OFFICE OF MILITARY GOVERNMENT Machinery and general purpose equipment being loaded on Russian ships in Bremerhaven en route to the Soviet. Photo by Byers The Reparations program in the U. S. Zone has made long forward strides since June, 1945, when the broad "reparations" principles were laid down by War plants were destroyed; Reparations plants were dismantled; A quadripartite Plant Evaluation Formula was adopted and put to use; Deliveries of reparations equipment got under way. Approximately 17,000 persons in the U. S. Zone are working on one or another phase of reparations activity destruction, dismantling, shipping, evaluation, administration, statistics. As of Aug. 1, 1946, 156 plants in the U. S. Zone had been confirmed for reparations by the Economic Directorate. Industries represented include aircraft, armaments, chemicals, machinery, metals, oil and shipbuilding. Of the 156 plants "confirmed", 24 were allocated as "advance reparations" in October, 1945. These allocations were made in conjunction with a swift appraisal of the plants, known as "Operation RAP". This represented an attempt to make available in the shortest possible time a number of reparations plants to the Soviet Union and the Western Nations. The basic clauses of the evaluation formula agreed by the Coordinating Committee of the Allied Control Council on 7. January 1946: Plant and equipment shall be evaluated at 1938 replacement cost, in Reichsmarks, without taking into account delivery and installation expenses. War damage, if any, will be deducted and depreciation allowed at rates to be agreed upon. subject to a multiplier of 1.35 for every year of war use. Maximum allowance deductible for war damage and depreciation will be 78 percent of the 1938 cost and will be applied to the unit of allocation as determined by the Economic гctorate of the Allied Control Authority. Dismantling of these plants began immediately and, as of 1 September, seven of the 24 plants had been completely dismantled. Dismantling status of the 24 allocated plants follows: Repara tions Number Name of Plant Location Product Diamantling Diamantled Started Percent 88 Schweinfurt, 1 Kugelfischer Georg Ballbearings 1 Mar 46 97* Schaefer Bav. 2 Bayerische Motoren- Munich, Bav. Aircraft 1 Mar 46 82 werke No. 1 Engines 3 Deutsche Schiffs- & Bremen Shipbuilding 1 Mar 46 27 Maschinenbau AG. (Werk Weser) (Deschimag Ship yards) 4 Grosskraftwerk AG. Mannheim, W/B Power Plant Not yet begun 5 Kloeckner-Humboldt- Oberursel, Deutz Gr. Hesse Diesel Engines 15 Nov 45 61 6 Fritz Mueller Oberesslingen, Machine Tools 3 Oct 45 5 WB 7 Bohner & Koehle Esslingen, WB Machine Tools 8 Oct 45 4 9 Hensoldt & Soehne Herborn, Fire Control 10 Oct 45 100 Gr. Hesse 10 Gendorf Gendorf, Bav. Power Plant 16 Jan 46 40 11 Hastedt Bremen Power Plant 17 Oct 45 12 Toeging AG. Innwerk Toeging, Bav. Power Plant 11 Feb 46 8 13 Daimler-Benz (Gold- Mosbach, W/B Aircraft 1 Mar 46 80 fisch) (Underground) Engines 14 Bayerische Motoren- Munich, Bav. Aircraft 2 Oct 45 100 werke No. 2 Engines 15 Fabrik Hess. Lichtenau Hess. Lichtenau, Explosives 6 Feb 46 24 Gr. Hesse 16 Deutsche Schiffs- & Bremen Shipbuilding 1 Jan 46 100 Maschinenbau AG. Valentin 17 C. F. Borgeward Bremen Torpedoes 22 Jan 46 62 18 Norddeutsche Huette Bremen Steel Mfg. 0 AG. Oslebshausen begun 19 Hahn & Tessky Esslingen, W/B Autom. Screw 25 Oct 45 60 Indexwerke Machines 20 Fabrik Kaufbeuren Kaufbeuren, Explosives 19 Oct 45 100 Bav. 21 Fabrik Aschau Muehldorf, Bav. Explosives 27 Oct 45 30 22 Fabrik Ebenhausen Ebenhausen, Explosives 15 Oct 45 100 Bav. 23 Wehrmacht Ordnance Strass, Bav. Shell Loading 1 Mar 46 100 Plant 24 Wehrmacht Ordnance GeretsriedPlant Not yet Wolfrats hausen, Bav. Shell Loading 25 Wehrmacht Ordnance Deschnig, Bav. Shells 1 May 46 2 1 Mar 46 100 Plant *USSR Portion only. Status of Dismantling and Demolition of German War On 31 March 1946, the first shipment of reparations equipment — from the huge Kugelfischer ball bearing Plant at Schweinfurt was loaded on rail cars and forwarded to Bremen, there to be transshipped to the Soviet Union. Since then, reparations equipment has been forwarded to Bremen from three other plants: Daimler-Benz Underground Aircraft Engine Plant, Deschimag Shipyards and Gendorf Power Plant. As of 1 August 11,100 tons of reparations equipment from these plants, all representing “Advance deliveries” were made available at the port of Bremen for transhipment by water to the USSR. Shipments totalling 9092 tons of equipment have been made from the Port of Bremen to the Soviet Union as follows: Date of Shipment Name of Ship Tons loaded Source of Equipment 19 Apr 46 Alexander Puschkin 1400 Deutsche Schiff- & Maschinenbau AG., Bremen-Weser 20 June 46 Verkknoyansk 1591 Deutsche Schiff- & Maschinenbau AG., Bremen-Weser 24 July 46 Otto Schmidt 2178 Deutsche Schiff- & Maschinenbau AG., Bremen-Weser 10 June 46 Kuznestrois 1299 Gendorf Power Plant, Gendorf, Kugel-Fischer Georg Schaefer & Co., Schweinfurt/Bay. 25 July 46 Velyranger 2624 Gendorf Power Plant, Gendorf, Daimler-Benz (Goldfisch) (Underground), Obrigheim/WB. The destruction of war plants those engaged exclusively in the pro duction of materials primarily used for war is part and parcel of the reparations program. After removing general-purpose equipment, power plants, etc. for reparations, such facilities are destroyed. As of 1 September, 80* war plants in the U. S. Zone had been dismantled and/or destroyed, or in process of such treatment. The general-purpose equipment in six of these (Reparations Nos. 20—25) had already been allocated for reparations and are therefore listed in the table on page 36. Status of the remaining plants follows: *Ten of this number were reported too late for inclusion in following list. |
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