 | Human Rights Watch (Organization) - 1998 - Страниц: 254
...kidnappings are used against civilians to spread terror, a violation of Article 13 (2), which prohibits "acts or threats of violence the primary purpose of...is to spread terror among the civilian population." In the months leading up to October 1997 municipal elections, FARC guerrillas killed, threatened, and... | |
 | Ralph Crawshaw, Barry Devlin, Tom Williaimson - 1998 - Страниц: 316
...compliance with the principle. These include prohibitions on making civilians the object of attack, and on acts or threats of violence the primary purpose of...is to spread terror among the civilian population. Measures are also included for the protection of objects indispensable to the survival of the civilian... | |
 | Yoram Dinstein, Fania Domb - 1998 - Страниц: 380
...prohibiting the attack of the civilian population as such, or individual civilians, or acts or threat of violence the primary purpose of which is to spread terror among the civilian population; 21 prohibiting indiscriminate attacks; 24 prohibiting use of the this century revealed the following... | |
 | E. Lauterpacht, C. J. Greenwood, A. G. Oppenheimer - 1998 - Страниц: 766
...person contained in treaties of humanitarian character". 10. As regards customary law the rule that the civilian population as such, as well as individual civilians, shall not be the object oi" attack, is a fundamental rule of international humanitarian law applicable to all armed conflicts.... | |
 | M. Cherif Bassiouni - 1999 - Страниц: 654
...expanding it to include not just women, but all persons.316 Article 13 more generally states that: "The civilian population as such, as well as individual...to spread terror among the civilian population are prohibited."317 This provision thus prohibits the use of rape and sexual assault as a method of terrorizing... | |
 | Roy Gutman, David Rieff, Kenneth Anderson - 1999 - Страниц: 412
...Additional Protocol II, applying to internal armed conflicts, is less specific but still declares that "the civilian population as such, as well as individual civilians, shall not be the object of attack." Prohibitions on the deliberate starvation of civilians and the obstruction of humanitarian aid are... | |
 | Maja Kirilova Eriksson - 2000 - Страниц: 608
...relation to non-international armed conflicts. Article l3 of Additional Protocol II establishes that: "the civilian population as such. as well as individual civilians. shall not be the object of attack". Besides. a great number of the on-going armed conflicts are of a mixed character. In addition. it should... | |
 | Rumbi Mabuwa - 2000 - Страниц: 166
...Protocol I relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (1977) Article 51.2 The civilian population as such, as well as individual...among the civilian population are prohibited. Article 75.2 Fundamental Guarantees The following acts are and shall remain prohibited at any time and in any... | |
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The civilian population as such, as well as individual civilians, shall not be the object of attack. Acts or threats of violence the primary purpose of which is to spread terror among the civilian population are prohibited. 
