unacceptable loss of 2,489 trained individuals.

Το

Concurrently, there has been a 10 percent net decline in the unit prior service population over the past four years. This represents an actual loss of 1,418 prior service reservists. ameliorate these problems and achieve the goal of 100 percent wartime strength, a vigorous attrition management program will be instituted, bonus utilization maximized, recruit tracking improved, retraining opportunities expanded and a comprehensive prior service recruiting program inaugurated.

The Marine Reserve aircraft inventory consists of attack aircraft that are 14 to 17 years old, fighters that average 16 years of age, and transport helicopters that average 14 years of age. The most critical shortages exist in the KC-130 (refueler/transport) and the AH-1 (attack helicopter) communities. Adding the four KC-130s appropriated through Congressional foresight in FY-82, there still remains a shortfall of 17 aircraft to complete the squadron at Glenview, Illinois and standup a second squadron at Stewart Airfield, New York. The single Marine Corps Reserve attack helicopter squadron in Atlanta has only eight of the 24 aircraft authorized. There is a urgent need to increase the helicopter anti-tank capability in the Marine Corps and this is an ideal mission for the Reserve. Funding to alleviate aircraft shortages, however, could not be accommodated in the FY-83 budget. FY-85 is the earliest these initiatives could be considered due to funding constraints.

Regarding materiel readiness, the Reserve is currently short $546 million in equipment and $138 million short in secondary items (repair parts, individual equipment, engines, transmissions, etc.). The FY-83 budget provides reductions of 5.2 percent in the equipment shortages and a 30 percent in the secondary item shortfall.

There is a pressing need to replace, renovate or upgrade 87 training centers in order to afford an acceptable training and habitability standard for the Reserve. The opportunity to replace these inadequate facilities is constrained by a chronically underfunded military construction program for the Navy and Marine Corps Reserve. Although the program has shown some growth over the past several years, the rate of increase has not kept pace with inflation. The FY-83 Military Construction Naval Reserve program includes $11.6 million for nine projects for the Marine Corps Reserve. This leaves a $196 million backlog consisting of 15 projects which are programmed, but unfunded and an additional 63 training centers, which require replacement, renovation or upgrading, but are unprogrammed.

To modernize our forces and facilities and introduce efficient management requires an adequate level of funding. The FY-83 Reserve budget request of $214.3 million is a carefully formulated fiscal program designed to continue the progress toward improving the mobilization and development readiness of the Marine Corps Reserve.

The FY-83 RPMC Appropriation Budget request of $165.9 million will support an SMCR end strength of 39,744 (38,300 average strength) while concurrrently funding significant readiness enhancement programs.

Thirteen million dollars has been allocated for annual training duty travel to permit more SMCR units to conduct annual active duty training at varied locations, thereby achieving greater realism and less repetitiveness in the conduct of mobilization mission training. $2.4 million will be directed to the Individual Mobilization Augmentee program. This program was given new impetus in 1981 as a result of lessons learned from the DOD Mobilization Exercise, PROUD SPIRIT. This exercise identified the need for a greater number of trained, readily mobilizable individuals preassigned to fill billets throughout the Marine Corps which will be critical at the outset of mobilization for a contingency or war. It is planned to preassign and train these individuals in their mobilization assignments utilizing training assemblies and/or annual training. Locations where Individual Mobilization Augmentees will be assigned include Fleet Marine Force staffs, Operation Centers, Mobilization Processing Centers, recruit depots and schools. The FY-83 program increased the number of Reserve full-time support personnel by 231 to accommodate the modernization and expansion of the Reserve Division, Wing and Force Service Support Group. This increase is necessary to provide adequate numbers of support personnel on active duty at the ranks and levels necessary to satisfy the requirement which would otherwise have to be met by regular personnel assigned full-time support to the Reserve component.

The FY-83 O&MMCR Appropriation request of $48.4 million provides for the day-to-day costs of operating and maintaining Marine Corps Reserve forces, functions, activities and facilities.

