oppressed, by fixteen Beys, or Lords. The Porte preferves there nothing but a shadow of authority, that resides in the hands of a Bashaw, whom the Beys keep, as a kind of prisoner, in the caftle of CaiTO. In the abfence of Murat Bey, the most powerful of these fixteen tyrants, who was gone to fight Haslem Bey, one of bis brethren, application was made to Ibrahim Bey. He promised the most triking protection, and even offered his own people and camels to carry the goods. This propofal was accepted with out hefitation: but, unhappily, the wealth of the caravan, which his avidity prompted him to exaggerate, made him wish to carry it off; and he concerted for that purpose with the Arabs of Tort, (famous for their ferocity and plundering), the blackest and most cowardly of all per fidies. The camels filed off from Suez the 15th of June. The travellers set out at fix o'clock in the evening; the night paffed without accident: but at break of day, in the middle of a defile, formed by two chains of hills, the caravan was befet by about 1200 Arabs. They first made three discharges of their musquetry, and then fell fabre-in-hand on the ten Europeans that compofed the caravan; who being difperfed, were hacked, taken, and ftripped even of their shirts, and driven naked into the defert. On the other hand, the real conductors of the camels, on the first thot being fired, which was undoubtedly the fignal agreed on, turned the camels about, and drove them themselves, not without fome resistance, but with eagerness, into the town of Tort, belonging to the Arabs, after having passed four days under the walls of Suez.

The Europeans, maimed, stripped, and still pursued by that banditti, divided themselves by chance into two parties. One took the road to Suez, which was but eight leagues off; and the other, confifting of the perfons who had marched foremost, as they could not make their way through the body of the Arabs, to gain Suez, ran towards Cairo, which was twenty-two leagues off; but, in or der to escape the ferocity of the Arabs, were obliged to take by-roads, which increased prodigioufly the diftance. Unfortunately Meff. de St Germain and de Chilly were in that troop: it confifted, with them, of a black, who belonged to them, (the other having taken the road

o Suez); of Meff. Barrington and Jen

kins, Englishmen; of Mr Vendelwelden, captain of the Danish ship; of an Armenian, named Paul, who was interpreter to the ship; and two Mendicant Arabs : in all nine perfons.

It is impoflible to describe the dreadful torments and mortal anguish that overpowered eight of these unhappy fugitives, and which M. de St Germain could not have escaped without a miracle.

There is not a more burning climate on the face of the globe than the deferts of Egypt: the wind that blows there is a confuming fire; there no rain ever falls; there is not a drop of water to be got, nor does a shrub grow within a space of thirty leagues, and the fand, almoft turned red by the scorching heat of the fun, is composed of little angular pebbles that tear the skin, and enter it like glass. By a strange contraft, the nights, in that frightful climate, are almost as cold as the days are hot; and when a man escapes the fuffocating vapours of the day, it is almost impoffible to withstand, without cloathing, the freezing air of the night.

It was in this murdering defert that M. de St Germain, with his unfortunate companions, had to ftruggle against all the horrors of death during three days and four nights, without eating or drinking, parched with a confuming thirst, scorched by the fun, exposed naked, stark naked, to clouds of infects and flies, the torment of which is more cruel than can be imagined; falling down twenty times in an hour with fatigue, and rifing again by the excess of pain occafioned by the pebbles tearing every part of his body; walking oftentimes on his hands; and at laft, overcome with fatigue, covered with an univerfal ülcer, reduced to skin and bone, having drank up all his urine, his lips and tongue dried to a powder, his fight dim, his bearing gone, no longer able to speak, and feized at frequent intervals with a violent fever and the delirium of death, having had several fits of a kind of apoplexy and lethargy, he arrived, by a species of miracle, at the country-house of the Bey, near Cairo. But the greatest of his misfortunes, the most cruel of all his torments, which made him twenty times over to wish for the death he was struggling against, was to have beheld the fucceffive exit of all his companions. Mr Barrington was the first victim that fell; Meff. Jenkins and Vendelwelden followed next; the black, the the Armenian interpreter, and one of the Mendicant Arabs, although robuft, and inured to the rigour of the climate, pe rished like the reft. But the most terrible of all fights for M. de St Germain, that which a feeling heart cannot figure to itself without being feized with hor ror, was to fee his brother overwhelmed with fatigue, heat, and thirst, with twenty-two wounds of a fabre, conjuring him to abandon him, and provide for his own fafety; and to be reduced to the alternative of feeing him perish before his eyes, or leave him in the defert, in order to employ the poor remains of strength he had left, to procure him some afsistance. He chose the latter. The excess of their fufferings made them hope they were drawing near the end of their miseries. His ftrength redoubled at the fight of his brother's danger: but all his care proved fruitless. They were still at too great a distance from Cairo; and the Bey's people, whom he had engaged to run to the defert in quest of his unfortunate brother, and the black that accompanied him, could not discover either of them: they found only the bodies of the other Europeans; and M. de Chilly either fell a victim to the many torments he endured, or he was dragged away into flavery, if he has been fo fortunate as to have his life saved by any of the Arabs.

