As a civilian, General Berkman majored in economics at the University of California, Berkeley, and received an AB degree in 1950. He also attended the University of California School of Law (Boalt Hall) and received his JD law degree from that institution in 1957. Following law school he served as law clerk to Judge James Alger Fee of the U. S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit for one year before becoming associated in 1958 with the San Francisco law firm of Morrison & Foerster. He became a member of that firm in 1967. He is a graduate of the Army War College (non-resident course) and the U. S. Army Command and General Staff College.

The General and his wife, Betty Ann, formerly resided in Sausalito, California. He is a member of the State Bar of California, the Federal Bar Association, the American Bar Association, and has been admitted to the District of Columbia Court of Appeals. He is a member of the Reserve Officers Association of the United States, the Senior Army Reserve Commanders Association, and the Association of the United States Army. His decorations include the Meritorious Service Medal and the Army Commendation Medal.

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

NAVAL RESERVE

STATEMENT OF REAR ADM. WILLIAM D. DANIELS, USNR, DEPUTY CHIEF OF NAVAL RESERVE

READINESS IMPROVEMENTS

Senator STEVENS. Admiral Daniels.

Admiral DANIELS. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

I am pleased to appear before the committee this morning to request your support for the funds required for the Naval Reserve for fiscal year 1983. No small part of the credit for our continuing improvement is the interest and support provided by this committee. Last year we were able to maintain our Selected Reserve strength within one-half of 1 percent of our authorized level of 87,000. This stability enabled us to continue our program of increasing the match between specific billet requirements and the capabilities of the individual selected reservist.

Just 4 months ago, in January, the first two FF-1052 Knox class frigates were transferred into the Naval Reserve Force, one homeported in Newport, one in Long Beach.

As a result of improved funding support the Naval Reserve has achieved significant improvements in readiness. Naval Reserve construction battalion unit readiness has made the most dramatic improvement. Other types of surface reserve hardware units are also on the upswing. Air Reserve readiness has remained relatively stable due mainly to equipment problems with both airframes and engines.

Considerable progress has also been made in improving the level of training in the Naval Reserve surface units. During the last 16 months we have constructed 14 shipboard simulators; we have constructed 5 damage control trainers; we have established 6 Naval Reserve maintenance activities; and added 12 LCM-8 landing craft. Our request for fiscal year 1983 marks the real beginning of our phased growth and modernization which is essential to improve the Naval Reserve's ability to support an expanding Navy.

The Naval Reserve Force frigate program will continue its expansion to a level of six FF-1052-class frigates by the end of fiscal year 1983.

Replacement of the Naval Air Reserve's C-118 aircraft is one of our highest priorities. The Navy has been examining alternatives to determine the least costly method of providing required mobilization airlift capability and support as well as necessary Naval Reserve training. We are presently structuring a lease/purchase plan which will provide as many as 12 used DC-9 aircraft.

We are developing plans for a dramatic change in our Reserve carrier air wings. We are shifting from a policy of vertical aircraft acquisition, where the Naval Reserve receives aircraft from the

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active fleet as the Active Force is modernized, to a policy of horizontal integration of aircraft where we will have a Reserve squadron for virtually all of our front line fleet aircraft. Discussions are focused on providing F/A-18, A-7E, and A-6E aircraft to the Naval Air Reserve as early as possible.

The Reserve personnel Navy funding request of $641.3 million will support an average strength of 93,240 Selected Reserves, 11,710 active duty, full-time support personnel, and 550 individual mobilization augmentees who will only be paid for their 2-week annual active duty training. It will support the various Naval Reserve Officer Training Corps programs and the Navy portion of the Armed Forces health professions scholarship program.

The major increase over 1982 is the result of the transfer of $238.4 million from the military personnel Navy appropriation to support the cost of the active duty TAR personnel. This transfer was directed by the Congress. However, there is an increase of $24 million for program growth which includes an increase for full year funding of the 1982 strength increase.

The funding requested for the "Operations and Maintenance Naval Reserve" appropriation for fiscal year 1983 is $653 million. This is an $81.9 million net increase over the fiscal year 1982 funding level, a real program growth of $64.8 million, or about 10 percent. This is primarily for increases in ship's maintenance incurred with the introduction of the FF-1052 class frigates and the overhaul of six additional ships over the fiscal year 1982 level.

We will not meet the congressional containment policy of no further growth above the fiscal year 1978 year-end level of backlog of nondeferrable maintenance and repair. Accelerated deterioration of the physical plant will drive this backlog to a projected level of $38 million in fiscal year 1983, which is about $17 million above the containment level.

In summary, Mr. Chairman, we have seen remarkable progress in the Naval Reserve. We have implemented the Navy's mobilization manpower requirements determination system, known as Nammos, which generates our Selected Reserve requirements.

