original the appropriate paragraph in the grammar is merely referred to. The American editor seems to have apprehended that these exercises may be used without the grammar, and has, accordingly, thus adapted it to all grammars. It may be questioned, however, whether the exercises may be as satisfactorily used without the grammar, as with it.

A more important part of the additions made by the American editor, is the collection of rules for the position of words, prefixed to the work. These directions are taken mainly from Zumpt and Madvig, but the examples which illustrate them, have been collected by the editor, with few exceptions, from Cicero and Caesar. But the main advantage this edition has over the original is, in the rules for the use of the infinitive, which are at once philosophical and practical.

The demand for such works as Krebs's Guide and Schmitz's Exercises is a good sign. If these books are thoroughly studied at school under competent teachers, our college education will not long remain what it is.

ARTICLE IX.

SELECT THEOLOGICAL AND LITERARY INTELLIGENCE.

GREECE.

The Rizarion Theological School, Athens, Greece.

GEORGE RIZARI was a wealthy Greek merchant, born in Albania. After residing many years in Odessa, where he accumulated a large fortune, he came to Athens in the year 1837, and died in that city, June 1, 1841. The value of the property left by him was estimated, at the end of the year 1851, at $175,000.

A large portion of his estate was devoted, by his will, to the establishment of a Theological School in Athens. At the end of ten years from his death, or at the close of 1851, there remained, after paying legacies to the amount of more than $13,000, and erecting buildings at the cost of $11,500, besides meeting the current expenses of the school, a surplus of income over expenditures, of more than $20,000.

This institution is placed under the supervision of the Minister of Ecclesiastical Affairs. A Director is appointed by the crown, who has the general oversight of the discipline. He must be a priest, and must reside in the institution. The number of professors must not exceed six; nor must their etipends exceed $400 per annum. In case any of the professors should be VOL. XI. No. 43.

54

at the same time professors in the University of Otho, their stipends must not exceed the half of the above sum. The course of study extends to five years. It was the wish of the testator that a Royal Ordinance should be obtained, requiring every candidate for ordination to present a diploma from this institution. But it is not likely that the institution will ever secure this monopoly of theological education.

Candidates for admission to this institution must come under obligation to devote their lives to the priesthood. They must not be under fifteen, nor over eighteen years of age. They must reside in the institution, and live in common. Twenty beneficiaries, ten from free Greece, and ten from the founder's native district, receive $80 per annum from the foundation. Those who are not of this number pay $100 per annum. The following is the Schedule of the Course of Study.

Xenophon, Plutarch, Chrysostom, Gregory Nazianzen, Basil, 6-10 2. Latin. Caesar, Sallust, Lactantius,

5. Political Geography of Europe, especially of Greece,
6. Algebra,

5

8-12

2

5

2

3

3

2

3

1. Greek Syntax and Composition,

Isocrates, Demosthenes, Aeschines, Plato, Herodotus, Py

thagoras, and Christian Fathers,

2. Oratory, Secular and Sacred,

3. Latin. Cicero, Livy, Augustine,

4. General Geography,

5. Geometry,

6. General History,

7. Christian Ethics,

8. Church Music,

(Declamation once a week)

1 The Greek Church allows only vocal music in the churches.

1223

1. Greek Prosody,

Fourth Year.

2

3-12

Homer, Hesiod, Callimachus, Euripides, Sophocles, Aeschy-
lus, Pindar, Hymns of Gregory Nazianzen, and Synesius, 7
Poetic Composition,

2. Latin Poetry. Virgil, Ovid, Horace, with comparison of Latin
Poetry with Greek,

3. Plane Trigonometry,

4. Elements of Philosophy,

5. Church History,

6. Church Music, .

7. Introduction to the Scriptures,

(Declamation of select passages from Greek poets)

1. Church History,

Fifth Year.

2

4

2 or 3

3

2

31 or 32

2

During this year attention is also given to the composition of sermons.

There are two examinations in the course of the year; the first, on the last week in Lent, before the instructors only, followed by one week's vacation; the second, on the last week in June, public, and followed by a vacation till the twenty-fifth of August.

Those students who wish, are at liberty to remain in the institution, and pursue their studies privately, during the vacation.

The present number of students is about thirty-five.

Statistics of the University of Otho, for the Academic year 1853–4. Whole number of students, 590. From Free Greece, 281; from abroad, 309. These are distributed as follows: In the Medical department, 305; Law, 147; Philosophical, 88; Theological, 17.

The great preponderance of medical students is in a great degree accounted for by the fact, that, throughout European Turkey, the medical pro fession enjoys peculiar social consideration, and is peculiarly remunerative. Hence, nearly all the students from abroad are found in that department. The following table will show the progress of the university, in respect to numbers, since it went into operation in 1838:

The Library has been increased during the year by donations to the amount of 5601 volumes.

GERMANY.

THE appearance of Vol. I. of a new edition of Hengstenberg's Christology is noticed in connection with our English intelligence.

The first No. of Neumann's Commentary on Jeremiah is just published. Vol. VII. of Olshausen's Commentary contains Ebrard's Exposition of the Apocalypse, and Vol. VI. Part 1, Wiesinger's Commentary on the Epistle of James. A fourth edition of Vol. I. has also been published, revised by Ebrard.