M. de St Germain having thus seen all his companions fall, at laft arrived, naked, alone, and in a dying condition, at the country-house of the Bey. The affiftance he received there stopped the progress of the disorder; and after he was carried to Cairo, to the quarter of the Franks, he owed his life to the skill of M. Graffe, a French physician; and to the praiseworthy care of Meff. Magallon and Olive, merchants of Marseilles, who took him into their house.

The French were not the only persons that gave him tokens of the part they took in his misfortunes. Several Englithmen that failed with him from Ben gal to Suez, particularly Mr Ross, who commanded the English factory at Daka, whilst himself was at the head of the French factory, gave him the most feel ing proofs of their fenfibility. It was with the gre greatest difficulty Ity that he declined accepting the offers of every kind that were made him, chusing rather to give the preference to the French merchants at Cairo.

M. de St Germain being happily reco

vered, tried every means, but in vain, to obtain restitution of about 300,000 livres in effects and merchandise that belonged to him in the caravan; but, in abandoning his fortune, he must comfort himself with the thoughts, that he had the happiness to escape, all at once, every poffible kind of death, hunger, thirst, fuffocating heat by day, mortal cold by night, exceffive fatigue, the destructive fting of the infects, the fire and sword of the Arabs, the grief of feeing his companions perifh, and his inability to fuccour his brother; and, finally, a long and dangerous illness, the consequences of fuch horrors and miferies !

The history of this dreadful event, worthy in every respect to be laid before the public, in exhibiting a picture of the greatest dangers that any traveller ever encountered, proves, that in attempting the paffages of the ifthmus of Suez, one must be aware, both of the ferocity of the Arabs, and the perfidy of the Beys that tyrannise over Egypt.

MEMOIRS of the Lord Viscount STORMONT, Secretary of State for the Northern department.

DAVID MURRAY, the present Vifcount Stormont, Baron of Scoon and Balvaird, Heritable Keeper of the Palace of Scoon in Scotland, fucceeded his father in 1748.

His Lordship, after receiving a finished education at home, made the tour of Europe; and while he was on his travels, he was appointed Refident at the court of Dresden. In that capacity he was fo highly efteemed by the Elector of Saxony and the nobility, that a marriage was accomplished between his Lordship and a daughter of Count Bunan. This lady died at Vienna in 1766, leaving him one daughter, Lac Lady Elifabeth Mary. In 1755. his Lordship was appointed Ambaffador to the King of Poland; in which fituation, we believe, he remained till the peace; and immediately after, viz. in May 17638 his Lordship was appointed AmbaffadorExtraordinary and Minifter-Plenipoten tiary to the Emperor and the Emprefsdowager of Germany. It was of the utmost importance, in order to preferve the tranquillity of Europe, to have an able minifter at the court of Vienna at this period; and it is faid to be owing to the exertion of his Lordship's minifterial talents and address, that the Emperor has been kept steady in his alliance and Ha friendship

tity for his allegiance or peaceable behaviour, I prove thus. - It is a RomanCatholic maxim, established, not by private men, but by a public council, That "no faith is to be kept with heretics." This has been openly avowed by the council of Constance: but it never was openly disclaimed (whether private perfons avow or disavow it). It is a fixed maxim of the church of Rome. But as long as it is so, nothing can be more plain, than that the members of that church can give no reasonable security to any government of their allegiance, or peaceable behaviour. Therefore they ought not to be tolerated by any government, Proteftant, Mahometan, or Pagan.

You may say, "Nay, but you will take an oath of allegiance." True, five hundred oaths; but the maxim, "No faith is to be kept with heretics," sweeps them all away as a spider's web. So that, ftill, no governors that are not RomanCatholics, can have any security of their allegiance.

Again. in. Those who acknowledged the spiritual power of the Pope, can give no security of their allegiance to any government; but all Roman-Catholics ac knowledge this: therefore they can give no security for their allegiance.

The power of granting pardons for all fins, paft, present, and to come, is, and has been for many centuries one branch of his fpiritual power.

But those who acknowledge him to have this spiritual power, can give no security for their allegiance; fince they believe the Pope can pardon rebellions, high treason, and all other fins whatso

ever.

The power of dispensing with any promife, oath, or vow, is another branch of the spiritual power of the Pope. And all who acknowledge his spiritual power, muft acknowledge this. But whoever acknowledges the dispensing power of the Pope, can give no security of his allegiance to any government.

Oaths and promises are none: they are light as air; a dispensation makes them all null and void.

Nay, not only the Pope, but even a prieft, has power to pardon fins! This is an effential doctrine of the church of

Rome. But they that acknowledge this, cannot possibly give any security for their allegiance to any government. Oaths are no security at all; for the priest can pardon both perjury and high treason,

Setting then religion afide, it is plain, that upon principles of reason, no government ought to tolerate men who cannot give any security to that government for their allegiance and peaceable behaviour. But this no Romanist can do, not only while he holds, That "no faith is to be kept with heretics," but fo long as he acknowledges either prieftly absolution, or the spiritual power of the Pope.