We have greatly improved the quality of training through direct involvement of Active Force commands to which the individual reservist or the Reserve units would mobilize.

We have embarked on a growth and modernization program to increase our capability to support our expanding Navy. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. That completes my statement. Senator STEVENS. Thank you very much.

Admiral DANIELS. Yes, sir.

[The prepared statement of Rear Adm. Willian D. Daniels follows:]

PREPARED STATEMENT OF REAR ADM. WILLIAM D. DANIELS, USNR

DEPUTY CHIEF

NAVAL RESERVE

Mr. Chairman and members of the Committee:

It is my pleasure to appear before this committee today to describe the current status of the Naval Reserve and present our program for Fiscal Year 1983.

This is my first opportunity to report on the status of the Naval Reserve and it is a distinct pleasure to report continuing improvement. No small part of the credit for our progress is the interest and support provided by the Congress.

Current Status

Improvements in the Naval Reserve cover the full spectrum of Selected Reserve strength, equipment modernization, readiness and training.

Selected Reserve Strength

We were able to maintain our Selected Reserve strength within one half a percent of our authorized level of 87,000 and ended Fiscal Year 1981 with 87,599 personnel on board. This stability enabled us to continue our program of increasing the match between specific billet requirements and the capabilities of the individual Selected Reservist.

The first quarter of Fiscal Year 1982 was also a period of stable strength for the Naval Reserve during which we achieved a major milestone with the endorsement of the Navy's Manpower Mobilization System (NAMMOS) in the report to the House Armed Services Committee by the Office of the Secretary of Defense. The approval of the Navy's mobilization manpower determination system has been essential to full acceptance of our stated Selected Reserve requirements.

Last November we instituted a 30 year career plan for Selected Reserve enlisted personnel, which will not only improve the career and promotion opportunities for mid-grade petty officers, but will also improve the vitality of the force.

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Most significantly, we have started to increase our Selected Reserve strength to more closely match the increasing requirements generated by NAMMOS. At the end of December, The Chief of Naval Reserve issued a challenge to our recruiting force to make a major effort to achieve the significant increase in strength funded by Congress for Fiscal Year 1982. He emphasized that we must have only quality accessions to meet approved billet requirements. will maintain personnel quality and improve personnel readiness. A growth of seven thousand Selected Reservists by the end of this fiscal year will be a most difficult task. are utilizing all available assets to achieve this goal and we are hopeful of success. Our efforts are beginning to produce results. I am pleased to report that we experienced a growth of 959 Selected Reservists in the month of March.

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NRF Frigate Program and Operational Control

On January 16th 1982, the first two FF-1052 class Frigates were transferred into the Naval Reserve Force. The planned transfer of twenty-four modern frigates to the Naval Reserve Force is a major modernization effort. We have entered into written agreements with the type commanders which detail operational scheduling procedures for these ships. Careful planning has been completed to ensure the ships will be utilized to accomplish required training and qualifications of the ship and its Reserve crew. Our representatives on both coasts are involved in the operational scheduling process on a continual basis and the Chief of Naval Reserve has the final approval authority for the schedules. Additionally, a maintenance monitoring activity has been established at Chief of Naval Reserve headquarters to ensure that the maintenance of the frigates is kept up to fleet standards.

Improvements in Readiness

As a result of improved funding support, the Naval Reserve has achieved significant improvements in readiness. Na val Reserve Construction Battalion unit readiness has made the most dramatic improvement. Other types of surface Reserve hardware units are also on the up-swing. Air Reserve Readiness has remained relatively stable due mainly to equipment problems with both airframes and engines. Augmenting and sustaining units throughout the Naval Reserve show a modest readiness increase due primarily to improvements in individual qualifications.

Improvements in Training

Considerable progress has been made in improving the level of training in the Naval Surface Reserve. During the last nineteen months, funding for training equipment has permitted the construction of fourteen Shipboard Simulators (SBS) and five Damage Control Trainers (DCT); establishment of six Naval Reserve Maintenance Activities (NRMF); and the placement of twelve landing craft in the Naval Reserve. These trainers and equipment provide much needed hands-on training for units and personnel to maintain mobilization readiness qualifications. The most significant event in improving Naval Air Reserve training has been the assignment of limited numbers of Reserve air crews to fly fleet aircraft at Jacksonville, Florida. On the west coast a new initiative has Reserve flight crews training in USN Flight Simulators with flights in fleet aircraft planned for this year. Both of the programs are providing training on equipment not previously available to the Naval Air Reserve.

Mutual Support

Our Mutual Support program, where direct assistance to the Navy in the performance of its peacetime mission is provided as an adjunct to mobilization training for the Naval Reservists, continues to expand. Some examples of this type of Reserve training are:

Reserve attack and fighter squadrons provide opposition forces for war-at-sea, fleet air defense, and air-to-air warfare exercises for workup training of deploying battle groups.