of the General Assembly should be made by a simple majority vote. SECTION D. PROCEDURE. 1. The General Assembly should meet in regular annual sessions and in such special sessions as occasion may require. 2. The General Assembly should adopt its own rules of procedure and elect its President for each session. 3. The General Assembly should be empowered to set up such bodies and agencies as it may deem necessary for the performance of its functions. Chapter VI. The Security Council SECTION A. COMPOSITION. The Security Council should consist of one representative of each of eleven members of the Organization. Representatives of |