"But the late act, you say, does not either tolerate or encourage Roman-Catholics." I appeal to matter of fact. Do not the Romanists themselves understand it as a toleration? You know they do. And does it not already (let alone what it may do by and by) encourage them to preach openly, to build chapels (at Bath and elsewhere), to raise seminaries, and to make numerous converts, day by day, to their intolerant perfecuting principles? I can point out, if need be, feveral of the perfons. And they are increasing daily.

But "nothing dangerous to English liberty is to be apprehended from them." I am not certain of that. Some time fince a Romish priest came to one I knew; and after talking with her largely, broke out, " You are no Heretic! You have the experience of a real Christian?" - " And would you, (she asked), burn me alive?" He said, "God forbid!-unless it were for the good of the church."

Now what fecurity could she have had for her life, if it had depended on that man? The good of the church would have burst all the ties of truth, justice, and mercy: especially when feconded by the absolution of a prieft; or, if need were, a Papal pardon.

If any one please to answer this, and to set his name, I shall probably reply.But the productions of anonymous writers I do not promise to take any notice of. I am, &c. [Lond. Chron.]

JOHN WESLEY.

The chaste and Sober principles of rational love and connubial duty, exemplified in Lady Harriet Ackland, in her passage through Canada to attend her husband. From A state of the expedition from Canada, laid before the House of Commons by Gen. Burgoyne.

This lady had accompanied her hufband to Canada in the beginning of the year 1776. In the course of that campaign she had traversed a vast space of country, in different extremities of season, feason, and with difficulties that an European traveller will not easily conceive, to attend, in a poor hut at Chamblee, her husband, upon his fick-bed.

In the opening of the campaign of 1777, she was reftrained from offering herself to a share of the fatigue and hazard expected before Ticonderoga, by the pofitive injunctions/of her husband. The day after the conquest of that place, he was badly wounded, and the croffed the Lake Champlain to join him.

As foon as he recovered, Lady Harriet proceeded to follow his fortunes through the campaign; and at Fort Edward, or at the next camp, the acquired a two wheel tumbril, which had been constructed by the artificers of the artillery, fomething fimilar to the carriage used for the mail upon the great roads of England. Major Ackland commanded the British grenadiers, which were attached to Gen. Frafer's corps, and confequent ly were always the most advanced poft of the army. Their fituations were often so alert, that no person slept out of their cloaths. In one of these situations a tent, in which the Major and Lady Harriet were asleep, suddenly took fire. An orderly ferjeant of grenadiers, with great hazard of fuffocation, dragged out the first person he caught hold of. It

time the action began, she found herself near a small uninhabited hut, where she alighted. When it was found the ac tion was becoming general and bloody, the furgeons of the hospital took poffeffion of the same place, as the most convenient for the first care of the wounded. Thus was this lady in hearing of one continued fire of cannon and mufketry for four hours together, with the presumption, from the post of her hufband at the head of the grenadiers, that he was in the most exposed part of the action. She had three female companions, the Baroness of Reidesel, and the wives of two British officers, Major Harnage and Lieut. Reynell; but in the event their prefence served but little for comfort. Maj. Harnage was foon brought to the furgeons, very badly wounded; and a little time after came intelligence that Lieut. Reynell was shot dead. Imagination will want no helps to figure the state of the whole groupe.

From the date of that action to the 7th of October, Lady Harriet, with her usual ferenity, stood prepared for new trials; and it was her lot that their se. verity increased with their numbers. She was again exposed to the hearing of the whole action, and at last received the shock of her individual misfortune, mix

ed, that in the same instant, she had, unknowing what she did, and perhaps not perfectly awake, providentially made her efcape, by creeping under the walls of the back part of the tent. The first object she saw, upon the recovery of her fenfes, was the Major on the other fide, and in the same instant again in the fire, in fearch of her. The ferjeant again saved him, but not without the Major being feverely burnt in his face and different parts of the body. Every thing they had with them in the tent was confumed.

This accident happened a little time before the army paffed the Hudson's river. It neither altered the resolution nor the chearfulness of Lady Harriet; and she continued her progrefs, a partaker of the fatigues of the advanced corps. The next call upon her fortitude was of a different nature, and more distressful, as of longer fufpenfe. On the march of the 19th [39.654.], the grenadiers being liable to action at every step, the had been directed by the Major to follow the route of the artillery and baggage, which was not exposed. At the

calamity; the troops were defeated; and Major Ackland, desperately wounded, was a prifoner.

The day of the 8th was passed by Lady Harriet and her companions in common anxiety; not a tent nor a shed being standing, except what belonged to the hofpital, their refuge was among the wounded and the dying.

When the army was upon the point of moving after the halt described, I recei ved a message from Lady Harriet, submitting to my decifion a propofal, (and expreffing an earnest folicitude to execute it, if not interfering with my designs), of paffing to the camp of the enemy, and requesting Gen. Gates's permiffion to at tend her husband.

Though I was ready to believe (for I had experienced) that patience and fortitude, in a fupreme degree, were to be found, as well as every other virtue, un. der the most tender forms, I was aftonished at this proposal. After fo long an agitation of the fpirits, exhaufted not only for want of rest, but abfolutely for want of food, drenched in rains for twelve hours together, that a woman hould