The $24.7 million contained in Mission Forces includes an increase of $4.1 million to support and increase the tempo of Annual Training Duty and weekend training essential to sustain SMCR units in a substantially combat ready posture. Included is the replenishment and acquisition of equipment to partially

fill deficiencies in both organizational and individual training allowances as well as initial issue of new items of equipment being introduced into the inventory. The increase will also provide additional training allowances of organizational and individual equipment, consumable supplies, fuel and transportation of things. In addition, the increased funding will provide for the associated additional training allowances of individual and organizational equipment and ancillary supplies and materials required to support the SMCR strength increase of 1,204 and the phased modernization of the 4th Marine Aircraft Wing.

The $1.5 million in Depot Maintenance is required to insure that major end items are available to meet unit training and mobilization requirements. The FY83 request will provide for the overhaul of 1 percent of total ordnance assets, 3 percent of total motor transport assets, 1 percent of total engineer assets and 1 percent of total communication-electronics assets authorized for SMCR units. Increased funding will provide for depot rebuild of additional secondary reparable items that will require fifth echelon maintenance as a result of the training readiness enhancement program.

Funding of $22.2 million in Other Support is budgeted for Base Operations and Other Activities. $11.3 million is allocated for Base Operations. The additional funding increases the contract maintenance and consumable supplies required to support completion of a program begun in FY-82 to provide automated data processing systems at the SMCR unit level to support administration, training, supply, accounting, maintenance management and mobilization and to achieve compatability with active forces. Selected Marine Corps Reserve unit support is also continued through replacement of obsolete and unserviceable plant property to upgrade homesites to satisfy minimum training requirements and provide an acceptable quality of life standard for occupants.

Over half of the funds included under Other Activities ($5.7 million) are devoted to supporting the level of recruiting effort and advertising necessary to attain the planned non prior service accessions and increase the sorely needed prior service input. Additional travel and per diem, required to effectively recruit prior service personnel to fill specific critical hard skills, is included with travel for formal school training for those full-time support Reserve recruiters, not trained in FY-82. $4.2 million is allocated to the operation of the Marine Corps Reserve Support Center in its role as the locus of individual management activity. The remaining $1.018 million encompasses such diverse items as postal expenses, headquarters personnel travel and entry fees for competition in arms.

In summary, Mr. Chairman, the Marine Corps Reserve is continuing to grow in vitality and potential. But, we must not rest on our laurels. It is obvious we must pick up the cadence if the Marine Corps Reserve is to be a fully capable adjunct to the active force. Thanks in great part to Congressional backing, we are moving out to meet the challenge.

DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE

AIR FORCE RESERVE

STATEMENT OF MAJ. GEN. RICHARD BODYCOMBE, CHIEF, AIR FORCE RESERVE, HEADQUARTERS, U.S. AIR FORCE

Senator STEVENS. General Bodycombe.

General BODYCOMBE. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Good morning. I appreciate this opportunity to review with you the Air Force Reserve programs for fiscal year 1983.

I am pleased to report once again that the Air Force Reserve is in the best condition in its short 14-year history since restructuring under Public Law 90-168. All units can be mobilized in 24 hours and deployed within 72. The fiscal 1981 end strength was 61,565, which exceeded the programed end strength, and we do not anticipate any difficulty reaching the 1982 average manning level. This will be the fourth year in a row that we have exceeded our pro

gram.

As of January 1982 all of our equipped flying units were combat ready with the exception of five which are now converting to newer aircraft. All of our six associate strategic airlift wings are combat ready.

In response to emergency situations, our Reservists in rescue and recovery units enhanced the public image of the peacetime military last year while saving 45 lives and relieving the plight of numerous disaster victims.

The Air Force Reserve is fulfilling its peacetime mission, and we are ready to fulfill our wartime mission. In that context we are requesting an average Selected Reserve strength of 66,000 for fiscal year 1983, which is a 5.5-percent increase over 1982's level, and this is contained in the 1983 Presidential budget.

