The Clash with Distant Cultures: Values, Interests, and Force in American Foreign Policy

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SUNY Press, 1 янв. 1995 г. - Всего страниц: 285
Whereas foreign policymaking is generally viewed as a rational, unemotional, and sophisticated process, this analysis of American policies toward the Persian Gulf, the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, and the Bosnian conflict suggests that the underlying and largely unexamined cultural values of most ordinary Americans play a major role in determining the United States' choice of force or negotiation in dealing with international problems. Payne examines the linkage between the United States' tendency to use force in foreign policy and the culture of violence in America. He argues that the costs of resolving conflicts militarily are likely to become more burdensome as economic competitors seek to take advantage of the U.S. tendency to demonstrate resolve primarily through the application of force. Post-Cold War challenges, Payne argues, call for a more nuanced combination of force and diplomacy. He finds hope in the fact that a strong component of American culture favors nonviolence, embraces humanitarianism, and if cultivated can contribute to the peaceful resolution of conflicts.

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Foreign Policy Begins at Home Cultural Influences on US Behavior Abroad
3
Culture and Foreign Policy
6
Public Opinion and Foreign Policy
16
Ideology Myth and American Foreign Policy
20
American Exceptionalism and Foreign Policy
24
Church and State Inseparable
28
Race Culture and American Foreign Policy
33
Cultural Roots of Force in American Foreign Policy
37
Barriers to a Negotiated Settlement
108
Americas Impatience and Sanctions
114
Bushs March to War
117
War and Religion
120
The Enemy Must Be Destroyed
123
Avoiding Responsibility
128
America as a Redeemer Nation
130
The PalestinianIsraeli Conflict Negotiating Peace Patiently
133

The Link Between Internal and External Violence
40
Americas Historical Experiences and Its Use of Force
49
Americas Historical Experiences and the Rule of Law
56
A Culture of Violence
58
Television and the Culture of Violence
61
Sports Violence and Foreign Policy
63
Reinforcing the Culture of Violence
65
Flight from Responsibility
68
Americans Quest for Absolute Security
69
Foreign Poliomaking by Analogy
70
Cultural Barriers to International Negotiations
73
The Negotiation Process
77
American Perceptions of Diplomacy and American Exceptionalism
84
Isolationism Interdependence and Negotiations
89
Impatience as a Barrier to Negotiation
92
Operation Desert Storm No Negotiations No Compromise
95
American Perceptions of Arabs
98
Perception of the Threat
100
Hussein as Hitler
103
World War II and Vietnam
106
American Perceptions of and Cultural Links with Israel
136
American Perceptions of Palestinians
141
Ignoring UN Resolutions and the Rule of Law
143
Israels Violations of Human Rights in the Occupied Territories
149
Israeli Settlements in the Occupied Territories
155
Negotiating With Friends
157
War Brings Peace
164
Bosnia Cultural Distance and US Military Inaction
167
The Collision of Distant Cultures
168
Perception of the Threat
173
Downplaying the World War II Analogy
178
Ignoring the Rule of Law
181
Stressing the Vietnam Analogy
184
Arming the Bosnian Muslims
191
Rewarding Aggression?
195
Resolving Conflicts Peacefully
201
NOTES
217
BIBLIOGRAPHY
255
INDEX
269
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Стр. xvii - The great divisions among humankind and the dominating source of conflict will be cultural. Nation states will remain the most powerful actors in world affairs, but the principal conflicts of global politics will occur between nations and groups of different civilizations. The clash of civilizations will dominate global politics.

Об авторе (1995)

Richard J. Payne is Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science at Illinois State University. He is the author of Opportunities and Dangers of Soviet-Cuban Expansion: Toward a Pragmatic U.S. Policy, also published by SUNY Press; The Nonsuperpowers and South Africa; The West European Allies, the Third World, and U.S. Foreign Policy; and The Third World and South Africa: Post-Apartheid Challenges.

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