Part 15 of the "Kurzgefasstes Exeg. Handbuch zum A. T." contains Bertheau on the Books of Chronicles.

Prof. Hupfeld of Halle has prepared and published, in a separate volume, the articles written by him last year for Müller's "Deutsche Zeitschrift," on "The sources of Genesis, and the method of their connection."

Dr. E. Meier publishes a translation and commentary, with a revised text, of Solomon's Song.

A second thoroughly revised edition of Vol. I. of Kurtz's "Geschichte des alten Bundes," is just out; and a second edition of Tischendorf's Synopsis Evangelica; also a fourth edition of Hase's Life of Christ.

Meyer's Commentary on Romans (being Part 4 of his general commentary) has just appeared in a second edition.

Dr. A. Dillmann of Tübingen has published a translation, with notes, of the Book of Enoch, of which he published an edition of the Aethiopic text in 1851. He is also editing the Aethiopic version of the Old Testament. Fasc. 1 contains Genesis, Exodus and Leviticus, with the critical apparatus. Tischendorf has lately edited the Codex Amiantinus, containing Jerome's version of the New Testament.

Umbreit has just published a little work entitled "Sin, a contribution to the Theology of the Old Testament."

A second edition of Vol. III. of Ewald's History of the People of Israel is just out.

Ewald's Jahrbuch for 1852-3 is as spicy as usual.

Part 1 of Vol. II. of Hoffmann's "Schriftbeweis" has just appeared. We have from Dr. G. Richers a "History of the Creation, Paradise and the Deluge, as given in Gen. i.—ix.”

The "Biblical Theology of the New Testament," recently edited by Weizsäcker, is the work of the late Prof. C. F. Schmidt, not of H. Schmid of Erlangeu, as was erroneously stated in a late No. of the Bibliotheca Sacra. Vol. I. of "The Central Doctrines of Protestantism, as developed within the Reformed Church," by Dr. A. Schweizer, embraces the 16th century. We are glad to see that Sec. 1 of the second Part of the new edition of Dorner's "History of the development of the doctrine of the Person of Christ," has at length appeared.

Vol. I. of a 66 History of Protestant Dogmatics in its connection with Theology in general," is just published, edited by Dr. W. Gass.

Two new works recently published in the department of Symbolical Theology are A. H. Baier's "Symbolik der Christlichen Confessionen und Religionspartheien," Vol. I. Part 1 (presenting the idea and principles of Roman Catholicism); and K. Matthes' " Comparative Symbolik aller Christlichen Confessionen."

A new edition of Müller's Symbolical books of the Evangelical Lutheran Church is just out.

A second edition of Meier's Manual of the History of Doctrines is prepared by G. Baur.

Vol. I. of the third edition of Kurtz's Manual of Church History is now complete.

Vol. II. Parts 1 and 2 have appeared in continuation of J. P. Lange's Church History; the Apostolical period is still the subject.

After the lapse of nearly five years, another part (Vol. II. Part 2) of Böhringer's valuable " Church of Christ and its Witnesses," has appeared. Bunsen's Hippolytus has called out from Dr. Döllinger, one of the ablest Catholic theologians in Germany," Hippolytus and Callistus: or the Romish Church in the first half of the third century; with reference to the works and treatises of Bunsen, Wordsworth, Baur and Gieseler."

An edition of the Greek text of the Apostolical Constitutions has been published, with preface, notes and indexes, by G. Ueltzen.

Oehler's Tertullian is completed by the publication of Vol. II., which contains his polemical and dogmatical writings.

Vol. II. of Thilo's Bibliotheca Patrum Graecorum dogmatica contains selections from Basil and Gregory of Nazianzen, edited by Goldhorn.

Harless's Christian Ethics has just appeared in a fifth edition.

We see announced a German translation of I. da Costa's "Israel and the nations, a survey of the History of the Jews to the present time," Books 1 and 2.

Vol. II. of Dr. Kuno Fischer's History of Modern Philosophy, treating of the classical period of Dogmatic Philosophy, is now complete.

Vol. I. of Weigelt's "History of Modern Philosophy in Popular Lectures," notices Kant, J. G. Fichte, Jacobi and Schopenhauer.

Dr. Frauenstädt publishes "Letters on Schopenhauer's Philosophy." Part II. Section 2, of Fichte's System of Ethics, has just been published; also a treatise on Psychology by Dr. L. George, and one on the Philosophy of Plotinus by Kirchner. We see announced, also, a pamphlet by Trendelenburg on Herbart's Metaphysics.

Prof. von Lancizolle of Berlin publishes " Ideas, Reflections and Considerations from Schleiermacher's Works."

Vol. II. of Baron von Reichlin-Meldegg's " H. E. G. Paulus and his times" is just out; also Vol. I. of Henke's "George Calixt and his times.”

Heft 3 of Sect. 2 of Part III. of Vischer's "Aesthetics or the Science of the Beautiful," discusses Painting.

A new edition of Luther's Works, by Dr. K. Zimmermann, in twelve volumes, is announced; to be completed in six years.