The Reserve personnel appropriation provides for the pay and allowances of our Reservists during their active and inactive duty training periods, while performing special tours of active duty, and while undergoing school training. The 1983 request for this appropriation is $350 million, an increase of $23 million over 1982. This results from the large increase in strength levels as a result of conversions to more modern weapons systems and the full-year impact of the 1982 conversions, many of which occurred late in the fiscal year.

New missions will also increase our requirement with the addition of almost 800 medical personnel which are related to RDJTF operations and increased requirements for aerial port personnel and civil engineers.

The Air Force Reserve fiscal year 1983 request for O&M is $766 million. This is an increase of $74 million over 1982. This includes a price growth of $18 million. Program increases are the result of a full year's operation of aircraft conversions that occurred in 1982 plus four additional conversions. These four additional are one A

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10 tactical fighter squadron, one C-130 tactical airlift squadron, and the relocation of two existing C-130 units in conjunction with the activation of a new squadron at Peterson Air Force Base, Colorado Springs, Colo. These conversions will enable the phaseout of the last piston-powered C-123 and one of our two remaining C-7 airlift squadrons, and this will continue the modernization program of the Air Force Reserve by replacing older, less capable aircraft.

RESERVE FORCE STRUCTURE

Air Force Reserve force structure in 1983 will consist of 35 equipped flying units and 19 nonequipped associate units. Eighteen of these squadrons fly the strategic air lifters that would be necessary to move the RDJTF-C-141's, C-5's, and the C-9 Nightingale squadron.

We have one new KC-10 associate tanker squadron through which will provide air crews to the Strategic Air Command, and we have 137 combat sustaining units.

On August 30 last year the Air Force Reserve completed the largest training exercise in its history. Known as Condor Redoubt 81, it provided readiness enhancement through realistic training. We tested new procedures to meet congressional and DOD guidance, and we tested and improved the mobilization and deployment capabilities of our force. Equally important, we feel, it enhanced our unit confidence and morale as well as demonstrated to the public at large our force capability.

One of the main reasons we have been so successful over the years in maintaining this combat readiness is our Air Reserve technician program. These dual status individuals perform in both a civilian and military capacity in their units. During the week they provide day-to-day management and administrative continuity. During active and inactive duty training periods they perform as military members of that unit responsible for the training of other reservists.

The high skill level of this technician force coupled with the stability of these fine employees are two factors that are so critical to our sustaining operational readiness. We believe this stability is one of the major reasons why we have been able to attract and to retain individuals who possess these highly technical skills needed to insure our readiness. However, we could experience difficulty in expanding our roles and missions in the future if Air Force civilian ceilings were lowered, since our technicians are included in these ceilings. Consequently, we strongly endorse Air Force ceiling adjustments to accommodate the use of our technicians.

In summary, Mr. Chairman, I have mentioned only a few aspects of our program, but I feel that they are representative of the overall excellence of the Air Force Reserve. We are extremely proud of our flying safety record last year. We only had one class A accident, and we lost one fighter pilot in over 133,000 flying hours. This was the best performance of all flying commands in the Air Force.

The Air Force Reserve today is truly a global force. As a by-product of our training, our units perform day-to-day missions for the regular force in all parts of the world. We have KC-135 crews

standing alert on Strategic Air Command bases; our C-130 crews continue to provide airlift in critical parts of Central and South America from Howard Air Force Base in the Republic of Panama. We are proud to say that we support and we share this mission with the Air National Guard's excellent C-130 squadrons. Additionally, we are well along on a program that will build for us 11 modern tactical fighter squadrons by the middle of the decade.

So I will close, sir, on the same note that I began. The Air Force Reserve is fulfilling its peacetime mission, and we are fully ready to accomplish our wartime role. We think this is a solid bottom line in support of the requested programs, and, sir, we thank you and your committee for your tremendous support.

That concludes my statement.

Senator STEVENS. Thank you.

[The prepared statement of Maj. Gen. Richard Bodycombe follows:]